中考英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(附答案)
一、英语阅读理解
1．阅读短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Once upon a time, a proud (骄傲的) Swallow lived in a large tree. He liked his colorful feathers (羽毛) and his long tail so much that he believed nothing could be better than them. One day he saw a Crow and thought. \himself lovingly and enjoyed his own feathers.
Just then, the crow flew and sat on the same branch as the Swallow. The Swallow said, \your feathers are black and your tail is so short.\fly.\spread (展开) his wings and flew a little closer to the Crow. The Crow saw that the Swallow had lots of blue feathers and some white and pink ones, too. He looked at his own feathers and thought, \The Swallow's feathers are much prettier than mine.\
The Crow said, \you're right. You have lovely feathers and a long tail, but only in summer. Your little feathers cannot keep you warm in winters at all. While you shiver (颤抖) in the cold, my thick feathers keep me warm in the cold winters.\ （1）The Swallow was proud of his ________.
A. flying skills B. strong body C. beautiful voice D. feathers and tail
（2）When the Swallow said the Crow's feathers and tail weren't beautiful, the Crow ________. A. became angry B. smiled and explained C. flew away quickly D. became worried and sad （3）The Crow thought the Swallow's feathers ________. A. were really colourful B. looked silly and ugly C. were as beautiful as his own D. were not long enough （4）What does the underlined sentence mean?
A. My feathers are black, too. B. My tail is as long as yours.
C. My feathers and tail help me fly, too. D. My feathers and tail are colourful, too. （5）What does the story want to tell us? A. Birds of a feather flock (聚集) together.
B. Don't be proud of something that's of little use. C. Find out our own problems and solve them quickly. D. Don't make friends with people who are too proud. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）A （4）C （5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：从前，一只骄傲的燕子住在一棵大树上。他非常喜欢他的彩色羽毛（羽毛）和他的长尾巴，以至于他相信没有什么比它们更好的了。有一天，他看见一只乌鸦，他看不起乌鸦，认为乌鸦儍，但是乌鸦却不这么认为，他说他的羽毛可以帮着取暖，但是燕子额羽毛去不能。
（1）细节理解题，根据 He liked his colorful feathers (羽毛) and his long tail 可知燕子为他的羽毛和尾巴而骄傲，故答案是D。
（2）细节理解题，根据 The Crow smiled and said. \ 可知，当燕子嘲笑乌鸦的时候，乌鸦微笑着解释，故答案是B。
（3）细节理解题，根据 It's true. The Swallow's feathers are much prettier than mine.\ 可知，乌鸦认为燕子的羽毛比自己的漂亮，真的好看，故答案是A。
（4）句意猜测题，根据 But they help me fly.\ 可知，划线句子的意思是：我的羽毛和尾巴也能帮我飞翔，故答案是C。
（5）主旨大意题，根据文章内容可知，乌鸦的羽毛尽管不漂亮但是可以保暖，而燕子的羽毛虽然漂亮但是不保暖，所以不要为一点点有用的东西而感到骄傲，故答案是B。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；句意义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2．阅读理解
Why do plants grow in some places and not in others? Why does some land have so many plants growing on it, while other land has almost（几乎）no plants growing on it at all? To grow, plants need several things. One is warmth. In very cold places almost nothing grows. Plants also need water. In very dry parts of the Earth only a few unusual plants can grow. That's why dry deserts(沙漠）everywhere are almost not covered by trees or grass.
Plants must also have a place in which to put down their roots and grow. They find it difficult to grow on hard land. The town is built on hard land. The plants here have only the soil found between the cracks of the stones to grow in.
Another thing plants must have before they can grow is food.
What will happen if we try to make things grow on the sandy beach? A few plants, such as beach grass, will grow in sand, but most plants won't. Even if(即使）the weather is warm enough and we water the plants each day, many of them will die because the sand on this beach has almost no food for plants.
（1）According to the passage, plants need things to grow well.
A. two B. three C. four D. five （2）What does the underlined word \
A. 缝隙 B. 表面 C. 夹层 D. 底部
（3）From the passage, we can know it is for plants to grow in dry places. A. easy B. difficult C. impossible D. important （4）The reason why most plants can't grow on the sandy beach is that . A. there isn't enough sunlight B. there is too much water C. it is too crowded there D. it has little food for plants （5）The passage can most probably be found in a book.
A. science B. history C. travel D. Maths 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）B （4）D （5）A
【解析】【分析】 短文大意：这篇短文讲了种植树木需要的几个条件。在哪些地方可以种树。 （1）细节理解题。根据 To grow, plants need several things. One is warmth. Plants also need water. Plants must also have a place in which to put down their roots and grow. Another thing plants must have before they can grow is food. 可知要种好植物需要四个条件。故选C。 （2）词义猜测题。根据 The town is built on hard land. The plants here have only the soil found between the cracks of the stones to grow in. 城镇建立在硬的地面上。这里的植物只有在石头缝隙被发现的土壤去种。可知crack是缝隙，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据 In very dry parts of the Earth only a few unusual plants can grow. 在地球非常干的地方只有几种非同寻常的植物能种植。可知在干旱的地方很难种植植物。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。 Even if(即使）the weather is warm enough and we water the plants each day, many of them will die because the sand on this beach has almost no food for plants. 可知在沙漠地方种植植物难是因为缺少植物需要的食物。故选D。
（5）此题考查文章的出处。从文章的内容讲解的是种植植物所需要的几个条件，可知这篇文章出自科普读物。故选A。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。阅读短文了解短文大意。分析问题，弄清题意。带着问题，重新阅读短文，从短文细节中找出问题答案。对于词义猜测，可根据上下文联系猜测词义。对于文章的出处要根据文章的内容来确定。
3．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Different weather makes people feel different. It influences (影响) health, intelligence (智力) and feelings.
In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart problems in this month. In the northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People in these states have more heart problems after the weather changes (改变) quickly in February or March.