ÕÅÎĽܡ¢²ÜÑôÖ÷±à¡¶´óѧÎïÀí½Ì³Ì¡·Ï°Ìâ½â´ð 2009.10
½ü´úÎïÀí
˼ ¿¼ Ìâ
10.1 ÈËÌåÒ²ÏòÍâ·¢³öÈÈ·øÉ䣬ΪʲôÔÚºÚ°µÖл¹ÊÇ¿´²»¼ûÈËÄØ£¿ ´ð£ºÈËÌåµÄ·øÉäƵÂÊÌ«µÍ, Ô¶Àë¿É¼û¹â²¨¶Î£¬ÔÚÔ¶ºìÍⲨ¶Î, ÓÉÓÚΪ·Ç¿É¼û¹â, ËùÒÔÊÇ¿´²»µ½ÈËÌå·øÉäµÄ,ÔÚºÚ°µÖÐÒ²ÊÇÈç´Ë¡£
10.1¸Õ·ÛË¢ÍêµÄ·¿¼ä´Ó·¿ÍâÔ¶´¦¿´£¬¼´Ê¹ÔÚ°×Ì죬ËüµÄ¿ª×ŵĴ°¿ÚÒ²ÊǺڵġ£ÎªÊ²Ã´£¿ ´ð£º¹âÏß´Ó´°»§½øÈ¥ºó¾¹ý¶à´Î·´É䣬·´Éä¹âµÄÇ¿¶ÈÔ½À´Ô½Èõ£¬ÄÜÔÙ´Ó´°»§Éä³öµÄ¹âÏ߷dz£ÉÙ£¬´°»§ÍâµÄÈË¿´µ½µÄ¹âÏ߷dz£Èõ£¬Òò´Ë¾õµÃ´°¿ÚºÜ°µ¡£
10.3 ÔÚ¹âµçЧӦʵÑéÖУ¬Èç¹û£¨1£©ÈëÉä¹âÇ¿¶ÈÔö¼ÓÒ»±¶£»£¨2£©ÈëÉä¹âƵÂÊÔö¼ÓÒ»±¶£¬¸÷¶ÔʵÑé½á¹ûÓÐʲôӰÏ죿
´ð£º£¨1£©ÔÚ¹âµçЧӦÖÐÿÃë´Ó¹âÒõ¼«·¢ÉäµÄ¹âµç×ÓÊýÓëÈëÉä¹âÇ¿³ÉÕý±È¡£ÈëÉä¹âÇ¿¶ÈÔö¼ÓÒ»±¶Ê±£¬±¥ºÍµçÁ÷Ôö¼ÓÒ»±¶¡££¨2£©µ±ÈëÉä¹âµÄƵÂÊÔö´óʱ£¬¹âµç×ÓµÄ×î´ó³õ¶¯ÄÜÔö´ó£¬¶ôÖ¹µçѹҲÔö´ó£¬µ«ÈëÉä¹âµÄƵÂʺͶôÖ¹µçѹÁ½Õß²»ÊǼòµ¥µÄÕý±È¹Øϵ¡£
10.4 ÈôÒ»¸öµç×ÓºÍÒ»¸öÖÊ×Ó¾ßÓÐͬÑùµÄ¶¯ÄÜ£¬ÄĸöÁ£×ӵĵ²¼ÂÞÒⲨ³¤½Ï´ó£¿ ´ð£ºµç×ӵĵ²¼ÂÞÒⲨ³¤½Ï´ó¡£
10.5 n=3µÄ¿Ç²ãÄÚÓм¸¸ö´Î¿Ç²ã£¬¸÷´Î¿Ç²ã¶¼¿ÉÈÝÄɶàÉÙ¸öµç×Ó£¿
´ð£ºn=3µÄ¿Ç²ãÄÚÓÐ3¸ö´Î¿Ç²ã£¬¸÷´Î¿Ç²ã¿ÉÈÝÄɵĵç×ÓÊý·Ö±ðΪ2¡¢6¡¢10¡£
10.6 Íê³ÉÏÂÁкËË¥±ä·½³Ì¡£
£¨1£©238U???234Th??
£¨2£©90Sr???Y?? £¨3£©29Cu???Ni?? £¨4£©29Cu?????Zn ´ð£º£¨1£©
23892902929U???234904Th?2He
900£¨2£©38Sr???9039Y??1e
£¨3£©29Cu???28Ni??1e
29029£¨4£©29Cu??1e???30Zn
29290
1
ÕÅÎĽܡ¢²ÜÑôÖ÷±à¡¶´óѧÎïÀí½Ì³Ì¡·Ï°Ìâ½â´ð 2009.10
½ü´úÎïÀí
Ï° Ìâ
0
10.1 Ò¹¼äµØÃæ½µÎÂÖ÷ÒªÊÇÓÉÓÚµØÃæµÄÈÈ·øÉä¡£Èç¹ûÇçÌìÒ¹ÀïµØÃæζÈΪ£5C£¬°´ºÚÌå·øÉä¼ÆË㣬ÿƽ·½Ã×µØÃæʧȥÈÈÁ¿µÄËÙÂʶà´ó£¿
½â£ºÒÀÌâÒ⣬¿ÉÖªµØÃæÿƽ·½Ã×ʧȥµÄÈÈÁ¿¼´ÎªµØÃæµÄ·øÉä³öÉä¶È
M??T4?5.67?10?8?2684?292W/m2
10.2 ÓîÖæ´ó±¬Õ¨ÒÅÁôÔÚ¿Õ¼ä¾ùÔÈ¡¢¸÷ÏòͬÐԵı³¾°ÈÈ·øÉäÏ൱ÓÚ3KµÄºÚÌå·øÉä¡£ £¨1£©Çó´Ë·øÉäµÄ¹âÆ×·øÉä³öÉä¶ÈMvµÄ¼«´óÖµ³öÏÖÔں⨳¤´¦¡£ £¨2£©ÇóµØÇò±íÃæ½ÓÊÕ´Ë·øÉäµÄ¹¦ÂÊ¡£
½â£º£¨1£©ÓÉά¶÷λÒƶ¨ÂÉ?mT?b¿ÉµÃ£º
b2.898?10?3?m???9.66?10?4m
T3
£¨2£©P?M4?RE??T4?RE?4??5.67?10?3?(6.4?10)
242?8462?2.36?109W
10.3 ÔÚµØÇò±íÃ棬̫Ñô¹âµÄÇ¿¶ÈΪ1.0?10W/m¡£Ò»Ì«ÑôÄÜË®ÏäµÄÍ¿ºÚÃæÖ±¶ÔÑô¹â¡£°´ºÚÌå·øÉä¼Æ£¬ÈÈƽºâʱˮÏäÄÚµÄˮοɴXÉãÊ϶ȣ¿ºöÂÔË®ÏäÆäËü±íÃæµÄÈÈ·øÉä¡£
½â£ºÈÈƽºâʱ£¬ÎüÈȺͷÅÈÈÏàµÈ
32I??T4
31.0?10?ËùÒÔ£¬T?4?4?364K?91C ?8?5.67?10I
2
ÕÅÎĽܡ¢²ÜÑôÖ÷±à¡¶´óѧÎïÀí½Ì³Ì¡·Ï°Ìâ½â´ð 2009.10
½ü´úÎïÀí
10.4 ÂÁµÄÒݳö¹¦ÊÇ4.2eV£¬½ñÓò¨³¤Îª200nmµÄ¹âÕÕÉäÂÁ±íÃ棬Çó£º £¨1£©¹âµç×ÓµÄ×î´ó¶¯ÄÜ£» £¨2£©½ØÖ¹µçѹ£» £¨3£©ÂÁµÄºìÏÞ²¨³¤¡£
½â£º£¨1£©E?h??A?hc??A
6.63?10?34?3?108??4.2?2.0eV 200?10?9?1.6?10?19
£¨2£©Uc?
E?2.0V ehc6.63?10?34?3?108£¨3£©?0? ???19?0A4.2?1.6?10c?2.96?10?7m?296nm
10.5 µç×Ӻ͹â×Ó¸÷¾ßÓв¨³¤0.20nm¡£ËüÃǵĶ¯Á¿ºÍ×ÜÄÜÁ¿¸÷ÊǶàÉÙ£¿
½â£ºµç×Ӻ͹â×ӵĶ¯Á¿¶¼ÊÇ
6.63?10?34?24p???3.32?10Kg?m/S ?9?0.2?10hµç×ÓµÄ×ÜÄÜÁ¿Îª
E?(pc)2?(m0c)2
?(3.32?10?24?3?108)2?(0.911?10?30?9?1016)2
?8.19?10?14J
¹â×ÓµÄ×ÜÄÜÁ¿Îª
E?pc?3.32?10?24?3?108
?9.9?10?16J
3