英语读音规则(详细) 下载本文

warmhearted warship warn toward quarter

读/?:/音的字母(组合)规则

1.er读作/?:/。

例:serve/s?:v/,person/'p?:sn/。再如:

her hers verb term mercy German certain servant service nervous perfect referobserve certainly perfectly Germany university

2.ir读作/?:/。

例:bird/b?:d/,thirty/'θ?:ti/。再如:

sir shirt skirt dirt first third girl firm dirty thirsty birthday circle 3.ur读作/?:/。

例:nurse/n?:s/,church/t??:t?/。再如:

burn turn fur hurt burst Thursday murder murderer further curtain surface re-turn 4.ear有时读作/?:/。

例:learn/l?:n/,earth/?:θ/,search/s?:t?/,early/'?:li/,research/ri's?:t?/ 5.or在w后读作/?:/。

例:word/w?:d/,work/w?:k/。再如:

works worse worst worth worm world worthy worship worker workshop

读/i?/音的字母(组合)规则

1.ear读作/i?/。

例:dear/di?/,appear/?'pi/。再如:

ear fear hear near spear clear nearly nearby fearless disappear 2.ea读/i?/。

例:real/ri?l/,idea/ai'di?/。再如: really theatre hearing realize 3.eer读作/i?/。

21

例:cheer deer sneer engineer pioneer 4.ere读作/i?/。

例:here/hi?/,merely/'mi?li/ 5.e有时读作/i?/。

例:hero/'hi?ru/,zero/'zi?ru/。再如:

serious period theory material experience imperialism

读/ε?/音的字母(组合)规则

1.are读作/ε?/。

例:care/kε?/,stare/stε?/。再如:

rare share spare square dare glare careful prepare barefoot barely declare 2.air读作/ε?/。

例:air/ε?/,pair/pε?/。再如:

fair chair hair stair fairly fairy chairman airport repair affair upstairs despairmillionaire 3.eir读作/ε?/。

例:their/Jε? /,theirs/ Jε?z/ 4.ear有时读作/ε?/。

例:bear/bε?/,tear(v.)/tε?/,wear/wε?/ 5.ere有时读作/ε?/。

例:there/ Jε?/,where/wε?/,therefore/'Jε?f?:::::::/ 6.a有时读作/ε?/。

例:area/'ε?ri/,glaring/'glε?ri?/,various/'vε?ris/,?ary/'mε?ri/,Hungarian/h??'gε?rin/

读/ai?/音的字母(组合)规则

1.ire读作/ai?/,

例:wire/wai?/,admire/ad'mai?/。再如:

fire tire tiresome hire require wireless inspire inspiring entirely

22

2.ia读作/ai?/。

例:trial/trail/,diamond/'dai?mnd/ 3.ie读作/ai?/。

例:quiet/kwai?t/,society/s?'saiti/。再如: quietly science scientist 4.其他

例:diary/'dai?ri/,iron/ai?n/,lion/lai?n/,violin/?vai'lin/

读/u?/、/ju?/音的字母(组合)规则

1.ure,ue,oor,our等有时读作/u?/。

例:sure/?u/,surely/'?u?li/,cruel/kru?l/,cruelty/'kru?lti/,poor/pu?/,tour/tu?/ 2.ure有时读作/ju?/。

例:cure/kju?/,pure/pju?/,endure/in'dju?/

不发音的字母有哪些

英语词汇浩如烟海,记不胜记。掌握一个词,不仅要知其形,懂其意,更应首先学会准确发音。但是,英语中有一些字母,在某些构词环境中不发音,使词的形、音脱节,从而增加了词汇学习的难度。但此类字母并非杂乱无章,无规可循,而往往有一定的规律性。如果学习者掌握了不发音字母的一般规律,问题也就迎刃而解了。不发音字母主要有以下几种情况:

1.b出现在词尾,在字母m之后。如:bomb,climb,comb,crumb,dumb,lamb,limb,plumb(垂直的),thumb,tomb.

2.c出现在字母s或者x之后。如:adolescence(青春期),ascend(登高),dis-ciple(门徒),excellence,excess,excite,fascinate,scissors。

3.g出现在词首,在字母n之前。如:gnarled(多瘤节的),gnash(咬牙切齿),gnat[英]蚊子,gnaw(咬)。 g出现在词尾,在字母m,n之前。如:diaphragm(隔膜),paradigm(范例),phlegm(痰);campaign,deign(屈尊),design,foreign,reign.

4.gh出现在词尾,或在字母t之前。如:brought,caught,fought,height,high,straight,thorough,thought,weight.

5.h出现在词首,在字母g,r,ex之后。如:ghetto(犹太人居住区),ghost,ghoul(盗尸的人);rhetoric(修辞学),rhyme,rhythm;exhaust,exhibit,exhilarate(使高兴),exhort(规劝)。

h出现在词尾。如:ah(啊i),myrrh(没药),Sarah(女子名),Utah(美国西部一州名)。

23

6.k出现在词首,在字母n之前。如:knead(按摩),knee,knickers(灯笼裤),knife,knight,knit,knot,know.

7.l出现在词尾,在字母组合alf,alk,alm中。如:calf,half;chalk,stalk,talk,walk;alms(救济金),calm,palm,psalm(赞美诗)。

8.m出现在词首,在字母n之前。如:mnemonic(帮助记忆的),mnemonist(记忆术专家),mnemosyne(古希腊司记忆的女神)。

9.n出现在词尾,在字母m之后。如:autumn,column,hymn(圣歌,赞美诗)。

10.p出现在词首,在字母n,s,t之前。如:pneumatics(气体力学),pneu-monia(肺炎);psalm(赞美诗),pseudonym(笔名),psychic(精神的,心理的),psy-chology(心理学);pterodactyl(飞龙目动物)。

11.t出现在词尾的字母组合-sten和-stle中。如:fasten,hasten;apostle(鼓吹者,倡导者),castle,whistle.

英语字母组合与英语单词重音

学习英语时我们常因单词重音位置的飘忽不定而大伤脑筋,尤其是遇上双音节以上的词汇,要准确无误地读准其重音,确实不太容易。

其实,英语词汇的重音位置通常是有规律的。例如:有些双音节词汇做名词时重音往往落在首音节上;而做动词时,重音就落在第二音节上了。这些词汇常见的有:addict,accent,abstract,annex等。

可见,掌握好并读准单词的重音有一定的规律可循。

为了便于记忆和学习,现将部分规则按重音位置和字母顺序作如下归纳,并从理论上进行简要分析。 一、归类部分

1.重音落在末音节的字母组合 ①以-ee结尾,读音为/i:/的词汇:

appellee chimpanzee conferee contestee decree drawee evacuee em-ployee goatee grandee guarantee indictee inductee

②以-act结尾,读音为/?kt/的词汇,多为动词:

contact contract detract distract exact enact intact interact ③-air,-aire或-are结尾,读音为/ε?/的词汇:

affair concessionaire enclair millionaire aware prepare ④以-ade结尾,读音为/eid/的词汇:

arcade brigade colonnade escalade escapade(exception:decade)

24

⑤以-ane结尾,读音为/ein/的词汇: inane insane profane humane

⑥以-ceive结尾,读音为/si:v/的动词: conceive deceive perceive receive ⑦以-duce结尾,读音为/dju:s/的词汇:

conduce deduce induce introduce reduce reproduce subduce traduceseduce ⑧以-ease结尾,读音为/i:s/或/i:z/的词汇:

appease decease decrease disease increase predecease release sub-lease surcease ⑨以-een结尾,读音为/i:n/的名词:

colleen canteen pretteen Salween shagreen thirteen spalpeenvelevteen yestreen ⑩以-eer结尾,读音为/i?/的名词:

cannoneer compeer domineer engineer fronteer gadgeteer gazetterpamphleteer patrioteer (11)以-ect结尾,读音为/ekt/的动词:

affect bisect collect defect direct detect correct confect connectdisinfect eject elect (12)以-ede结尾,读音为/i:d/的动词:

accede antecede concede impede intercede precede recede retrocedesecede supercede (13)以-end结尾,读音为/end/的动词:

attend amend commend comprehend contend defend depend extendintend represend subtend (14)以-el结尾,读音为/el/的词汇:

compel impel Nobel marcel propel rebel(v.) (15)以-ert结尾,读音为/?:t/的词汇:

assert concert convert desert introvert subvert (16)以-ese结尾,读/i:s/或/i:z/的词汇:

Chinese Japanese Napalese sudanese telegraphese vietnamese (17)以-clude结尾,读音为/klu:d/的动词:

25