人教版初三英语下册Unit 13 We are trying to save the earth!词句精讲精练-word 下载本文

Unit 13 We are trying to save the earth!

词句精讲精

词汇精讲

1. advantage

advantage是名词,意为“优点;好处;有利条件 ”。例如: This bicycle has many advantages. 这辆自行车有许多优点。 Studying English has many advantages. 学习英语有许多好处。 【拓展】

disadvantage是advantage的反义词,意为“缺点;弊端;不利条件”。例如:

When you visit France, it is a disadvantage if you cannot speak French. 当你访问法国时,如果你不会讲法语,那可是个不利条件。 2. instead of

instead of是介词短语,意为“代替,而不是”,后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。例如:

He went to the cinema instead of going to school. 他去了电影院而不是学校。 【拓展】

(1) instead作副词,意为“代替,而不是”,常用作状语。例如: He is tired. Let me go instead. 他累了,让我替他去吧。

She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她从不学习,而是整天打网球。 (2)instead和instead of的辨析:

instead是副词,后面不接其他的词,一般情况下可不译出,通常放在句首或句末,在句首时常用逗号隔开,表示前面的事没做,而做了后面的事。例如:

He didn’t go to school. Instead, he went to the cinema. 他没有去学校,相反他去了电影院。 Instead of lending a hand, he laughed at us.他不仅没有帮我们一把,反而嘲笑我们。 3. cut off

cut off是固定搭配,意为“切除;切掉”。例如:

The slide cut off the valley from the rest of the world. 山崩切断了这个山谷与外界的联系。 【拓展】“动词 + off”构成的短语有:

take off 起飞,脱下 put off 推迟 turn off 关闭 get off 下车

fall off…从……掉下来 break off终止 pay off 付清 4. make a difference

make a difference意为“起作用,有影响”。例如:

The fact that I can now organize my own time makes a big difference. 现在我能自己安排时间了,这对我有很大的作用。

Whatever you can do can make a difference. 无论你能做什么,都会带来不同。 5. the number of

the number of意为“……的数量”,后接可数名词复数,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:

The number of people speaking Chinese is larger than that of those speaking English. 说汉语的人数要大于说英语的人数。 【拓展】

a number of 意为“许多”,后面接可数名词的复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。number前面可以用large,great,small等修饰,构成a large number of; a small number of等。例如: I have a number of letters to write. 我有许多信件要写。

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A large number of students in our school are from the countryside. 我们学校许多学生来自农村。 A small number of students in our class went swimming yesterday. 昨天我们班一小部分学生去游泳了。 6. although

although的意思相当于though,意为“尽管,虽然”,用来引导让步状语从句。它所引导的从句不能与并列连词but; and; so等连用,但可以和yet; still等词连用。例如:

Although he lives alone, he doesn’t feel lonely.= He lives alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely. 虽然他一个人住,但他并不感到孤独。

There is air all around us, although we cannot see it. 虽然我们看不见空气,但空气却存在于我们的周围。 【拓展】although与though的辨析: (1) 用作连词,表示“虽然”,二者可以互换使用,但although比though更为正式。例如: Though/Although it was raining, we still went there. 虽然下着雨,但我们还是去了那里。 (2) although一般不用作副词,而though可用作副词,且一般放在句末(不放在句首),意为“可是,不过”。例如:

It’s hard work; I enjoy it, though. 工作很辛苦,可是我很喜欢。

We all tried our best. We lost the game, though. 我们都尽力最大努力,但我们还是输了。

(3) 在as though(好像,仿佛),even though(即使,纵然)等固定短语中不能用although。例如: He talks as though he knew everything. 他夸夸其谈,好像无所不知。 7. take part in

take part in意为“参加”,常指参加群众性的活动、会议、劳动、游行等,往往指参加者持有积极的态度,起一定作用。take part in之后接名词或动名词。例如: I didn’t take part in the sports meeting yesterday because I was ill. 我没有参加昨天的运动会,因为我病了。

Everyone can take part in gardening. 每个人都可以参加到园艺活动中来。 【拓展】join是动词,意为“加入”。指加入某一党派、组织或社会团体,以及参军等,并成为其中一员。其后常出现club, army, team, group以及人称代词宾格等。例如: join the swimming club 参加游泳俱乐部

join the army 参军 join us 加入到我们的行列 8. afford

afford常用作及物动词,意为“买(经受)得起……;给予,提供”,其后常接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语,afford后还可接双宾语。

This kind of computer is too expensive and I can't afford it.这种电脑太贵了,我买不起。 At last I can afford a watch.我终于买得起一只手表了。

I could not afford so much money for a bicycle.我出不起那么多钱买一辆自行车。 I'll afford you a chance.我将给你提供一个机会。 词汇精练

I. 英汉互译。

1. make a difference ______________ 2. cut off ______________ 3. lead to______________ 4. be full of ______________ 5. take part in______________ 6. 关闭______________ 7. hear of ______________ 8. 扔掉______________ 9. 对……有害______________ 10. be made of ______________

II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。

1. I have a simple and easy m___________ to solve the problem.

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2. We shouldn’t be ___________ (残忍的) to animals. 3. It’s h___________ to your health to drink too much. 4. The city is the ___________ (工业) center of the country. 5. The car is too expensive, I can’t a___________ it. 6. Don’t throw ___________ (垃圾) everywhere.

7. In winter, many people burn c___________ to keep warm.

8. The police found a body at the ___________ (底部) of the lake. 9. The ___________ (费用) of living in big cities is very high. 10. He keeps a rabbit in a big ___________ (木制的) box. III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. The old man used ___________ (be) a teacher.

2. We should ___________ (clean) the room every day. 3. Look! Tom ___________ (sleep) in his room.

4. Lots of trees ___________ (plant) on the hill every year. 5. He ___________ (live) here for 20 years. 参考答案

I. 英汉互译。

1. 起作用,有影响 2. 切除,切掉 3. 导致 4. 充满…… 5. 参加 6. turn off 7. 听说 8. throw away 9. be harmful to 10. 由……制成 II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。

1. method 2. cruel 3. harmful 4. industry 5. afford 6. litter 7. coal 8. bottom 9. cost 10. wooden III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. to be 2. clean 3. is sleeping 4. are planted 5. has lived 句式精讲

1. And remember to throw rubbish in the bins and keep public places clean and beautiful for everyone. remember作动词,意为“记得”。与forget意思相反。例如:

Please remember his name. 请记得他的名字。 【拓展】

(1)remember to do sth.表示“记得要做某事”,事情还没有做。例如: Remember to turn off the light when you leave. 离开时记得关灯。 (2)remember doing sth.表示“记得曾经做过某事”,事情已经做过了。例如: He remembered going to Shanghai with his parents when he was five years old. 他记得五岁时曾经和父母去过上海。 2. Many have heard of shark fin soup. hear of意为“听说,听到”,相当于hear about。 例如: I have never heard of him. 我从来没听人说起过他。 【拓展】hear; hear of与hear from的辨析: (1) hear“听见,听说”。当“听见”讲时,强调结果,可直接带宾语或用于hear sb. / sth. do/ doing sth.意为“听见某人/某物(在)做某事”,当“听说”时,后面常接从句。例如:

Can you hear a bird singing in the tree now? 你现在能听见鸟在树上唱歌吗? I heard that she passed the exam. 我听说她通过考试了。 (2) hear of“听说,得知”,后面接名词或代词,指听到某人或某事的存在或消息。例如: Jim disappeared and nobody heard of him. Jim不知去向,没有人再听到他的消息。

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