Unit 4 Book4
7. 国际商业精英 international business élite 8. 少数几位 a handful of 9. 没完没了的认真的讨论 endless earnest discussion 10. 资本、劳动力和技术的流动 flow of capital, labor and technology 11. 最佳地点 the most advantageous locations 12. 全球超级物种 global superspecies 13. 与…渐行渐远 increasingly divorce from 14. 文化断层 cultural fault line 15. 处于…的前沿 at the forefront of 16. 开辟一条通向…的道路 beat a path to 17. 一个创新的卓越环境 a remarkable environment of innovation 18. 根据对各国人口和经济增长的预计
be based on projections of demographic and economic growth
19. 从…脱离 swing away from 20. 低薪流动劳工 low-paid migrant workers 21. 医疗保健体系 health care system 22. 跨国界经营 cross-border business 23. 更别提 let alone 24. 狭隘民族主义 a narrow nationalism
2. Sentence Translation
Huntington argues that Davos Man's global-citizen self-image is starkly at odds with the values of most Americans, who remain deeply committed to their nation. (=亨廷顿提出，达沃斯人以全球公民自居的自我形象，与大多数美国人的价值观完全相悖。)
If the issue is the size of the total pie, globalization has proved a good thing. If the issue is how the pie is divided, if you're in the Western world you could question that.
(=如果问题涉及的是整个蛋糕的大小，那全球化已经被证明是件好事。如果问题在于蛋糕怎么分，而你又是西方人，那你就会质疑全球化。)
The question is whether it will take another 140 years for Davos Man to figure out how to strike the same balance on a global scale.
(=问题是，达沃斯人是否需要再花上140年，才能搞明白如何在全球规模上取得同样的平衡。)
他们都将国籍视为个人选择，而不是由出生地决定的。
(=Both see their identity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth.)
欧洲跨国界经营中还有太多障碍，更别提全球经营了。
(=There are still too many barriers to cross-border business in Europe, let alone the world.)
这听上去也许像狭隘民族主义，但内中确大有学问。
(=That may sound like a narrow nationalism, yet it contains a hidden wisdom.) 随着边界和对国家的认同变得越来越不重要，有些人将此视作威胁，甚至危险。
(=As borders and national identities become less important, some find that threatening
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and even dangerous.)
3. Dictation
Directions: Listen to the following passage and fill in the blanks with the words you hear.
Multiculturalism is a concept with many meanings. But it often refers to ______ (=acceptance) of immigrant and minority groups as distinct communities, distinguishable from the majority population. Like bilingualism, multiculturalism provokes ______ (=debate). Advocates of multiculturalism believe that members of minority groups should enjoy equal rights in American society without giving up their diverse _______ (=ethnic cultures). Multicultural education programs, for instance, strive to teach the content of different cultures, to build ______ (=tolerance) of these cultures, and to eliminate discrimination (歧视). The hope is to enable students to understand how other cultures view the world. Multiculturalists reject the idea of a _____ (=melting pot) and assimilation (同化); they dismiss the idea that national identity must be based on a common heritage and values.
Critics argue that multicultural education _____(=creates conflict) among groups more than it fosters tolerance of one group for another. Cultural pluralism, critics contend, promotes rivalry (敌对) and ____ (=divisions). Moreover, they assert, European traditions remain central to American culture and institutions (风俗). Some critics find multiculturalism a token (象征性的) gesture _____ (=designed) to hide continuing domination of American culture by the majority group. Others argue that _____ (=recognition) of cultural differences and group identities does not help _____ (=address) social and economic disadvantages.
4. Writing Practice
Coherence
A. A brief introduction
Coherence literally means \words and the information they convey -- are related to one another so that readers can follow the flow of thought easily from sentence to sentence, paragraph to paragraph. The problem with the term coherence is that it sounds static, as if coherent writing just sits there sticking together. Coherence in writing actually has a dynamic quality, because it has to do with movement: movement of information and ideas, movement of the reader's changing perceptions and knowledge.
Transitional devices used to achieve coherence
again, also, and, and then, besides, equally important, finally, first, further, furthermore, in addition, in the first place, last, moreover, next, second, still, too 18
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comparison concession also, in the same way, likewise, similarly granted, naturally, of course although, and yet, at the same time, but at the same time, despite that, even so, even though, for all that, however, in contrast, in spite of, instead, nevertheless, notwithstanding, on the contrary, on the other hand, otherwise, regardless, still, though, yet certainly, indeed, in fact, of course after all, as an illustration, even, for example, for instance, in conclusion, indeed, in fact, in other words, in short, it is true, of course, namely, specifically, that is, to illustrate, thus, truly all in all, altogether, as has been said, finally, in brief, in conclusion, in other words, in particular, in short, in simpler terms, in summary, on the whole, that is, therefore, to put it differently, to summarize contrast emphasis example or illustration summary after a while, afterward, again, also, and then, as long as, at last, at length, at that time, before, besides, earlier, eventually, finally, formerly, further, furthermore, in addition, in the first place, in the past, time sequence last, lately, meanwhile, moreover, next, now, presently, second, shortly, simultaneously, since, so far, soon, still, subsequently, then, thereafter, too, until, until now, when B. Samples
Sample 1: Paragraph Coherence
It is also possible to claim that information technology is playing an increasingly vital role in education. One way this happens is that more and more academic books are generated electronically and in consequence many students are using computers to study. An additional point is that computer technology is frequently used by students to make presentations both to their peers and professors. Indeed, it is probably true to say that most courses at university require some level of computer literacy.
Sample 2: Essay Coherence
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There is one major argument in favour of replacing art, music and sport on the
curriculum with subjects like IT. This is that the purpose of school is to prepare children for their working life after school, so the subjects on the curriculum should be relevant to their potential careers. From this point of view, IT is much relevant to schoolchildren as they need to be computer literate if they want to survive in the workplace. For example, it is easy to see that word processing and programming skills will impress employers more than the ability to run fast or draw well.
There are also, however, strong arguments for retaining the more traditional subjects as part of the curriculum. One significant counter-argument is that the purpose of education is not just to prepare children for later careers, but also to develop their all round “culture”. It is important that children leave school with some knowledge of art, music and sport as all these are all help develop aspects of young people’s personalities. My own personal point of view is that there is merit in both sides of the debate and that all children should study some IT, art music and sport at least at primary school. At secondary school, however, children should be offered a choice between these subjects so that they can continue to study them if they wish. In this way, no child will be disadvantaged.
C. Homework
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic “How Will Our Life Go on Without Internet?”. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:
How Will Our Life Go on Without Internet?
1. 网络提供给了人们丰富多彩和便捷的生活 2. 很多人开始感觉离开网络寸步难行 3. 你对网络依赖症的看法
As a primary source of information as well as an efficient means of communication, the Internet offers people a colourful and convenient life. Just by clicking the mouse, we can enjoy a brilliant and easy life that could not be achieved ever before: shopping, making friends, contacting relatives, looking for jobs, downloading music and movies, conducting business deals, and freely airing our opinions。
For its convenience, the Internet has attracted people like magnets and some people even claim that it is indispensable. To them, life can’t go on without it. Every day millions of people spend hours on end surfing the Internet. They are obsessed with it so much so that they forget many other important matters。
As for me, I don’t approve of unrestrained Internet reliance. Although the Internet is a gift of the technological revolution and a blessing of this information age, we should never let it control our life. The Internet absolutely doesn’t mean the whole world to us. Instead, we should guard against its negative effects. To those Internet addicts, I would add: “Self-control can make or break your life. With proper use, the Internet serves you;
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