年产15万吨硫酸工艺设计

Process Design of Annually Output of 150,000 Tons Sulfuric

Acid

目 录

摘要 ................................................................................................................ IAbstract ...................................................................................................... II第1章 文献综述 ....................................................................................... 1

1.1 概述 .................................................................................................... 11.1.1 硫酸的性质及基本用途 ................................................................. 11.1.2 我国硫酸工业的发展状况 ............................................................. 11.1.3 硫酸在国民经济中的重要性 ......................................................... 21.2 设计规模和规格 ................................................................................ 21.2.1 设计规模 ......................................................................................... 21.2.2 产品及规格 ..................................................................................... 21.3生产路线选择论证 ............................................................................. 31.3.1 硫磺制取硫酸主流程方块图 ......................................................... 31.3.2 硫磺中杂质对制酸工艺的影响 ..................................................... 31.3.3 硫磺制酸与硫铁矿制酸的优缺点比较 ......................................... 4

第2章 工艺技术方案.............................................................................. 6

2.1 重点设计工序的生产基本原理 ........................................................ 62.1.1 最佳温度的选择 ............................................................................. 72.1.2 SO2最适宜浓度的选择 ................................................................... 72.1.3 催化剂的选择 ................................................................................. 7

2.2 重点设计工序的生产方法选择论证 ................................................ 82.2.1 干吸流程的选择论证 ..................................................................... 82.2.2 转化流程的选择论证 ................................................................... 102.2.3 硫磺制酸的废热利用 ................................................................... 122.3 设备选择论证 .................................................................................. 122.3.1 废热锅炉的选择 ........................................................................... 122.3.2 焚硫炉的设计 ............................................................................... 122.3.3 转化器的选择 ............................................................................... 132.3.4 酸冷却器 ....................................................................................... 132.3.6 过热器 ........................................................................................... 132.3.7 硫酸生产中的三废治理 ............................................................... 14

第3章 工艺计算 ..................................................................................... 15

3.1物料衡算 ........................................................................................... 153.1.1 已知条件 ....................................................................................... 153.1.2 系统物料衡算 ............................................................................... 153.1.3 空气干燥 ..................................................................................... 183.2 焚硫 .................................................................................................. 223.2.1 炉气量 ........................................................................................... 223.2.2 进口量 ........................................................................................... 223.2.3 焚硫炉 ........................................................................................... 223.3 一次转化 .......................................................................................... 233.3.1 计算并绘制平衡曲线 ................................................................... 233.3.2 绘制最适宜温度曲线 ................................................................. 243.3.3 绝热操作线 ................................................................................... 253.3.4 转化率的分配 ............................................................................... 263.3.5 一转各段进出口物料衡算 ........................................................... 273.4 第一吸收塔 ...................................................................................... 283.5 二次转化 ........................................................................................ 303.5.1 绘制平衡曲线 ............................................................................... 303.5.2 绘制最适宜温度曲线 ................................................................... 31

3.5.3 绝热操作线 ................................................................................... 323.5.4 二转各段进出口物料平衡 ........................................................... 323.6 换热器及换热面积的计算 .............................................................. 333.6.1 高温过热器 ................................................................................... 333.6.2 第Ⅰ换热器 ................................................................................... 343.6.3 第Ⅱ换热器 ................................................................................... 353.6.4 第Ⅰ省煤器 ................................................................................... 353.6.5 第Ⅰ低温过热器 ........................................................................... 363.6.6 第Ⅱ低温过热器 ........................................................................... 373.6.7 第Ⅱ省煤器 ................................................................................... 373.7 第二吸收塔 ...................................................................................... 383.8 吸收水平衡 ...................................................................................... 40

结 论 .......................................................................................................... 42致 谢 ............................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。参考文献 ..................................................................................................... 43附 录 .......................................................................................................... 45