考前冲刺卷(一)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Dave Bruno works as an online marketing manager.Several years ago，one weekend Bruno and his family did a major house clean-up and then donated several bags of unneeded items to the local Goodwill store.“After all were done，I looked around and realized that I still had too much stuff，”says Bruno，“It occurred to me that maybe I wanted to lead a simple life but in reality I behaved differently.”That realization prompted the 39-year-old father of three to try an experiment“The 100 Things Challenge”．
With the goal of breaking free of what he calls a “bad habit of consumerism”，Bruno was determined to live for one year with just 100 personal items.He cut down his possessions to 94 items，including a Bible，laptop，guitar，wedding ring，car and clothes.He created some guidelines for the experiment since his wife and daughters did not participate，family-shared and household items did not count as personal items.He also grouped together some basic things such as underwear and socks.Bruno began blogging about his new lifestyle and eventually wrote a book，The 100 Things Challenge：How I Got Rid of Almost Everything，Remade My Life，and Regained My Soul.
Since completing the experiment，Bruno has continued to live by the motto：reduce，refuse，and rearrange and maintains just 100 personal things.“Nearly three years of living with a minimal amount of personal possessions，I’m no longer in the habit of consuming for the sake of consumption(消费)，”he wrote in his blog last week，“That has freed me up for all sorts of better endeavors than shopping—like spending time with family and writing a book and planning for business opportunities.”
Bruno’s project has also inspired others to live minimally，many of whom post their own 100 Things Challenge updates on YouTube.“The reality is that the 100 Things Challenge is surprisingly easy，” says Bruno，“I’m not saying there were no challenges or disappointments.I miss some things，but not that much.Frankly，it’s far easier to live with less stuff than with excessive trash.”
1．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 1? A．Bruno regretted to have an easy life.
B．Bruno had a special behavior in reality. C．Bruno and his family led a happy life.
D．Bruno would have liked a life with fewer items. 答案 D
解析 句意猜测题。根据下文The 100 Things Challenge可知画线句表示Bruno原本想日常生活中用更少的东西，过简单的生活，故选D。
2．The things were included in Bruno’s 94 items EXCEPT . A．socks C．cookers 答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“He cut down his possessions to 94 items，including a Bible，laptop，guitar，wedding ring，car and clothes.”知只有炊具没有提到，故选C。 3．It can be inferred in the last paragraph that . A．it is less possible for people to live simply B．Bruno met some difficulties in the experiment C．many people were inspired to update their blogs D．getting rid of the habit of over-consumption is easy 答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I’m not saying there were no challenges or disappointments.”可知Bruno在实验中也遇到了一些困难，故选B。 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Live with 100 Things B．Defeat 100 Challenges in Life C．Survive by Your Motto
D．Consume for Consumption’s Sake 答案 A
解析 标题归纳题。根据短文的内容主要叙述了Bruno做实验用100项的生活用品，来进行简朴的生活，故选A。
B
The United States is faced with serious traffic problems.Too many cars travel on the freeways to and from the city.This heavy traffic causes delays and lots of pollution from cars that are using their engines but not moving anywhere.Many cars going nowhere is called a “traffic jam”． While many cities in the United States have traffic problems，some of the worst are in Los Angeles，California.Los Angeles is a big city with a large downtown area.One of the reasons why there is so much traffic is that few people use public transportation to get around.
B．a Bible D．a wedding ring
Experts say one possible solution to the traffic problem in Los Angeles would be to make people want to use the public transportation system of buses instead of their own cars.People say the buses should be made easier，faster，less costly and more dependable than driving a car. One suggestion is to reduce the cost of riding the bus.People who usually drive their cars could save a lot of money on gas and parking costs.Also，Los Angeles could make the buses easier for people to use.The buses could travel to more places in the city.And there could be more special lanes on the freeways that only buses could drive in.These changes would make taking the bus faster and easier than driving a car.
Other experts have said that the best way to ease traffic problems is to charge people money to drive on the freeways.These charges，or tolls，would be for the most crowded roads.The tolls would be in effect during the times of day when most people drive to work and home again.These times in the morning and late afternoon are called “rush hour”．People would try to avoid driving on these roads，which would decrease the amount of traffic.Also，the money collected from these tolls could be used to improve the roads and public transportation system. 5．The passage mainly discusses .
A．different means of transportation of the United States B．possible solutions to solving American traffic problems C．causes of the serious traffic problems in America D．some new laws about American public transportation 答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。本文讲述的是美国针对交通拥挤可能采取的措施，故选B。 6．Which is NOT the effect caused by the heavy traffic? A．Too many private cars. B．Time wasting. C．Serious air pollution. D．Traffic jams. 答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句“This heavy traffic causes delays and lots of pollution from cars...Many cars going nowhere is called a ‘traffic jam’．”可知，交通拥挤可以引起在路上耽误太多的时间、空气污染及交通堵塞等，交通拥挤不能造成私家车太多，故选A。
7．The reason why Los Angeles has some of the worst traffic problems is that . A．there is a lack of public transportation B．the city is big with a large population C．most people like to get around by car
D．many people like to travel there for shopping 答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“One of the reasons why there is so much traffic is that few people use public transportation to get around.”知，洛杉矶交通拥挤问题的原因是很少的人愿意乘坐公交车出门而是开着自家车出门，故选C。 8．One of the ways the experts suggest is that . A．people should avoid driving to work and home
B．more roads should be built for the increasing private cars
C．people should be charged on the most crowded roads during rush hour D．more special lanes on the freeways should be marked out for private cars 答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段前四句“...the best way to ease traffic problem is to charge people money to drive on the free ways.These charges，or tolls，would be for the most crowded roads...are called ‘rush hour’．”知专家建议在上下班高峰期的繁忙路段进行收费是控制私家车数量的方法之一，故选C。
C
Dr.Wiseman started “the laugh lab” project in September 2001.It is the largest study of humour.Participants are invited to log on to the laugh lab website，give a few personal details，tell their favourite jokes and judge the jokes told by other people.
The project will last for a year，and the organizers hope to finally discover the world’s funniest joke.But there is also a serious purpose.The researchers want to know what people from different nations and cultures find funny.And they want to find out the differences between the male and female sense of humour.The idea is that if we want to understand each other，we have to find out what makes us laugh.
This is a subject that has long attracted psychologists and philosophers.Most of the time，people are not completely honest.We do things that society expects us to and say things that help us get what we want.But laughing cannot be controlled.When we laugh，we tell the truth about ourselves.By December 2001 over 10,000 jokes had been submitted.This gave the scientists enough evidence to make early conclusions.It seems that men and women do have different senses of humour，for instance.
“Our findings show the major differences in the ways in which males and females use humour，” said Dr.Wiseman.“Males use humour to appear superior to others，while women are more skilled in languages and prefer word play.”
Researchers also found that there really is such a thing as a national sense of humour.The British enjoy what is usually called “toilet humour”．But the French like their jokes short and sharp：
“You’re a high priced lawyer.Will you answer two questions for 500？” “Yes.What’s the second question？”
The Germans are famous for not having a sense of humour.But the survey found that German participants were more likely to find submitted jokes funny than any other nationality.Perhaps that proves the point.Is this joke funny？I don’t know，but let’s say yes，just to be safe.
Dr.Wiseman and his workmates also submitted jokes created by computer.But none of those who took part in the survey found any of them amusing.Perhaps this is relief.Computers already seem like they can do everything.At least they should leave the funny stuff to us. 9．Scientist started “the laugh lab” project . A．to find the funniest joke in European countries
B．to know what funny people are like from different nations and cultures C．to find out the differences between the male and female sense of humour D．to get more personal details about participants 答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“And they want to find out the differences between the male and female sense of humour.”可知，他们要找出女性和男性幽默感的不同，故选C。 10．We can infer from the passage that . A．most of the people all over the world are completely honest
B．psychologists and philosophers take interest in “the laugh lab” project C．ordinary people are not interested in “the laugh lab” project at all D．people tell the truth about themselves only when they laugh 答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中“This is a subject that has long attracted psychologists and philosophers.”可知，故选B。
11．According to the passage，we can safely say that . A．jokes created by computer are less appealing to people B．men and women have similar senses of humour
C．the project lasted from September,2001 to December,2001 D．scientists have collected enough evidence to make final conclusions 答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Dr.Wiseman and his workmates also submitted jokes created by computer.But none of those who took part in the survey found any of them amusing.”可知，由计算机制造的笑话不吸引人，故选A。
12．The writer gave the examples of the British，the French and the Germans . A．to show the French people have a better sense of humour