中国科学院博士研究生入学考试英语试卷构成

试卷一：小计 110分钟 65分

Ⅰ 词汇 15分钟 10分 Ⅱ 完形填空 15分钟 15分 Ⅲ 阅读 80分钟 40分 试卷二：小计 70分钟 35分

Ⅳ 英译汉 30分钟 15分 ⅴ 写作 40分钟 20分

2006年3月

PAPER ONE

PART I VOCABULARY (15 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 point each)

1. The problem is that most local authorities lack the to deal sensibly in this market. A. anticipation B. perception C. prospect D. expertise

2. Awards provide a(n) for young people to improve their skills. A. incentive B. initiative C. fugitive D. captive

3. The profit motive is inherently with principles of fairness and equity. A. in line B. in trade C. at times D. at odds

4. Oil is derived from the of microscopic sea creatures, and is even older, according to most geologists.

A. layouts B. reminders C. remains D. leftovers

5. Successful students sometimes become so with grades that they never enjoy their school years. A. passionate B. involved C. immersed D. obsessed

6. Apparently there were between police reports taken from the same witnesses at different times. A. distortions B. discrepancies C. disorders D. distractions

7. It had been a terrible afternoon for Jane, at about six o?clock in her father?s sudden collapse into unconsciousness.

A. converging B. culminating C. finalizing D. releasing 8. The 12-year-old civil war had 1.5 million lives. A. declared B. proclaimed C. claimed D. asserted

9. The tribe has agreed to contribute 2 percent of net to charitable activities in the county. A. expenses B. revenues C. budgets D. payments

10. This will make schools more directly and effectively to parents, and more responsive to their criticisms and wishes.

A. accountable B. submitted C. subjected D. available

11. Make up your mind that whatever the short-term temptations may be, you will never from the highest standards of honor.

A. deviate B. escape C. derive D. refrain

12. They teach the vocabulary of the English used in computer science, which is also listed in the glossary.

A. in sum B. in total C. in general D. in full

13. This brings a feeling of emptiness that can never be filled and leaves us with a for more. A. scarcity B. command C. hunger D. request

14. Job fairs are usually very lively and informal, and you can roam , surveying what is on offer and gathering literature on jobs you might not have considered in the everyday run of things.

A. at peace B. at leisure C. at rest D. at speed

15. The closest to English and Welsh grammar schools are called grammar secondary schools; they can, however, accept some fee-paying pupils.

A. equality B. equation C. equivalent D. equity

16. At first the university refused to purchase the telescope, but this decision was_____ revised. A. consecutively B. consequently C. successively D. subsequently

17. He us as consistently fair and accurate about the issues we are concerned about. A. confuses B. regards C. strikes D. knocks

18. The water was so clear that it the trees on the river bank. A. shadowed B. shaded C. represented D. reflected

19. Some 121 countries may be designated“developing”, and of this 121, seventeen countries_______more than four-fifths of energy consumption.

A. amount to B. account for C. add up D. take away

20. The researchers found the age at which young people first fall to bullies seems to determine how much it affects them.

A. sacrifice B. short C. witness D. victim PART Ⅱ CLOZE TEST (15 minutes, 15 points)

Given the choice between spending an evening with friends and taking extra time for his schoolwork, Andy Klise admits he would probably 21 for the latter. It?s not that he doesn?t like to have fun; it?s just that his desire to excel 22 drives his decision-making process. A 2001 graduate of Wooster High School and now a senior biology major at The College of Wooster, Klise acknowledges that he may someday have 23 thoughts about his decision to limit the time he has spent 24 , but for now, he is comfortable with the choices he has made. “If things had not 25 out as well as they have, I would have had some regrets,” says Klise, who was a Phi Beta Kappa inductee as a junior. “But spending the extra time studying has been well worth the 26 . I realized early on that to be successful, I had to make certain 27 .”

28 the origin of his intense motivation, Klise notes that it has been part of his makeup for as long as he can remember. “I?ve always been goal 29 ,” he says. “This internal drive has caused me to give my all 30 pretty much everything I do.”

Klise 31 Wooster?s nationally recognized Independent Study (I.S.) program with preparing him for his next 32 in life: a research position with the National Institute of Health (NIH).“I am hoping that my I.S. experience will help me 33 a research position with NIH,” says Klise. “The yearlong program gives students a chance to work with some of the nation?s 34 scientists while making the 35 from undergraduate to graduate studies or a career in the medical field.”

21. A. intend B. prefer C. opt D. search

22.A. academically B. professionally C. socially D. technically 23.A. different B. certain C. second D. other

24.A. entertaining B. socializing C. enjoying D. sporting 25.A. developed B. appeared C. occurred D. worked

26.A. investment B. reward C. payment D. compensation 27.A. devotions B. concessions C. sacrifices D. attempts 28. A. Besides B. As for C. Out of D. Despite 29.A. directed B. oriented C. conducted D. guided 30.A. about B. with C. at D. in

31.A. credits B. registers C. selects D. observes 32. A. run B. step C. pace D. leap

33.A. hold B. occupy C. anchor D. land

34.A. leading B. advanced C. nominated D. marvelous 35. A. achievement B. transition C. position D. vocation PART Ⅲ READING COMPREHENSION Section A (60 minutes, 30 points)

Passage One

She?s cute, no question. Symmetrical features, flawless skin, looks to be 22 years old—entering any meat-market bar, a woman lucky enough to have this face would turn enough heads to stir a breeze. But when Victor Johnston points and clicks, the face on his computer screen changes into a state of superheated, crystallized beauty. “You can see it. It?s just so extraordinary,” says Johnston, a professor of biopsychology at New Mexico State University who sounds a little in love with his creation.

The transformation from pretty woman to knee-weakening babe is all the more amazing because the

changes wrought by Johnston?s software are, objectively speaking, quite subtle. He created the original face by digitally averaging 16 randomly selected female Caucasian faces. The changing program then exaggerated the ways in which female faces differ from male faces, creating, in human-beauty-science field, a“hyper-female”. The eyes grew a bit larger, the nose narrowed slightly and the lips plumped. These are shifts of just a few millimeters, but experiments in this country and Scotland are suggesting that both males and females find“feminized”versions of averaged faces more beautiful.

Johnston hatched this little movie as part of his ongoing study into why human beings find some people attractive and others homely. He may not have any rock-solid answers yet, but he is far from alone in attempting to apply scientific inquiry to so ambiguous a subject. Around the world, researchers are marching into territory formerly staked out by poets and painters to uncover the underpinnings of human attractiveness.

The research results so far are surprising—and humbling. Numerous studies indicate that human beauty may not be simply in the eye of the beholder or an arbitrary cultural artifact. It may be ancient and universal, wrought through ages of evolution that rewarded reproductive winners and killed off losers. If beauty is not truth, it may be health and fertility: Halle Berry?s flawless skin may fascinate moviegoers because, at some deep level, it persuades us that she is parasite-free.

Human attractiveness research is a relatively young and certainly contentious field—the allure of hyper-females, for example, is still hotly debated—but those on its front lines agree on one point: We won?t conquer “looks-ism” until we understand its source. As psychologist Nancy Etcoff puts it:“The idea that beauty is unimportant or a cultural construct is the real beauty myth. We have to understand beauty, or we will always be enslaved by it.”

36.The woman described in the very beginning of the text is . A. in fact in her late twenties B. Johnston?s ideal girlfriend C. a stunning beauty D. is a professional prostitute

37. Victor Johnston synthesized a new face by combining the features of 16 . A. beautiful European women B. different women around the world C. casually chosen white women D. ordinary western women

38. Through a few tiny changes made by Johnston, the synthesized face became even more . A. masculine B. average C. feminine D. neutral

39.Victor Johnston has produced such an attractive face in order to . A. give his computer a beautiful screen B. study the myth of human attractiveness C. prove the human capacity to create beauties D. understand why Caucasian faces are special

40. Paragraph 4 suggests that human beauty may be . A. culturally different B. a disease-free idol

C. individual-dependent D. a world agreed value

41.It?s a consensus among the researchers that humans are still unconscious of . A. why they look attractive B. when attractiveness is important C. how powerful beauty is D. what constitutes beauty

Passage Two

It?s becoming something of a joke along the Maine-Canada border. So many busloads of retired people crisscross the line looking for affordable drugs that the roadside stands should advertise, “Lobsters. Blueberries. Lipitor. Coumalin.” Except, of course, that such a market in prescription drugs would be illegal.

These senior long-distance shopping sprees fall in a legal gray zone. But as long as people cross the border with prescriptions from a physician and have them filled for no more than a three-month supply for personal use, customs and other federal officials leave them alone. The trip might be tiring, but people can save an average of 60 percent on the cost of their prescription drugs. For some, that?s the difference between taking the drugs or doing without. “The last bus trip I was on six months ago had 25 seniors,” says Chellie Pingree, former Maine state senator and now president of Common Cause.“Those 25 people saved $19,000 on their supplies of drugs.” Pingree sponsored Maine RX, which authorizes a discounted price on drugs for Maine residents who