Introduction To My Hometown 陕西概况
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A Survey Of Shaanxi
位置和地理特点(Location And Geographical Features) ? 历史(History) ? 农业(Agriculture) ? 工业(Industry) ? 旅游业(Tourism)
? 自然和矿产资源(Natural Resources Mineral Deposits) ? 科技和教育(Science Technology And Education)
LOCATION AND GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES 陕西省 is situated in the center of China. The geological center point of whole China is just located with in Jingyang County. The province is 1,000 kilometers long from the north down to the south and 360 kilometers wide from the east to the west. Adjacent to山西,河南,湖北,四川,甘肃,宁夏and内蒙古, 陕西 serves as the vital communication junction to link the eastern and central parts of China with the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The province covers an area of 205,600 square km2, and is divided into three natural areas from the north to the south, namely黄土高 原,关中平原and秦巴山区. HISTORY 陕西 is one of the cradles of the Chinese nation and the birth place of ancient Chinese civilization. 南田猿人lived and settled down here about 1,000, 000 years ago.半坡人who lived to the east of Xi'an city about 6,000 years ago left a complete primitive village site of the matriarchal clan community at its flourishing time. Located at Huangling county,陕西省, the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor who was the ancestor of the Chinese Nation represents the ancient Chinese history. 陕西was the political, economic and cultural center of China before the 10th century. About 13 dynasties from 周,秦,汉,隋and唐,etc., set up their capitals here totaling for more than 1,100 years. During汉and唐period, the capital长安 was the starting point of \丝绸之路\trade center, as well as the juncture of the Chinese and Western civilization. 盛唐文化had very deep influence ??? page 1 Introduction To My Hometown upon China even the whole world. The ancient长安was the token of China opening to the outside world. After宋,元,明and清dynasties, the Chinese political and economic center moved eastward, but西安still served as a crucial city of Northwest China. AGRICULTURE 陕西is one of the major agricultural bases in China , with 3.521 million hectares of arable land and 3.535 million hectares of grassland. Since the reform and opening to the outside world started in 1978, the yearly average growth in agriculture is 5.7%; the grass grain output capability has remained a steady level of over 10,000,000 tons. Diversified economy had developed in a rapid pace. The development of farming forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production and fishery had taken place in a simultaneous and coordinated way. Up till now, the agricultural bases for the cash crops have been set up to produce谷物, 油, 棉花, 烟叶, 水果, 茶叶, 短腿羊, 秦川牛, 蚕茧, 绵羊and羊毛. Especially the area for apple - growing has expanded to 435,000 hectares, totaling 1.785 million tons, and the area for kiwi planting has increased to 7,300 hectares. The rural enterprises in陕西have developed rapidly in various ways and have become the pillar in the rural economy. In 1994, the total output value of the township enterprises in the province records 55. 22 billion RMB ￥, which took up 78% of the total output value of the rural society, and 30% of the total industrial output value of the whole province. INDUSTRY There are 130,000 industrial enterprises above township level, 405 of which are large and medium-sized ones with 2,000,000 employees. The gross industrial output value has reached 100,640,000 RMB ￥. An industrial system in 140 departments with机械(machinery), 电子(electronics), 纺织(textile) and能源(energy) as its main body has been established ,thus陕西has become an important industrial base in China. ☆ Machine-Building Industry ☆ Electronics Industry ☆ Textile Industry ☆ Energy Industry TOURISM 陕西is a world-known third class are involved in domestic service; more than 2,000 tour guides with languages of English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Korean and Vietnamese. The ancient and cultural city西安is full of various and colorful night recreational activities. The tourist spots in陕西are beautiful and attractive. The big spots in the
province for its most valuable historical relics. Only in 1994, the province has earned over 100 million US dollars foreign exchange for the first time in history from 439,000 tourists. There are 32 tourism agencies of first and second classes; eighty tourism agencies of ??? page 2 Introduction To My Hometown province can be described the top in China. They are: 轩辕黄帝陵, 秦始of the Chinese revolution—延安. In addition, there are also the well known 'Number One Mountain under the Heaven' the first risky mountain in the world-华山. 皇陵, 乾陵, 法门寺,陕西历史博物馆(the oldest, biggest and richest Library in stone). The famous cradle NATURAL RESOURCES MINERAL DEPOSITS 陕西 is abundant in mineral resources , hence the name \cornucopia\Of the 135 kinds of minerals ever struck by human until now, there are 92 sorts whose reserves have been verified, 7 kinds, including, 铼, etc., are ranked the province first in the whole nation. 11 kinds, such as天然气, 钼and汞, are ranked the second. 10 kinds, like煤, 镁and盐are ranked the third. 58 kinds are among the first ten places. In Northern Shaanxi, the proved reserves of coal amount to 953 million tons, and especially神府煤田, whose reserves estimably amount to more than 160 billion tons. In Northern Shaanxi, there is a large-sized天然气deposit with the reserve of 170 billion m3. SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION 陕西 has rich scientific and technological resources. There are nearly 2000 scientific and technological research institutes in various fields in the province with a ready pool of about 780, 000 technicians and engineers. The comprehensive science and technology capability ranks the province third in China. From 1987 to 1994 3,071 scientific and technical achievements were made 471 of which reached the internationally advanced level. Patent applications numbered 12,101, and 6,360 items were authorized patents. There are 47 universities and colleges in the province with 126,900 enrolled students: 7963 postgraduates, and 20,148 full-time teachers in the province. There are 2,829 middle schools with 1,342,400 students and 36,456 primary schools with 4,250,000 students. The ratio of enrollment of school-aged children keeps steady at 98%. There are 41 institutions of higher learning for adults with 36, 200 students as well as 127 secondary vocational school for adults. ??? page 3