汤姆时而发怒，时而害怕。

(=Tom alternated between anger and fright.)

Collocation:

alternate between 时而…时而…

*They alternate between supporting us and opposing us. alternate in 轮流

*We alternate in doing the household chores. alternate with （使）与…交替

*Sunny weather alternates with rain.

k.(L. 32) relax: v.

1) make or become less tense, worried or nervous *Sit down and relax!

音乐可以帮助你放松一下。

(=The music will help to relax you.) 2) make or become less stiff or tight (=His muscles relaxed.)

3) make (effort or control) less severe

*You must not relax your control for a moment.

l.(L. 37) vain: adj.

1) too pleased with one’s own abilities or looks *She’s vain of her beauty. 他极其自负。

(=He’s as vain as a peacock.) 2) without result; useless

*After a number of vain attempts to climb the mountain, we were forced to return to camp. *It is vain to resist.

NB: vain的常用词组是in vain，意为“徒劳地，白白地”

CF: vain, empty, hollow & bare

这几个词都是形容词，都有“空的”、“空着的”之意。 vain 意思是“空洞的”、“空洞的”。

empty 主要表示某空间没有人或物，无任何内容。 hollow 表示物体内部是空的，如数、气球等。 bare 主要指某物的表面上是空的，无装饰的。

(Directions:) Fill in the blank with the above words and change the form where necessary. 1. The cinema was half ______.

2. We’ve made a ______ attempt to make him change his mind. 3. Don’t sleep on ______ boards.

4. The poor girl went on for another ten miles on an ______ stomach.

5. The walls look solid, but in fact they’re ____

m.(L. 44) emotion: n.

1) any of the strong of feelings of the human spirit *Love, hatred, fear and grief are emotions

*Jack is a man of great emotion, easily given to tears. 2) strength of feeling; excited state of the feelings

*He described the accident in a voice shaking with emotion. *He thought of his dead child with deep emotion.

CF: emotion, feeling and sensitivity 这些词都是名词，都有“感情”之意。

emotion 表示人的精神、身体全部反映的一种状态，表现为人的任何强烈的感情。例如：

*The speaker appealed to our emotions rather than to our minds. 演讲者激发了我们的情感而不是启发我们的思考。

feeling 是常用词，意思是“感觉”、“感触”、“心情”，部分体现为精神，部分体现为身体，但

并不是具有情感反应特征的基本的感觉、反射或心境。除非有上下文的提示，一般不表明反应的性质、程度。例如：

*Her feeling was that right would win. 她感觉公理会取得胜利。 *He had lost all of feeling in the left leg. 他的左腿完全失去了知觉。 sensitivity 意思是“感受性”、“敏感性”。例如：

*The dentist gave me an injection which reduced the sensitivity of the nerve. 牙医给我注射一针以减轻神经的敏感性。（插入图片dentist）

n.(L. 48) be ashamed of: feeling foolish or uncomfortable because of (sth.) *You should be ashamed of your behavior! 他由于问了这样简单的问题而感到难为情。

(=He was ashamed of asking such a simple question.)

o.(L. 53) startle: vt. Give a sudden shock or surprise to

*You startled me! I didn’t hear you come in. *She was startled to see him looking so ill.

CF: startle, frighten & terrify

这组动词都是动词，都有“恐吓”的意思。

startle指短时间内叫人震惊的恐惧，可能造成突然的不由自主的身体不能动弹。例如：

*The clap of thunder startled us. 雷鸣般的掌声惊呆了我。

frighten是最普通的词，没有特殊的意义，仅表示“吓唬”或“使…害怕”。例如：

*Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs Richards quickly hid in the small

store-room under the stairs. 理查夫人不想吓唬这可怜的人，所以她很快地藏到楼梯下的小贮藏室里。

terrify 含义是“使恐怖”，受到这种惊怕的人是不能自制的

*Bruce engaged low gear and drove at a terrifying speed. 布鲁斯接通了低速挡，开车速度快得令人害怕。

p.(L. 56) intensity: n. state of being intense

*The mayor didn’t realize the intensity of people’s feelings on the housing issue. *The poem shows great intensity of feeling.

q.(L. 56) anxiety: n.

1) feeling of worry of fear

*They felt strong anxiety for her safety.

*After hearing their advice he had no more anxieties. 2) strong wish to do something; eagerness

*The teacher praised him for his anxiety for knowledge. *He always shows his anxiety to please his employers.

Collocation:

anxiety about 对…的焦虑 anxiety for 为…的担忧

CF: anxiety, worry & concern

这些词都是名词，都有“担忧”、“担心”之意。

anxiety 主要指对不幸或失败的痛苦的恐惧和不确定。例如：

*At the most, he will experience feelings of anxiety, shame, insecurity, and helplessness? 他至多能体验到忧虑、耻辱、不安和无助感。

worry指扰乱人精神安宁的持续不断的疑虑或害怕。例如：

*I think rich people have about as many worries as poor ones. 我认为富人和穷人的烦恼一样多。

concern强调介入了思想不安的因素；它将严肃的思想和情绪结合起来。例如：

*Concern for man himself and his fate must always form the chief interest of all technical endeavors? 对人类自身及其命运的关注，必将成为所有技术事业的主要关注内容。

r.(L. 57) tension: n.

1) worry or nervousness

*I am suffering from nervous tension. 你能适应大城市的紧张生活吗？

(=Can you adapt yourself to the tensions of life in a big city?) 2) degree of tightness of a wire, rope, etc.

*If you increase the tension of that violin string it will break.

s.(L. 63) tense: adj.

1) feeling worried or nervous; making people worried or nervous *The two countries began to discuss their tense relations. (=There is a tense moment before we heard the news.) 2) stretched tight; stiff

*With his body so tense, it seemed as though he were listening for something. *Is the rope tense?

t.(L. 65) along with: together with

*He went on the journey along with his two friends.

她把钞票连同找回的零钱和发票一起重又放进抽屉。

(=She placed the bank notes, along with the change and receipts, back in the drawer.)

Collocation:

all along 始终, 一直 come along进展; 跟着来

get along 进展; 与…和睦相处 go along 进展; 前进; 同行

u.(L. 66) stretch out: spread out; straighten to full length

*He stretched himself out in front of the fire. *The sea stretched out as far as I could see.

v.(L. 80) bring (sb.) back to earth: cause (sb.) to stop daydreaming; cause (sb.) to return to reality

*Emily’s voice brought him back to earth.

*You had better bring yourself back to earth for an hour and cook us some dinner.

Collocation:

come back/down to earth （从幻想中）回到现实 on earth 人世间；究竟

w.(L. 81) in one’s mind’s eye: in one’s imagination

*In my mind’s eye I saw the cliffs rising sheer. 她在想象中酝酿自己的下一步作品。

(=She was writing her next piece in her mind’s eye.)

x.(L. 87) congratulate: vt. Speak to (a person) with praise and admiration for a happy event or something successfully done

*We congratulate her on having passed the exams.

(=Let me congratulate you on the birth of your daughter.)

y.(L. 91) media: n. means of mass communication, e.g. TV, radio, newspaper

*The media controls/control the news.

*Much of what children learn comes directly from the mass media. 3. Further study

1. Summarizing the text by filling in the blanks (Cloze A on P.146) 2. Useful Expressions

1. 田径比赛 track and field competition 2. 俯瞰 a bird’s eye view 3. 深呼吸 take a deep breath 4. 像雄鹰一样翱翔 soar like an eagle

5. 如出一辙; 不谋而合 coincide with

6. 每隔一天 every other day/on alternate days 7. 农场杂活 farm chores 8. 有一次 on one occasion 9. 站着 on one’s feet 10. 没有意识到 unaware of

11. 仰面躺着 lie on one’s back 12. 对…惭愧 be ashamed of

13. 感到… fill one’s mind with… 14. 摆脱紧张情绪 15. 在内心的最深处 16. 在这种时候 17. 舒展；伸展 18. 缓缓移动 19. 使…回到现实中 20. 想象

shake the tension

from the deepest depths of one’s soul at a time like this stretch out in slow motion

bring sb. back to earth see in one’s mind’s eye