[练习] 用tired短语的适当形式填空。

1). My eyes ______ ______ ______ reading in a poor light. 2). I ______ ______ ______ watching television; let’ s go for a walk. 3). I ______ ______ ______. Can we stop for a rest?

Keys: 1). were tired from 2). am tired of 3). am tired/worn out

2. ought to aux. 应当；应该(没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形) [典例]

1). They ought to come tomorrow. 他们明天应当来。

2). He thought that they ought to take part in the design. 他认为他们应当参加设计。 3). He ought not to do it. / He oughtn’ t to do it.（否定形式）他不应该做这件事。 4). Ought we to do it at once?（疑问式）我们应该马上做这件事吗？ [练习] 按要求填空或翻译。

1). He ought to be here, __________ he? (反意疑问句)

2). I’ m sorry. I ____________________ (本应该先给你打个电话) to tell you 1 was coming． 3). I ______________________ (本不该拜访) her, but I missed her so much.

Keys: 1). shouldn’ t / oughtn’ t 2). should / ought to have phoned 3). shouldn’ t / ought not

to have visited

3. lose weight体重减轻；减肥 [典例]

She is trying to lose weight. 她在努力减肥。 [短语归纳] weight短语及lose短语： put on weight（指人）增加体重，长胖 /某人如释重负 lost heart 泄气；灰心 上；锺情於……

lose one’ s life 丧生；遇害

lose one’ s balance 失去平衡

lose one’ s head 昏了头，张皇失措，冲动 lose one’ s job 失业

lose one’ s heart (to sb/sth): fall in love 爱

be/take a weight/load off sb’ s mind使自己

lose one’ s breath气喘嘘嘘；上气不接下气 lose one’ s temper发脾气

lose touch (with sb/sth) 失去和某人/事物

lose one’ s way: become lost 迷路 的联系

lose interest in sth/sb 对某事物/人失去兴趣 或未考虑某事物 lose face 丢脸

lose sight of sb/sth 看不见某人/物；忽略

[练习] 用weight短语及lose短语的适当形式填空或填介词。 1). He’ s ______ ______ ______ since he gave up smoking.

2). Paying my mortgage was an enormous weight ______ (介词) my mind! 3). I’ ve ______ ______ ______ all my old friends. 4). Don’ t ______ ______ ______ --- keep calm!

Keys: 1). put on weight 2). off 3). lost touch with 4). lose your head

4. get away with 偷携某物潜逃；受到（较轻的惩罚）或逃避惩罚 [典例]

1) They raided the bank and got away with a lot of money. 他们抢劫银行, 掠走了大批现款。 2) If you cheat in the exam you'll never get away with it. 考试作弊必予追究。 3). Nobody gets away with insulting me like that. 这样侮辱我的人, 我是不会放过的. [短语归纳] get词组：

get down to 认真静下心（工作）

get on well with 相处融洽；(工作的) 进展好 get up 起床；起身 get over 克服，熬过，恢复

get through 接通电话；办完；完成 get down to 认真地静下心(工作) [练习] 用get词组填空。

1). To my surprise, the baby wolf ______ ______ ______ the dogs and then managed to survive. 2). She never arrives on time at the office, but she somehow managed to _____ _____ _____ it. 3). Well, stop chatting. It’ s time we ______ ______ ______ some serious work. 4). The news was a terrible blow to her, but she will ______ ______ the shock soon. Keys: 1). got on well with 2). get away with 3). get down to 4). get over

5. tell a lie = tell lies 说谎

[典例] It’ s not right to tell a lie. 撒谎是不对的。 [短语归纳] tell短语和习语： tell jokes/ a joke讲笑话

tell (sb.) a story给某人讲故事

to tell (you) the truth 说实话(用以引出自白或承认的话 tell A from B: distinguish A from B 辨认A和B；辨别tell/know A and B apart 将A和B辨别开来 谁也不知道

there is no telling: it is impossible to know 不可能知道 I told you (so) 我提醒过你要出事；我早就跟你说过 [练习] 用tell词组填空。

1). ______ ______ ______ ______, I fell asleep in the middle and didn’ t know how the story ended.

2). Can you _____ Tom _____ his twin brother? 3). There’ s no ______ (tell) what may happen.

Keys: 1). To tell the truth 2). tell; from 3). telling

6. earn one’ s living = make one’s/a living 谋生 [典例]

1). They began to eam their living when they were very young. 他们很年轻的时候，就开始谋生了。

2). I earn my living by teaching English in the middle schoo1. 我靠在中学教英语谋生。 [练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。

1). He had to ______ ______ ______ by delivering newspaper in his youth. 2). He earned his living ______（介词）a fisherman. 3). 这个小孩从10岁开始就自己谋生。

________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). earn his living 2). as 3). This poor child began to make his living at the age of ten.

7. in debt 欠债

tell you what 我说 (用以提出建议)

you can never tell

[典例]

1). They are in heavy debt to the Bank of China. 他们欠中国银行很多钱。

2). You saved my life: I am forever in your debt. 你救了我的命: 我永远感恩不尽。 [短语归纳] debt短语和 “in + n.” 表示“在……（情况、状况、状态）中”： get/run into debt 欠债；负责 高筑债台

in danger 在危险中

in trouble陷入困

out of debt不欠债

run up huge debts

pay off one’ s debts还清债务 境，倒霉 in order 井井有条 开

in surprise 吃惊 in public 当众，公

in ruins 呈废墟状态 in sight 看见 in silence沉默着

[练习] 根据句子意思用debt短语和 “in + n.” 结构填空。 1). He ______ ______ ______ after he was out of work.

2). He did all he could to ______ ______ ______ ______ in five years.

3). He was ______ ______ when he was young, but has been ______ ______ ______ since he got rich.

4). James was ______ _______, but I don’t know how to help him out. 5). After the war, the whole city was _______ _______.

Keys: 1). ran/got into debt 2). pay off his debts 3). in debt; out of debt 4). in trouble 5). in ruins

8. before long 不久以后 [典例]

The dictionary will be published before long. 这本词典不久就要出版。 [重点用法]

long before 很久以前

long ago 很久以前

[练习] 根据句子意思填空。 1). That happened ______ ______. 2). I’ ve seen that film ______ ______.

3). His plan seemed to be too difficult, but ______ ______ it proved to be practicable. Keys: 1). long ago 2). long before 3). before long

Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）

1. Nothing could be better. 没有什么比这更好的了。 [解释] 此句中用比较级的否定形式表示最高级的含义。如： Nobody loves you more than I do. 没有比我更爱你的人了。

I’ ve never heard a more beautiful voice. 我从没有听过更动听的嗓子。 [练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。 1). 他从来没有看过一部更令人激动的电影了。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2). 没有什么比旅游更令人愉快。

________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). He had never watched a more exciting movie. 2). Nothing is more pleasant than traveling.

2. Something terrible must have happened if Maochang was not coming to eat with his as he always did. 要是李昌不像往常那样到他店里吃饭，那问题一定严重了。 [解释] 情态动词 + have done

1). 情态动词must +have done只用于肯定句中，表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行肯定的推测，意为“过去一定做过某事”。

It must have rained last night, for the road is wet. 昨天晚上一定是下雨了，因为路还湿着。 You must have seen the film the Gold Rush. 你肯定看过电影《淘金热》。

2). 情态动词can／could可用于否定句中，即can’ t have done ／couldn’ t have done，表示对过去发生的事情或状态的肯定的推测，意为“过去不可能做过，肯定没做过”。 My sister met him at the theatre last night, so he couldn’ t have attended your lecture. 我姐姐昨天晚上在电影院遇见了他，所以他肯定没参加你的演讲．

3). 此外，can／could have done还可用于疑问句中表示对过去发生的事情或状态的不太有把握的推测，常表示“过去可能做过吗?”(注意：表推测的情态动词只有can／could常用于疑问句中)