光伏并网逆变器的研究
【中文摘要】针对全球范围内能源紧张的局面,开发利用太阳能越来越受到重视。太阳能光伏并网发电是太阳能利用的主要形式,具有广阔的发展远景。本文就是在此背景下,对太阳能并网发电系统的核心器件并网逆变器进行重点研究。为此,论文主要对逆变器的电路拓扑结构、最大功率点跟踪、并网控制方案以及在并网过程中的反孤岛技术进行了分析研究。首先,简述了国内外光伏发电的现状和发展趋势,根据单相光伏并网发电系统的特点,本文选择了合适的主电路拓扑结构,该结构没有变压器,具有体积小、本钱低、控制方案易实现等优点。其次,通过比较分析目前太阳能电池进行最大功率跟踪的各种传统方法,运用了一种基于改进型Fibonacci线性搜索的最大功率跟踪算法。理论上证实了通过调节DC/DC升压电路的占空比可以改变太阳能电池的输出功率,以使太阳能电池工作于最大输出功率点上。本文阐述了添加反孤岛效应保护的必要性,通过对反孤岛效应的主动和被动检测方法的对比,最后采用了周期性扰动AFDPF检测方法并对其进行仿真验证。最后,本文对光伏并网逆变器的控制方案进行了分析,采用了基于SPWM的电流输出控制算法,该方法具有开关频率固定、物理意义清楚、实现方便等优点,通过MATLAB进行了仿真,结果表明了该方案的有效性和可行性。');
【Abstract】 For the strenuous energy sources currently in the global scope,exploiting and utilizing the solar energy is paid more
attention by many people than before. Photovoltaic(PV) generation,one important method of using solar energy,is very promising.Under this background,the dissertation deeply researches the PV grid-connected inverter,which is the hard core of the system.The *** analyzed the topology of the inverter,maximum power point tracing(MPPT),the
control method of the inverter and the technology of grid-connected such as anti-island.Firstly,it briefly introduces the present
situation and the development prospects of Photovoltaic generating at home and abroad.Based on the character of single-phase PV grid-connected system,the *** expatiated a suitable topological
construction,which doesn\\'t use the transformer with features which the small size, low cost and easy control strategy and so
on.Secondly,by comparing many different traditional methods,this *** finds a new way to use a new Fibonacci search algorithm to realize the maximum power point tracking(MPPT).In this thesis,it is
demonstrated theoretically that the maximum power-output can be matched by adjusting the duty ratio of the DC/DC circuit.This *** presents the needed of anti-islanding effect,analyses the active and passive detecting methods separately,then verifies the validity of the active frequency drift with periodical disturbance and positive feedback method.Finally,several popular control methods of inverter are simply analyzed.Based on SPWM,the scheme of current control have
some advantages,such as invariable switching frequency,simplify signification,and easy realized.In the end,the resultants of the simulation using MATLAB proved the feasibility and validity.