基于plc步进电机控制系统的设计

[摘要]本文所要控制的电机为五相步进电机，采用可编程控制器对其控制，对设计原

理及方法分析总结。步进电动机优点有快速起停、定位和精确步进等，日常的生产和生活中比较普遍，控制精度高。在工业过程控制和仪器仪表控制方面，应用的很广泛。本文还介绍的PLC控制系统，其包括硬件结构还有原理以及PLC控制系统设计的原则方法。以五相电机控制为例，阐述了西门子PLC在电机控制中的运用。其基本原理、硬件准备和软件的设计，在文中都有体现。采用的细分驱动方法，可以达到极高的精度并提高稳定性，有利于电机运行品质、转矩波动的改善。本文内容包含PIC外部接线图、I/O地址分配、控制流程图、驱动电路选择、细分驱动分析、梯形图等，并且上位机监控界面是运用组态王软件编写。

[关键词]：S7-200；五相步进电机；梯形图；细分驱动；组态王

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Design of Stepping Motor Control System Based on PLC

[Abstract] The motor controlled in this paper is a five phase stepper motor. It is

controlled by a programmable controller. The design principle and method are analyzed and summarized. Stepping motor has the advantages of fast start stop, positioning and accurate stepping, etc., and the daily production and life are more common, and the control accuracy is high. It is widely used in industrial process control and instrument control. PLC control system is introduced, including hardware structure and principle, and the principle and method of PLC control system design. Taking five phase motor control as an example, the application of SIEMENS PLC in motor control is expounded. Its basic principle, hardware preparation and software design are embodied in this article. The subdivision drive method can achieve high accuracy and stability, and is favorable for motor quality and torque fluctuation. The contents of this paper include PIC external wiring diagram, I/O address allocation, control flow chart, drive circuit selection, subdivision drive analysis, ladder diagram and so on, and the upper computer monitoring interface is written by Kingview software.

[Key words]S7-200; Five-phase stepping motor; Ladder diagram; Subdivision

drive ; Configuration king

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目录

1 引言 ............................................................. 1 1.1步进电机的介绍 ................................................ 1 1.2 步进电机的分类 ............................................... 1 1.3 步进电机的应用 ............................................... 2 1.4 步进电机的各种控制及比较 ..................................... 2

1.4.1环形分配器步进电机控制系统 .............................. 2 1.4.2 单片机步进电机控制系统 ................................. 3 1.4.3 可编程序控制器步进电机控制系统 ......................... 3 1.4.4几种控制系统的性能比较 .................................. 4 1.5 PLC选型要求 .................................................. 4

2 电气控制系统方案的选择及硬件设计 ................................... 6

2.1 可编程控制器的原理 ........................................... 6 2.2 可编程控制器的选型 ........................................... 7 2.3控制方式的选择 ................................................ 8 2.4五相步进电机的几种运行方式 .................................... 9 2.4.1单五拍运行方式 .............................................. 9

2.4.2十拍运行方式 ........................................... 10 2.4.3双五拍运行方式 ......................................... 11 2.5控制分析 ..................................................... 11

2.5.1功能要求 ............................................... 11 2.5.2 I/O地址分配表 ......................................... 12 2.6 PLC外部接线图 .............................................. 13 2.7 步进电机时序图 ............................................. 13 3 步进电机驱动电路的选择 ........................................... 14

3.1步进电机驱动电源的分类 ....................................... 14 3.2.细分电路的分析和选择 ........................................ 16

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