阅读理解专题
阅读短文,回答问题
A
What sport do you like best?
Daniel: I like basketball best. I often watch NBA. I play basketball every day. I am short, but I am strong. I am a good basketball player in our school.
Lucy: Ping-ping is my favourite sport. I am a Chinese and Chinese ping-pong players are the best in the world. I want to be a good ping-pong player too. I often play it every afternoon.
Tom: I am tall and strong. I like football best. My father is a football player. I often watch my father play football. My father often teaches me to play football. I play with my father and others in the park every day.
( ) 1. What sport does Daniel like?
A. Football B. Basketball C. Ping-pong D. Swimming ( ) 2. Who likes football best?
A. Daniel B. Tom C. Lucy D. Nobody ( ) 3. What does Tom’s father do?
A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A policeman. D. A football player. ( ) 4. When does Lucy often play ping-pong?
A. Every morning. B. Every afternoon. C. Every evening. D. At the weekend. ( ) 5. Which of the following is RIGHT?
A. Daniel is tall. B. Lucy wants to be a doctor. C. Tom is thin. D. The passage（文章） is about favourite sports.
B
Hi! My name is Millie. I am from England. I am twelve years old. I am slim and tall. I have long hair. I like music. I listen to music every evening. I like reading and I am in the Reading Club. But I don’t like sports.
Hello! I am Peter from America. But I live in Shanghai now. I am 13 years old. I wear glasses. I am tall and strong. My hair is very short. I like sports very much. Every afternoon, I play football on the playground at school. I am good at swimming too.
This is Amy. I was born in Beijing and now I live in Nanjing. My father works in a hospital in Nanjing. So we come here. I am fourteen years old. I am short but strong. I like playing computer games. I am polite and helpful. I often help other students. ( ) 6. How old is Millie?
A. Twelve B. Thirteen C. Fourteen D. Fifteen ( ) 7. Where does Amy come from?
A. England B. America C. Beijing D. Nanjing ( ) 8. Who wears a pair of glasses?
A. Millie B. Peter C. Simon D. Amy ( ) 9. What does Amy’s father do?
A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A policeman. D. A cook. ( ) 10. What is Peter like?
A. Slim and tall.
B. Short and strong.
C. Tall and strong.
D. Thin and tall.
阅读理解所选短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面, 常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和正误判断题。 一、阅读理解的应试策略
提高英语阅读水平并非一朝一夕所能奏效的。要想具有较高的阅读水平，考生就必须具备扎实的语法知识，相当数量的词汇，渊博的背景知识，过硬的专业知识以及较高的分析能力、认识能力和逻辑思维能力等。这就要求我们除了掌握好语言基础知识外，还必须经常大量阅读各种体裁、题材的英语读物，如《英语辅导报》、《英语沙龙》、《英语学习》等报刊上的文章。每天要根据自己的情况尽可能地多读几篇，这样长期坚持下去，词汇量会得到扩大，知识面能得到拓宽，阅读速度也会逐步加快，语言感受能力将会增强，因而阅读水平也会随之提高。 二、阅读理解的应试技巧
应该指出的是，应付测试不是阅读理解的目的，只有通过长期的练习和积极思考才能真正提高阅读能力，但应试技巧可以 帮助考生增加自信心，并在一定程度上提高考试成绩。下面的临场应考技巧仅供参考。
1、如果文长题少，则以略读的方式先读一遍，而后带着问题去查阅，求得要找的答案。
2、如果文短题多，则应先仔细阅读该短文，再去做题。遇到某个题答不来时，可带着该问题去查阅有关细节。
3、如果问的是一段文章的中心思想，则应重点读段首句和段未句，看是否有主题句。有时主题句可能位于段中，也有的段落无明显的主题句，那就要自己分析、归纳中心思想。
4、如果问题要求解答案数字、人名、地名、时间等，则可直接用查阅的方法来寻求答案 三、常见题型的剖析
(一)主旨题
主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。 (二)细节题
细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。 (三)推断题
推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。 (四)猜测词义题
猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。 1.通过因果关系猜词
通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore等等)表示前因后果。例如：
You shouldn't have blamed him for that，for it wasn't his fault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出blame的词义是\责备\。 2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词
通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happy and gay，即使我们不认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词，但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于\行星\这一义域。通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but，while，however等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。 3.通过构词法猜词
在阅读文章时，我们总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。 4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义
例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or drought.
从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为\久旱\，\旱灾\。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这