成都理工大学工程技术学院毕业论文
采用硅光电池实现光照度计
电路设计和分析
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专业名称：应 用 物 理指导教师：# # # 讲师
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采用硅光电池实现光照度计电路设计和分析
摘要
本文通过理论分析与数值比对来确定光照强弱与光电池输出光电信号的关系，并且通过这种关系设计了相应的光电检测电路，更直观展现光伏技术在实际生活中的应用。
随着光伏技术的日渐成熟以及应用的扩展，对光照的研究也日新月异。所以对如何更加准确的测定光照参数也提出了更高的要求。针对不同的要求，如何快速设计出对应的光电探测器，又有了新的课题。本文在此背景下，进行了光照度计电路的设计与分析。
本论文共分四部分：第一部分为光电池特性介绍及实验特性参数，第二部分为电路方案设计和电路实现，第三部分为利用Protel 99SE进行电路设计，第四部分为电路实物制作与调试。
关键词 ：光电池 转换电路 光电效应 伏安特性
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采用硅光电池实现光照度计电路设计和分析
Abstract
A comparsion between analysis theory and numerical ratio, which can determine the relationship between the intensity of illumination and optical signal of photocell output in this paper. And we design a corresponding circuit of photoelectric detection by the relationship showing the application of photoelectric technology in our daily life.
With the development and widespread of photoelectric technology, fracture treatment has been changing quickly. So there have more high requirements about how to determine the parameter of the light more exactly. As for different requirements, it is a new project to design the corresponding electrophptonic detector. Under this background, this paper discuss design and analysis of the circuit of light meter.
There are four parts in this paper：In the first part, it introduce the character of photoelectric cell and characteristic parameter of experiment. The second part is about designing scheme of circuit and realizing the circuit, The third part is using Protel 99SE to design circuit, The fourth part is to manufacture and adjust the circuit.
Keywords: Potoelectric cell, Conversion circuit,Photoelectric effect,
Volt-Ampere characteristic
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采用硅光电池实现光照度计电路设计和分析
目录
摘要 ............................................................................................................ I Abstract .................................................................................................. II 目录 ......................................................................................................... III 前言 ........................................................................................................... 1 1 光伏技术的发展历程简介 ................................................................... 2
1.1 光伏技术的历程 ......................................................................... 2 1.2 光伏技术的现状 ......................................................................... 3 2 硅光电池的工作特性 ........................................................................... 4 2.1 硅光电池的工作原理 ................................................................. 4 2.2 硅光电池的负载特性 ................................................................. 6 2.2.1硅光电池零偏和负偏时光电流与输入光信号的关系 ...... 7 2.2.2 硅光电池输出接恒定负载时产生的光伏电压与输入光信号的关系 .................................................................................................... 8 3 电路的设计方案 ................................................................................. 10
3.1 电路的设计要求 ....................................................................... 10 3.2 电路的方框图 ........................................................................... 10 3.3 电路的原理图 ........................................................................... 11 3.4 电路的工作过程 ....................................................................... 11 4 各单元电路实现 ................................................................................. 12
4.1 光电池的输入信号电路 ........................................................... 12 4.2 电平放大转换电路 ................................................................... 12 4.2.1 运算放大器LM741的性能简介 ....................................... 13 4.2.2 同相比例放大电路 ........................................................... 13 4.2.3 电平转换串联电路 ........................................................... 14 4.3 电平显示电路 ........................................................................... 14
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采用硅光电池实现光照度计电路设计和分析
5 利用Protel对光照度计电路设计 ................................................... 15
5.1 Protel电子绘图软件简介 ......................................................... 15 5.2 电路原理图绘制 ....................................................................... 16 5.2.1 生成电路原理图过程 ....................................................... 16 5.2.2 生成BOM表 ....................................................................... 19 5.2.3 生成网络表Netlist ........................................................ 21 5.2.4 电路ERC表 ....................................................................... 22 5.3 电路PCB图绘制 ..................................................................... 23 5.3.1 生成单面PCB图过程 ....................................................... 23 5.3.2 电路DRC检测 ................................................................... 26 6 光照度计电路制作 ............................................................................. 27
6.1 电路的焊接 ............................................................................... 27 6.2 电路的调试及结果 ................................................................... 27 总结 ......................................................................................................... 30 致谢 ......................................................................................................... 31 参考文献 ................................................................................................. 32 附件1 软件安装说明 .......................................................................... 33
Protel的安装与配置 ....................................................................... 33
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