Unit 1 Outsideview Conversation 1
Li:What a wonderful view! This is such a great city!Do you ever get tired of living in London, Andy? A;\Li:That's a quotation by Samuel Johnson, isn't it?
A:Correct,so do you have any plans when you finish at Oxford? Li: I've got another year to go and then I suppose I'll go back home. A; And you will find a job?
Li:I think I have to do my Master's before I look for work.But I must admit London is very special.Do you think you would ever leave London? A:Sure, I'd love to come to china one day, and I like traveling. But i think I'll always come back here. Li:Well, your roots are here and there are so many opportunities. A;But have you ever thought of living in London for a year or two?
Li:Yes, but what could I do here? I had planned to become a teacher.But i have often thought if there was a job i could do here in publishing,maybe as an editor, I'll go for it.
A:That's sounds like a great idea.I think that would really suit you Li:Maybe I should update my CV and send it to one or two publisher. A:Don't make it look too good Li:Why not?
A;Well,if you enjoy working with London Time Off, we don't want you working with anyone else
Li:Oh, working with you and Joe it's great fun and really interesting. I couldn't think of a better way to find out about a city A;So maybe you should think about applying for a job with us
Li:But do you think I'd stand a chance(有可能，有希望)?I mean, I'm not sure if Joe likes me A:Don't even think about it!Joe is very straight talking and I promise you that you'd know if he didn't like you. Li:Perhaps we should both update our CVs and look for jobs together A:Hey,right!That would be fun.
Conversation 2
Li:Talking about future plans,how do you see your career developing?
A:My career?Well, I like working for London Time Off.It's a part of a larger media company called Lift off USA,so there are lots of opportunities.But... Li:But...What?
A:It's not always very easy working with Joe.I mean,I kind of think he has a different agenda（different way of thinking from Andy不一样的想法）.I like his work, but sometimes I don't think his heart is in his job. Li:How did he end up in London?
A:He did media studies in the States,and then found work as a gofer（杂工） at Lift off USA in New York. Li:What's a gofer?
A:Go for this,go for that.It's a word for the least experienced person in the film and TV industry.Then he came to London and got a proper job as a researcher at Lift off UK,and then after a few years he got the producer's job in London Time Off Li:He is good at his job,isn't he?
A:Yes,he is confident and competent at what he does,so the people who work with him rate him quite highly（speak highly of）. Li:Except you?
A:No,I rate him too.And I get on with him quite well,although we are not best budies or anything like that,it's just...I want his job! Li:Now we know your little secret.I promise I won't tell anyone A:Janet,there was something I was going to ask you... Li:Sure,what is it?
A:I was wondering...oh,it's nothing.Anyway,all this talk about your future career is making me thirsty.Let's go for a drink. Li:Who is round ? A:You...
Outsideview :How to get a job
Graduation.What a big day!Your life is about to begin!And then your parents say...\of college can be pretty hard.Reading all the job listing is so annoying.Even trying to figure out what the actual job is can be difficult.Searching through the want ads can be so boring.And writing your resume is really hard work.
\—the whole process is pretty tough.
\ \
\ \性格外向的人).Definitely.\
\ \ \
\ \
\know about me?\ \
Even though I was trying really hard,even though I had sent out about 300 resumes,even though I asked all my friend and relatives if they knew of anything.I wasn't getting anywhere!Despite all my best efforts,I was still unemployed.
\（顾问）?I'll pay for it.Anything to help you get a job!\ \ So I figure,heck,why not?I met with Phyllis Stein,a professional job coach.
\by doing research on the position and the company.And latter,she coaching me on my interviewing skills.
\from that.OK?\ \
\—my mom is a social worker,and my dad is an engineer.\ \ \
\ \ \
\ \
\ \
\it boils down（归结为） to preparation,presentation, and understanding what the interviewer is looking for \
(Watching the videotape)
\Another way of answering it is not telling about yourself ,but telling your relationship to the job.\about your parents and that you want to live in Cambridge.They may need you to be able to be a troubleshooter.You use some examples in your life from being a troubleshooter.\is dealing with problems.You
need to be sure that you stay,sort of ,on target with preventing,presenting yourself in the strongest possible way.\
This time I felt a lot more confident when I went in for the interview.
\also worked every summer at a bed-and-breakfast.\worked a lot with our guests.I booked reservation over the phone,got them what they needed,and handled any complains.\
Making a good first impression is the most important part of a job interview. Arriving on time and being confident are the most important parts of a job interview.
It's very important that you are being confident and you're being clear in your answers and listening carefully Not fidgeting（坐立不安，烦躁） and being confident are the most important things in a job interview. Writing a thank-you note is the most important thing you want to do after a job interview/ And go in there with a firm handshake.
Listening in
\succeed and who doesn't\
This is the basic idea of an intriguing book called Outliers, by the American journalist Malclom Gladwell.The book explores the factors which contribute to people who are extremely successful in their careers, for example, the role the family , culture and friend play.
Gladwell examines the causes of why the majority of Canada ice hokey players are born in the first few months of the calender year,what the founder of Microsoft Bill Gates did to achieve his extraordinary success,and why the Beatles managed to redefine the whole of popular music in the 1960s.
Gladwell points out that the youth hockey league in Canada recruits from January the first, so that players born early in the year are bigger,stronger and better athletes than others born later in the year.And because they have this advantage at the start of their sports career,they're given extra coaching,and so there's a greater chance that they'll be picked for an elite hockey team in the future.
He calls this phenomenon accumulative advantage（积累优势）,a bit like the idea that the rich get richer and the poor get poorer.Success depends on the process by which talented athletes are identified as much as it does on their own abilities.
Another aspect which contributes to success is the 10000 hour rule.Great success demands an enormous amount of time for practise and training.For example,the Beatles performed live in Hamburg Germany more than 1200times over four years,much more than the 10000 hours Gladwell claim is necessary for great success.So by the time they returned to England,they had developed their talente and sounded completely different from any other group.
In the same way,Bill Gates had thousands of hours' worth of programming because he had access to a computer at his high school.He also became a teenager just at the right time to take advantage of the latest developments in computer technology.
Outliers has met with extraordinary sucess,matched only by Gladwell's own career for 25 years in journalism.As a result, many citics have seen it as an autobiography, in which the writer appears to be apologizing for his own personal achievements.But the ides that you have to be born at the right moment,in the right place and in the right family,and then you have to work really hard is a thought-provoking way of revisiting our traditional view of genius and great achievement.It's certainly worth reading,as long as you don't take it too seriously.
Listening in 2
P:Hi,we are talking about typical working hours in the US and in Brazil.Eric...um...you're from the States,tell me what are the typical working hours in the States?
E:Er...traditionally people go to work at 9o'clock in the morning and they finish at about 5,so sort of a 9to 5. P:And,and Penny I...I know you're English but you work in Brazil,what are the hours in Brazil?
Penny:Um varies slightly,sometimes you can start um on an early shift,say,8o'clock in the morning to 5 um or 9 until 6.But in Brazil often people will work longer hours than this.
P:Right,right ok.And what kind of clothes do you wear?I mean do you dress up formally or in a relaxed way?
E:It used to be that you would wear a jacket and tie to work for...for men but er nowadays an open shirt is ok.You don't necessarily have to wear a tie and sometimes on a Friday you can wear a pair of jeans to work.
P:Oh,right the dress down Friday? E:The dress down Friday that's right. P:Does that still happen? E:Yes, yes sure it does. P:And how about in Brazil?
Penny:Um, it's fairly casual,quite informal,um I mean you need to look neat and tidy obviously,but you,you have your own choice rely on what you would wear,there are no rules and regulations.It's important to look smart but comfortable. P:Right,yeah do you have meal breaks or is that...you just fit in meals when you can or...?
E:Lunch,lunch is usually an hour sometimes a little shorter if you have to do a lot of work from your desk. P:Yeah,how about Brazil?
Penny:That's the same, about an hour.
P:And,and with overtime,I mean,if you...I mean you're obviously contracted to do a certain number of hours.What happens if you do more than the hours that you...that's in you...that are in your contract?
E:I have to make a fairly um strict record of my hours so if I go beyond 5 o'clock on most days I put in for overtime. P:Right.
E:And it's...the first hour is one of overtime and then there's I think 15minute periods after that.So I could work an hour and a quarter. P:And you'd be paid for the quarter hours? E:That's right,by the quarter hour. P:How about in Brazil?
Penny:It's,it's a lot looser in Brazil actually.We we often end up doing overtime but unfortunately not paid.
P: Fine.That's hard luck.And what about holidays,what about in the States?You don't have much holidays in the States do you? E:No.When you start at a company you get two weeks holiday or two weeks vacation as we say... P:Yeah
E:Um then it's usually not until you've been at the company for about five ears that they give you another week.So you get three weeks after you've been there for five years. P:And what about in Brazil?
Penny:Um it's quite good actually-30days. P:Sounds very generous. Penny:Yeah I can pop back to...
P:Is that 30 working days or 30 days in total? Penny:That's 30 working days P:Wow,that's
Penny:Yes,yeah it's a good deal.
P:What about retirement?I know it's a long way of there!When do you retire? E:Generally speaking it's at 65. P:And the same for women.
E:Um it's I think a little sooner than that for women.Women I think 62or 63. P;Right ,good.And in Brazil is it similar?
Penny:Similar to the States.It's um after 60 for women.65 for men,or if you've clocked up about 30 or 35 years of service then you can retire after that.
P:Right and when...do you have a pay day?When is pay day?
E:Um,well ,we gt paid twice a month,so we get paid at the beginning of the month and then we get paid in the middle of the month at the 15th give or take(大约).
P:Yeah,and what about in Brazil?
Penny:I think it all depends which company you're working for.For the one I am working for right now I get paid twice a month but when I began,with a different company that was once a month,so,it varies.
P:And are there any company benefits that you have in the States?Do you have a company car or a pension?
E:Yeah,we get a company car.We're able to...we lease a car in effect but it's a company car that we get for 18 months to two years and then we...we can move on to another model from that.There's a fairly good pension scheme,that's still working,and hospitalization as well. P:Oh,that's important
E:Yeah,a health plan through work is very important. P:Right.And what about in Brazil?
Penny:Yeah,excellent benefits like that.Well I mean it does depend on the company and the status of your or your job but you might get a car,living accommodation,school for the children,they'll pay for your lunch,travel passes,gasoline,health insurance,all sorts of benefits actually it's very good.
P:Sounds very good,with the holiday and all those benefits it sounds a great place to work. Unit 2 Outside view Conversation 1
Joe: OK, when you finished chatting, let's get down to work. Andy: OK, sure.
Janet: Fine by me. What's on the agenda?
Joe: First up today is Read all about it! Now, I assume everyone has read all the books for the future? Has anyone read any of the books? Andy: Well, Joe, there are over 20 new books coming out next month, so…
Joe: I'm sorry, I really think that's quite unacceptable. It's your job! What about you, Janet?
Janet: I'm sorry but this is the first time I've worked on Read all about it! And I didn't know I was meant to read all the books. Andy: Have you read them?
Joe: No, but that's why you're my assistants. You're meant to assist me. Andy: It's true that we need to read the books, Joe, but we haven't… Joe: OK, there you go. You are always making excuses! Andy: And what's more, we haven't even chosen the books yet. Joe: OK, let's get down with it. What's on the list?
Janet: I suppose we're looking for books with a London angle（伦敦视角）? Andy: Not necessarily.
Janet: Is it OK to look for non-fiction too? Joe: Absolutely.
Janet: OK, here's an idea. There's a new biography（自传） of Charles Dickens which I'm reading. Andy: Sounds good-his books are always on TV.
Janet: You see I'm studying Dickens at university, and I noticed it in the bookshop last week. It's really interesting. Joe: OK, tell us more.
Janet: Well, it's a description of the London locations where he set many of his books like Oliver Twist and David Copperfield. Andy: Sounds right up your street（拿手的）! Joe Well done, Janet. Maybe you can show Andy how to plan the feature. OK, that's it everyone. Let's get to it! Conversation 2
Janet: What's the matter with Joe today?
Andy: No idea. He's a bit like that sometimes. He gets annoyed with me, but I don't really know why. Janet: He wasn't being at all fair. How often does he get like this?
Andy: Well, I suppose it's not very often. But sometimes he really gets on my nerves（使某人心烦意乱）. Janet: Don't let it get to you. He's probably got too much work, and he's stressed.
Andy: Well, he should keep his problems away from the studio. Anyway, you're the expert on Dickens, tell me something about him.
Janet: Well, Charles Dickens was one of the most popular novelists in 19th century Britain. Many of his novels first appeared in magazines,
in short episodes. Each one had a cliffhanger at the end that made people want to read the next episode（集，一集）.