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必修一 Unit1 friendship
Language points
1. -ship: friendship championship relationship 2. add up, add up to, add to… , add… to …
add up to join numbers, amount, etc so as to find the total 相加 add up to to amount to 总计达,加起来等于 add to… to increase 增加困难/友谊等
add…to … to put together with something else to increase the number 加,添加 e.g. Add up these figures for me, please.
Every time I add up these figures I get a different answer. The students add up to over 1000 in our school. The money he spent added up to more than $1000.
What he did has added to our difficulties. The bad weather added to our difficulties. Please add something to what I’ve said, John. She added sugar to her tea.
3. upset adj & v. 难过的,不舒服的; 打翻,打乱,使心烦使不舒服 You looked upset –what’s happened?
He was upset at not being invited. He has an upset stomach. He upset his milk.
All my plans were upset by the sudden change in weather.
Try not to upset yourself about losing your job. The news quite upset him. She upset her stomach by eating too much rich food.
4. ignore v. 不顾,不理,忽视 ignorant adj. 愚蠢的 be ignorant of /about 不知道的 You’ve been ignoring me. 你一直不把我放在眼里。
I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼,她根本不理我。 I can’t ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了。 5. calm adj. 平稳,风平浪静& v. 使…平静 It was a beautiful morning, calm and serene. You should keep calm even in face of danger.
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Have a brandy it’ll help to calm you (down).
His rage was soon calmed down by the rustic peace. 乡村的宁静很快使他的怒气平静下来。 I told myself to calm down.
6. have got to / have to 必须,不得不
I’ve got to/ have to go to work by bus tomorrow. (责任或义务) You’ve got to / have to try this new recipe—it’s delicious. (劝告或建议) You haven’t got to take flowers. You don’t have to knock—just walk in. Why have you got to take these tablets? Does she have to stay at home every night? 表示习惯性动作,尤其是当句中含有always, often ,sometimes 等频率副词时,应使用have to
Have got to 很少用于过去时, 而have to 用于过去时, 还可与情态动词、助动词连用，还可用于完成时结构
Did you have to pay a fine? He may have to cancel his plan. These two days I have had to take a rest. 7. concern v. 涉及， 关系到; n.担心
The news concerns your sister. 这则消息和你的姐姐有关。
More than one person has been concerned in this affair. 不只一人牵涉到这件事。 He asked all concerned people to take an active part in the movement.
be concerned about / for /over/ with / that… 担心的，烦恼的，忧虑的,为……担心 be concerned in / with 与……有关连 We are all concerned for his safety. I’m concerned that they may have got lost. as/so far as… is concerned 就……来说/ 而言 As far as I’m concerned, the whole idea is crazy.
As far as I’m concerned you can do what you like. 对我个人来说，你怎么做都可以。
The car is fine as far as the engine is concerned but the bodywork needs a lot of attention.这辆汽车发动机还不错，但车身需要大修。
There is growing concern that they may have been killed.现在越来越担心他们可能已遭杀害。 8. While waling the dog, you were careless and it got loose. When(you are) crossing the road, you should be careful.
The country singers were playing the guitar while (they were ) singing.
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walk the dog 溜狗 walk her to a place 送她去个地方 walk sb home / to school 9. loose adj. 松散的，未固定的，无束缚的，自由的 loosen v. a loose floorboard A piece of stair carpet had come loose.
A loose sweatshirt Somehow the horses had broken loose during the night. Don’t let your dog loose if there are any sheep around.
Do they sell these olives loose? Do you like loose tea or teabags? set sb loose
cut loose 去掉影响 let sb loose on sth 让某人随意做某事 be at a loose end / be at loose ends 无所事事,闲着 loose ends 未完成的部分 loose change 零钱 hang / stay loose 别紧张 10. go through 经历，仔细检查，看一遍，用完 The country has gone through too many wars.经历 I always start the day by going through my mail.仔细查阅 Let’s go through the arguments again.研究
He went through all the money his father gave him.用完 I’ve gone through the elbows of my sweater.磨破
She decided not to go through with the project.她决定不做项目。
11. Do you want to have a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts?定语从句 like 是介词
I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary like most people do. Like 是连词 12. She and her family hid away for two years before they were discovered. Before I could get in a word he had measured me . 不等…就… It will be three years before we meet again. …之后才… It was not long before we discovered the secret. 不久就… Do it now before you forget. 趁着，免得…
13. make her diary her best friend （宾补结构 宾语是什么，怎么样，做什么） make him do the work make him angry let him in 14. hide –hid –hidden vi. & vt.
My girlfriend keeps hiding my cigarrete. Keep sth hidden Hide sth in / under/ behind hide in / behind
Harry hid under the bed until they had gone. He hid the boy behind the door. Hide sb/ sth from sb /sth 藏/ 瞒
an attempt to hide her children from their violent father
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