外文文献原文+译文 原文

The study on the influence of high speed railway on tourists travel way

Martin G

Abstract

High-speed rail drive and urbanization on the regional city's economic development has a very important role in promoting, to relieve the strain on railway passenger transportation, improve transport efficiency and so on have a certain advantage. On this basis, the rapid development of high-speed railway more drive along the leapfrog development of tourism, tourists demand change as the core tourism market changes will have on the tourism resources along the integration, tourism elements of the reasonable configuration, tourism industry chain to create and repositioning of tourism enterprises have a profound impact, the era of high-speed rail industry is facing new opportunities of development. On the other hand, high-speed rail way for tourist destination and tourists changes have a significant impact, tourism source markets unusually strong demand, visible high-speed tourism development prospect. Keywords: High-speed rail; Tourism way; Tourists travel decisions 1 Introduction

As tourism six factors affect tourists travel decision-making is the most important traffic factors, because of its high iron accessibility, safety, comfort, convenience and other advantages, improve the tourism perception of distance between tourists and tourism destination space at the same time, the tourists' destination and travel patterns and travel time decision has a significant effect. High-speed time value and space value, experience value did not significantly affect the respondents travel destination choice and the way of travel time and travel decisions, refused to assume. Value and cost value and security of the participants' travel decision has significantly negative influence, support the hypothesis. In addition, the time value of high-speed rail, space value, experience value, cost, value and safety value affects the high-speed rail will ride. And high-speed is willingness to take on tourist destination choice, travel time, travel changes present significant

positive influence. Under the background of \and leisure tourism has become a new choice nowadays tourists. High-speed rail traveler’s journey time significantly shortened, time has increased in destination, and geographic distance was replaced by the time distance. Under the budget at the same time, the tourist experience tourism will be more time to depth. Therefore, the individual Tours and leisure vacation has become the norm, short trips, weekend getaway, city tour along the high iron become important travel type. At the same time, the high-speed rail because of its convenience, safety, comfort and other advantages to get the favor of more and more tourists. With high-speed rail, motor car as the carrier of the tourism bureau of transportation has become a wide iron core experience in the tourism product, the scholars have put forward: \core of high-speed rail travel should be bureau iron itself. High-speed rail itself is a kind of procedural products\Based on this, on the one hand, on the basis of scientific customer market subdivision, provide perfecting tourism products, tourism supply market at present, along the tourism enterprises has positive development \rail travel\\travel\tourist products. On the other hand, high-speed rail way for tourist destination and tourists changes have a significant impact, tourism source markets unusually strong demand, visible high-speed tourism development prospect. 2 Literature review

Earlier research is focus on high-speed, wide research field. Tourism study combined with the high-speed development momentum, with Oskar, Germania, Sophie Masson, represented by scholars such as main research high-speed rail on the regional tourism industry and the economic benefits and other traffic tools, the influence of the tourists travel and travel time, and so on. Oskar (2008) study of long distance high-speed rail service in the future the Swedish domestic tourism market economy and the market impact, including high-speed compete with other means of transport, high-speed impact on the way to travel and travel time. Sophie Masson et al. (2009) study on the skin and the opening of the high-speed train between Barcelona and motivations of tourist’s behavior. Germania, etc. (2011) comparative study the Andaluca between Madrid and tourist motivation and behavior of the passenger flow,

the study shows that traffic connection mode and regional characteristic determines the degree of connection between cities, close commuting and long-distance travel by high-speed rail as the main mode. Hsiao (2010) points out that the Taiwan high speed rail gradually replace passengers on mass transportation tools at ordinary times, the number of passengers and taking public transport behavior will change. Northeastern Japan Hankinson northeast after opening, the travel time of the four cities to Tokyo rate is greatly increased, showing \Hankinson as a tourism corridor to use\phenomenon. Petrick validation (2002) studied the perceived value of leisure services includes five dimensions, namely the quality value, emotional reactions, currency prices, behavior and reputation: Sanchez (2006) package with Spanish tourists as the research object, explore its perceived value, the empirical results it is concluded that the Spanish tourist perceived value includes six dimensions, namely, emotional value, social value, to buy the package of the function of the value, the function of the price value of travel agency, the function of the value and the function of the meter for the staff to provide value. Patterson traffic cost analysis model is used to transport and the relationship between the tourism destination developments were studied. Points out that the factors that affect the transportation cost are comfort travel time and travel, travel expenses, together constitute the three for tourism destination development has important significance of tourism transportation costs. Oskar (2008) pointed out that for high-speed rail in the travel time predictable when income and reduce operating costs. Nathanial accuracy (2008) from the journey, system security, cleanliness, car passenger comfort, service quality, passenger information and so on six indicators to measure the Greek railway for visitors to provide quality of service. Kim (2009) service quality, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty of service orientation (QSL) the influence factors of the transportation system is essential, and use the SEM demonstrate Taiwan high speed rail service quality for passengers has significant influence subsequent behavior, and the enterprise image and passenger complaints for QSL chain has certain influence. Jonathan (2011) Taiwan high speed rail, for example, using the empirical study inspection service quality, perceived value, corporate image and inner link between customer satisfaction and behavior intention. Anderson et al.

Research establishes the visitors of the relationship between the perceived service value and behavior intention, but only between perceived value and customer satisfaction research. Based on the classical theory of consumer behavior of the destination choice model is the most representative Matheson and linear phase 5 tourist purchase behavior model put forward by the wall, they also point out that the buying decision framework used to understand tourists, including tourist characteristics, cognition of tourism, travel and tourism destination, the resources and the characteristics of four factors.

3 High perceived value and tourists travel decisions 3.1 Introduced tourists perceived value concept

High-speed rail has gradually become one of the daily means of transport, but from the research results show that the main reason is that limit high iron to take high iron and high ticket prices, therefore, under the premise of tourists in a variety of transportation alternatives, will eliminate or ignore the time value and comfort brought by high iron experience, preferred to take other more economical means of transportation. This also for the railway departments and tourism enterprises to provide management revelation: in the \of experience economy\high ticket prices are still most of the respondents in the main limiting factors, high-speed rail fares formulation science will help improve the tourists' willingness to take, get rid of the high speed rail business, meeting the passengers as the main tourist market of the status quo. In addition, according to data only time value and space value of two dimensional perceptions of respondents were influenced by high iron by will, suggest that tourism enterprises should make full use of the high-speed rail \compression\attract customers’ time scarcity. At the same time, the participants' perception experience value is high, can consider to high-speed rail as the carrier of the innovation of the tourist route design, build and service outstanding different driving experience, attract more tourists price accept above the horizon, win a high iron tourist market advantage.

3.2 Inspire potential tourists' willingness

The slow travel has become a new trend of current tourism, high iron while brings the \research results show that the time value of the high-speed rail has significant negative related to the tourists' decision-making, more verified the passengers from the perspective of academic in the busy work, study, more eager to slow travel experience. Based on this, the tourism enterprises should make full use of high speed rail \Unicom’s big cities \\fast brigade slow\as the core experience, with high iron city as the basis, auxiliary light and other means of transport, more tourist destination, along the series to realize \hours on the above\high-speed rail routes, equipped with the accommodation tourist entertainment experience the wisdom of the tourism system, greatly enriching the connotation of the high-speed rail travel products, real influence tourists' willingness to travel and decision-making. 4 Suggestions

First, tourists' decision-making is a complicated dynamic process, this article selects around the research samples, sample wood although divided into high-speed rail along the urban respondents along with the high-speed urban respondents, but because each people's social and economic development environment, comprehensive transportation technology conditions and the influence of factors such as personal preference difference, can not fully reflect the high-speed rail this single stimulation of external traffic conditions to change the influence degree of the respondents travel decisions. In addition, without considering the importance of each dimension in the respondents perceived differences, the expert weight method is adopted in principle will more effectively reflect the value of different dimension weight. In addition, the questionnaire is designed without considering the respondents of text reading, set the item's not fully achieve language understandable, concise, in order to adjust optimization in the empirical research in the future. In view of this, this article at the time of sampling should strengthen the collection of data, selecting typical high iron cover with the city covered cities, or select one of the only rail line, or a single high