摘要
本工程位于中国农业大学石羊河生态与农业节水试验站。果园种植作物为苹果。该设计系统主要采用地下水灌溉，通过收集当地基本资料，拟定规划设计参数，进行水量平衡分析，拟定出比较合理的灌水制度。在此基础上进行了管网规划布置及水力计算，并选择各个管道的经济管径，保证了管材使用的经济性。最后，做了工程的概预算，该工程总投资约30583.46元。经济效益显著，六年的时间即可还本，并且使果园增产15%以上。总体而言，该工程是一套与我国的经济发展水平相适应的高效节水灌溉工程。
关 键 词：滴灌灌溉，苹果园，设计说明
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Abstract
The project is located in Shiyanghe Experimental Station for Water-saving of Agriculture and Ecology, China Agricultural University. The crop of the orchard is apple. This system mainly uses groundwater for irrigation, and by collecting basic information on the local, planning design parameters, doing water balance analysis, it will then develop a more reasonable system for irrigation. On this basis, we will do a planning of the pipe network layout and hydraulic calculation, and choose the economic diameter of each pipe, as far as possible to ensure that the use of the economy. Finally, we do a project budget, which with a total investment of 30583.46 Yuan. The economic benefits of the project is significant. It takes less than six year for the project to pay back for the principal and with the project, orchards can yield more than 15%. Overall, the project is an efficient water-saving irrigation project which is adapted to the level of our economic developement .
Key words：Drip irrigation，Apple orchard，Design specification
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目录
摘要 .............................................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ II 目录 ............................................................................................................................ III 第一章 绪论 ................................................................................................................ 1 第二章 工程概况 ........................................................................................................ 2 2.1当地水文经济概况 ...................................................................................................... 2 2.2苹果生长概况 .............................................................................................................. 3 2.3苹果树灌水时期 .......................................................................................................... 3 第三章 滴灌系统设计 ................................................................................................. 5 3.1灌水器选择和规划设计参数 ...................................................................................... 5 3.2水量平衡计算 .............................................................................................................. 7 3.3 管网布置 ..................................................................................................................... 8 第四章 灌溉制度 ........................................................................................................ 9 4.1 灌水定额 ................................................................................................................... 9 4.2 灌水周期 ................................................................................................................... 9 4.3 一次灌水延续时间 ................................................................................................. 10 第五章 滴灌工作制度 ............................................................................................... 11 5.1 轮灌组数 ................................................................................................................... 11 5.2 轮灌组的划分方法 ................................................................................................... 11 第六章 管网水力计算 ............................................................................................... 13 6.1 管材选择 ................................................................................................................... 13 6.2 流量计算及管径确定 ............................................................................................... 13 6.4 水泵扬程计算 ........................................................................................................... 16 第七章 首部枢纽设计 ............................................................................................... 18 7.1过滤设备 .................................................................................................................... 18 7.2施肥器 ........................................................................................................................ 18 7.3水表 ............................................................................................................................ 19 7.4压力表 ........................................................................................................................ 19 7.5进排气阀 .................................................................................................................... 20
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