B

2.______ busy, they had no time to play. A.As they were B.Being C.Because they were D.all the above 2、时间状语

1._______ the students' homework, the teacher found a lot of mistakes.

A.When he was correcting C.When he corrected C.Correcting D.all the above 2.________by your teachers, you are supposed to be modest. A.When you are praised B.Praised C.When praised D.all the above 3、条件状语

1.______ more time, he is sure to finish his test paper. A.If he is given B.If given C.Given D.all the above

2._______ another chance, I'll do my job better.A.If I have B.If having C.Having D.all the above 4、伴随状语

1.Father came back, _______ a bag of money on his left shoulder. A.carrying B.he was carrying C.and he was carrying D.all the above 2.Father came back, _______ by a monkey.

A.and he was followed B.followed C.and was followed D.all the above

二、独立主格结构和with + 复合宾语结构在句子中作状语时，这种结构内部的分词或介词

短语的逻辑主语不是整句的主语，即主句主语与分词的逻辑主语不一致。如： 1.______, we’ll go fishing in the country.

A.Permitting weather B.Weather permitted C.Weather permitting D.Permitting 2._________, he finished playing the game of chess.

A.His eyes closing B.With his eyes closed C.Closing his eyes D.Closed his eyes 3._________, I couldn’t get the book I wanted.

A.Closed B.Library closed C.Closing library D.With library closing

三、使用分词短语、独立主格结构、with + 复合宾语结构分别在句子中作状语时要注意：它们与主句之间不应有从属连词（如when, if, as soon as, as, while等）或并列连词（如and, but, or, so等）。例如：

1.____________ the teacher told the class to go through the text

A.Checking the answers B.Checking the answers and C.When checking the answers and D.all the above

2._________a rainy day, so all the farmers had to stay inside. A.It being B.Being C.It was D.all the above 3.As_______a little sick, he remained at the clinic. A.feeling B.he felt C.he felling D.all the above

四、在使用独立主格结构、with +复合宾语结构、分词结构作句子的状语时，一定要看句子主语同这些结构的逻辑关系。

1、当句子主语与该状语内部动词之间有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系时，该状语可用分词结构或从句表示。

1.______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A.Lost B.As he was lost C.He lost D.A and B

2._______for the bus at the stop, he suddenly caught sight of a thief. A.Waiting B.When he was waiting C.As he was waiting D.all the above

2、若句子主语与状语内动词之间不存在逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系且状语内有自已的逻辑主语。则该状语不能用分词结构，只能用独立主格结构、with +复合宾语结构或从句。如： 1.The soldier fell asleep ___________.

A.with the candle burning B.burning the candle C.when he was burning the candle D.when burning the candle

2.__________, the Tiananmen Square looks more beautiful.

A.Being on B.When being on C.With all the lights on D.When it turns on all the lights

3.________ the notice, he had an idea.

A.When he was watching B.Watching C.When watching D.all the above 4.________ the notice, an idea came to his mind.

A.When he was watching B.Watching C.When watching D.all the above

三． 非谓语动词

非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。

1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别

(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)

It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。(经验)

Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job.

2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别 (1)不定式作表语

1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。

To do two things at a time is to do neither．--次做两件事等于未做。 What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。 2）如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。 To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。

To work means to earn a living．工作就是为了生活。

3)如果主语是以aim， duty， hope， idea， happiness， job， plan， problem， purpose， thing， wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明 作用。

His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future．他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。

The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior.

The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant． (2)动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。 Our work is serving the people．我们的工作是为人民服务。 His hobby is collecting stamps．他的爱好是集邮。

(注)动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同，但其所属结构迥异，进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语，说明主语的性质或情况。