夫人之相与，俯仰一世，或取诸怀抱，悟言一室之内；或因寄所托，放浪形骸之外。虽趣舍万殊，静躁不同，当其欣于所遇，暂得于己，快然自足，不知老之将至。及其所之既倦，情随事迁，感慨系之矣。向之所欣，俯仰之间，已为陈迹，犹不能不以之兴怀。况修短随化，终期于尽。题型组合练(二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(社会生活)
(2016·福州模拟)
If you are interested in the news，it means you care about what is happening in your community and the world.But sometimes news can be upsetting.If you find out about sad news and it makes you feel worried or upset，what should you do? Dr.Harold Koplewicz，President of the Child Mind Institute，has some suggestions.
Sometimes，the news you watch on TV is not completely accurate.The news on TV is fast－paced.When bad news affects our nation，all of us need time to understand and process it.Your parents and your teachers can be your first sources to get information.
Even someone who is as strong and powerful as President Barack Obama weeps when he's very sad.It's part of being a human that sad events make us feel sad.That doesn't mean that we need to fall_apart．It means that we just have to admit that we're sad and move forward.
People respond in different ways when facing sad news.There are certain kids who are very private and don't want anyone to see how they feel.But if you feel worried，talk to your parents and teachers，which can help you feel more comfortable.
If you still feel very nervous，another way to feel better is to take part in activities that are helpful to others.Go with your parents to the children's welfare institutions，or think of ways that you or your class can help others.
On the other hand，remember to go to sleep at the right time，play with your friends or go to the movies.It is okay to feel sad，but it's not good to stop doing the things you usually do.
新闻对孩子会产生影响。对于孩子接触到负面新闻而变得情绪低落、忧虑这一问题，本文给出了相关建议。
1．The passage is written for________． A．news reporters C．teachers
B．school kids D．parents
B [推理判断题。根据第一段中Dr.Harold Koplewicz的身份是 President of the Child Mind Institute以及第二段中的“Your parents and your teachers can be your first sources to get information.”可知，本文的阅读对象应该是孩子。]
2．What does the underlined phrase “fall apart” mean in Paragraph 3?
夫人之相与，俯仰一世，或取诸怀抱，悟言一室之内；或因寄所托，放浪形骸之外。虽趣舍万殊，静躁不同，当其欣于所遇，暂得于己，快然自足，不知老之将至。及其所之既倦，情随事迁，感慨系之矣。向之所欣，俯仰之间，已为陈迹，犹不能不以之兴怀。况修短随化，终期于尽。A．Cheer up. B．Ask for help. C．Stop being nervous. D．Have a mental breakdown.
D [词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“It means that we just have to admit that we're sad and move forward.”并结合上下文语境可推断出，fall apart是指“精神崩溃”的意思。]
3．What can be inferred from the passage? A. More sleep is helpful for sad people. B．To admit we are sad will leave us nervous. C．Don't let sadness disturb your normal life. D．Children should not watch too much news.
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It is okay to feel sad，but it's not good to stop doing the things you usually do.”可知，即便是悲伤的时候，也不要打乱自己的生活规律。]
B(生态环保)
(2016·南昌三校联考)
Even before there were people，there were cases of air pollution.There were dust storms.Volcanoes erupted，sending ash and poisonous gases into the atmosphere.When people appeared on the scene and began their conquest of nature，they also began to pollute the air.They cleared land，which made possible even larger dust storms.They built cities，and the soot(煤烟) from their hearths filled the air.The Roman author Seneca wrote in AD 61 of the “stink，soot and heavy air” of the imperial city.In 1257，the Queen of England was forced to move away from the city of Nottingham because the heavy smoke was unbearable.The industrial revolution brought even worse air pollution.Coal was burned to power factories and to heat homes.Soot，smoke，and sulfur dioxide(二氧化硫) fill the air.
The good old days? Not in the factory towns.But there were large rural areas unaffected by air pollution.
With increasing population，the entire world is becoming more urban.It is the huge cities that are most affected by air pollution.But rural areas are not unaffected.In the neighborhoods around smoky factories，there is evidence of increased rates of spontaneous abortion(自然流产) and of poor wool quality in sheep，decreased egg production and a high death rate in chickens.
夫人之相与，俯仰一世，或取诸怀抱，悟言一室之内；或因寄所托，放浪形骸之外。虽趣舍万殊，静躁不同，当其欣于所遇，暂得于己，快然自足，不知老之将至。及其所之既倦，情随事迁，感慨系之矣。向之所欣，俯仰之间，已为陈迹，犹不能不以之兴怀。况修短随化，终期于尽。Traffic police in Tokyo have to wear gas masks and take “oxygen breaks”— breathing occasionally from tanks of oxygen.Smog in Athens at times has forced factory closings and traffic restrictions.Acid rain in Canada is caused by air pollution in the United States，contributing to strained relationships between the two countries.Sydney，Rome，Tehran，Ankara，Mexico City，and most other major cities in the world have had frightening experiences of air pollution.
One of the two major types of smog－consisting of smoke，fog，sulfur dioxide，sulfuring acid (H2SO4)，ash and soot－is called London smog.Indeed，the word smog is thought to have originated in England in 1905 as a contraction of the words “smoke” and “fog”．
Probably the worst case of smog in history started in London on Thursday，4 December，1952.A large cold air mass moved into the valley of the Thames River.A temperature inversion placed a blanket of warm air over the cold air.With nightfall，a dense fog and below－freezing temperatures caused the people of London to put coal into their small stoves.Millions of these fires burned throughout the night，pouring sulfur dioxide and smoke into the air.The next day，Friday，the people continued to burn coal when the temperature remained below freezing.The factories added their smoke and chemical fumes to the atmosphere.
Saturday was a day of darkness.For twenty miles around London，no light came through the smog.The air was cold and still.And the coal fires continued to burn throughout the weekend.On Monday，8 December，more than one hundred people died of heart attacks while trying desperately to breathe.By the time a breeze cleared the air on Tuesday，9 December，more than 4，000 deaths had been caused by the smog.
Soot and ash can be removed by electrostatic precipitators(静电吸尘器)．Unfortunately，they use large amounts of electricity，and the electrical energy，which is hardly affordable for most of us，has to come from somewhere.Fly ash removed from the air has to be put on the land or water，although it could be used in some way.
The elimination(去除) of sulfur dioxide is more difficult.Low－sulfur coal is rare and expensive.Although sulfur can be washed from finely pulverized(粉末化) coal，the process is expensive.There are also processes for changing dirty coal into clean liquid and gaseous fuels.These processes may hold promise for the future，but they are too expensive to compete economically with other fuels at present.They also waste a part of the coal's energy.