第23讲 情态动词与虚拟语气经典精讲（下）
开篇语 虚拟语气 第三层次：
省略If的条件句 (Without/But for) 1) Without water, we would die.
—If we had no water, we would die.
2) Without your help, I would have failed in the exam yesterday.
—If you hadn’t helped me, I would have failed in the exam yesterday.
第四层次： 混合虚拟：
1) If I had studied hard before, I would get the good marks now. 2) If I had drunk enough water just now, I would not be thirsty now. 第五层次：
半“虚”半不“虚”： 前“虚”后不“虚”。 题一：
1. I would have attended the party yesterday, but I ____ ill.
A. had fallen B. fell C. would fall have fallen
2. I would lose weight, but I ____ a lot now.
A. eat B. ate C. had eaten would have eaten
前不“虚”后“虚”
3. I fell ill, or/otherwise I ____ the party yesterday.
A. would attend B. would have attended C. had attended attended
4 .I eat a lot, or/otherwise I ____ weight now.
A. would have lost B. would lose C. will lose lose
遵循向过去倒推一个时态原则的虚拟语气： wish引导的虚拟语气：
对现在的虚拟wish + (that) + S+ were/did
对过去的虚拟wish + (that) + S+ had done/could have done 对将来的虚拟wish + (that) + S+ would do
as if/as though引导的虚拟语气：
D.
D.
D.
D.
as if/as though + S + were/did（对现在的虚拟） had done（对过去的虚拟） would do（对将来的虚拟） 题二：
The pencil is in the water as if it ____ broken.
A. were B. was C. had been D. would do
If only 所引导的虚拟语气： If only + S + were/did! had done! would do!
If only I were a child now!/If I hadn’t done that silly thing!
order, demand, advise, suggest, insist, command, require, request等引导的虚拟语气： order + (that) + S + (should) do/be done 题三：
1. I ordered that every student __ school uniforms.
A. wear B. wears C. wore D. must wear 2. I demanded that the patient ____to hospital in no time.
A. send B. sent C. must be sent D. be sent 其中suggest和insist两个词有着特殊性。
3. The puzzled look on his face suggested that he ____ upset.
A. was B. were C. be D. had been 4. The old man insisted that he ____ the accident just now.
A. saw B. see C. should see D. sees 5. We insisted that Tom ____ abroad to further his education in the future. A. send B. be sent C. must be sent D. should send
这类动词的名词形式所引导的从句也遵循同一原则：
6. My suggestion is that he _____ short hair in school.
A. wear B. wears C. must wear D. wore 7. The soldier obeyed the order that he ____ to the front at once.
A. go B. went C. goes D. be gone
较难题：
8. I suggested that the tasks ______ in no time.
A. referred to solve B. referred to solving
C. referred to be solved D. was referred to be solved
较难句型：
It is +adj./n.+ that所引导的虚拟语气：
It is +adj./n.+(that) +S+(should) do/should have done It is important that we should learn English.
It is strange that he should have been late yesterday. It is a pity that we should go to school on Sunday.
特殊虚拟语气句式
would rather + (that) S + did/had done 题四：
I would rather you ____ abroad.
A. go B. went C. will go D. gone
It’s (high, about) time (that) +S + did/should do 题五：
It’s time he ____ to bed.
A. go B. went C. goes D. will go
May所引导的虚拟语气： 1) May you be happy!
2) May you succeed in the future. 3) God bless you!
金题精讲
1. Helen _________ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet. A. shall B. must C. may D. can 2. —Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere. —Well. He _________have gone far—his coat’s still here.
A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t
3. He paid for a seat, when he _________ have entered free.
A. could B. would C. must D. need 4. —Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks. You _________it. I could manage it myself.
A. needn’t do B. needn’t have done C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done
5. If you had mastered enough skills, you ____ the interview tomorrow.
A. would be passed B. would have passed C. would pass D. had passed
6. —“Where have you been?”
—“I got caught in traffic; otherwise _____ sooner.”
A. I would be here B. I have been here C. I had been here D. I would have been here
7. If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic, but it ____ all day. A. rained B. rains C. has rained D. is raining