2019-2020年高考英语大一轮复习层级化晋级写作层级二词靓句高

赢高分四吸引眼球的定语从句讲义

定语从句的正确使用能够比较明显地反映出考生对于语言具有较高的掌握能力，所以建议考生一定要在写作中至少使用一个恰到好处的定语从句。

一、定语从句的类型 1．关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。

①Secondly, you will make some good friends who are also interested in playing table tennis.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)

第二，你会交到一些好朋友，他们也很喜欢打乒乓球。

②What I want to stress is that I have already been a volunteer for the 13th National Games which will be held at the end of August in Tianjin.(2017·天津高考书面表达)

我想强调的是我已成为八月底将在天津举办的第十三届全运会的志愿者。 ③As the old saying goes, “Practice makes perfect.” 常言道：“熟能生巧。” 2．关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词引导的定语从句是指when, where, why引导的定语从句。

①We are to meet on Sunday morning in the People’s Park, where the air is fresh and the scenery is beautiful.

我们将于星期天上午在人民公园见面，那里空气新鲜，风景美丽。

②I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high pressure of study.(2014·安徽高考满分作文)

我认为你总是发脾气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。 3．“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句

Material collecting took us a whole week, during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life.(2017·北京高考书面表达)

搜集材料花了我们整整一周的时间，在此期间我们采访了老师并拍摄了学校生活的各个方面。

[即时演练] 用适当的关系词填空

1．(2017·浙江高考应用文写作)Our science teacher will serve as our guide, who

is expected to tell us something interesting about the Tiantai Shan.

2．(2016·天津高考单选)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.

3．(2015·福建高考满分作文)Only those who spare no effort to confront problems can achieve what they long for.

4．During holiday seasons, I will live in the countryside, where air is fresh and people are friendly.

5．English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of which uses it differently.

二、定语从句的写法

定语从句是比较难掌握而又是考生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，在写作时可采用“三步法”：

[示例]

第一步：写出两个简单句。 ①The foreigner is from Canada. ②He visited our class yesterday.

第二步：在句①中找出一处要修饰的词汇：the foreigner。

第三步：用句②充当定语从句，the foreigner为先行词指人，句②中的代词he指代the foreigner且在句子中作主语，故用who或that作关系词。

The foreigner who/that visited our class yesterday is from Canada.

[即时演练]

用定语从句将下列每组简单句合并为一个复合句

1．This is the best method. It can be used against pollution. →This_is_the_best_method_that_can_be_used_against_pollution.

2．I’ve always longed for the days. I will be able to be independent then. →I’ve_always_longed_for_the_days_when_I_will_be_able_to_be_independent. 3．I will go on a trip to Sichuan. There are a great number of places of interest in Sichuan.

→I will go on a trip to Sichuan, where there are a great number of places of interest.

4．I have a friend. Her father is an engineer. →I_have_a_friend_whose_father_is_an_engineer.

5．Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers. Two of them influenced me greatly.

→Through_the_course_of_my_schooling,_I_met_many_teachers,_two_of_whom_influenced_me_greatly.

三、定语从句的常用句型

1．As we all know .../As is known to all ... “众所周知……”

As we all know/As is known to all, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

众所周知，月球每月绕地球转一圈。

2．As sb. puts it ... “按照某人所说的……”

As he often puts it, university education determines one’s future. 按照他常说的，大学教育决定一个人的命运。

3．such ... as ... “像……这样的；诸如此类的……” We have found such materials as are used in their factory. 我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。

4．the same ... as .../the same as ... “像……一样的”

Her manner and attitudes towards him were quite the same as she had always been. 她对他的方式和态度与以前完全一样。

5．one of the＋复数名词＋定语从句“……中的一个”

As far as I know, your sister is one of the students who have passed the exam. 据我所知，你妹妹是通过考试的学生之一。

6．the only one of the＋复数名词＋定语从句“……中唯一的一个” Mr. Green was the only one of the workers that was invited to Beijing. 格林先生是这些工人中唯一一个被邀请去北京的人。 [即时演练] 补全句子

1．(2015·福建高考满分作文)我们大家都知道，这幅画讲述的是古代中国的一个故事。 As_we_all_know,_the picture tells a story of ancient China. 2．那些对世界做出重大贡献的人应受到极大的尊重。

Such people as_have_made_great_contributions_to_the_world should be greatly respected.