新视野读写2第三版课文练习参考答案-打印稿 Unit 1 Text A
Ex. 1 Understanding the text
1、 Because he is tired of listening to his father and he is not interested in grammar rules.
2、 The civilization of Greece and the glory of Roman architecture are so marvelous and remarkable that they should be described at least in a brief account; however, what the student could do was only one single utterance :“whoa!” without any specific comment.
3、 Because the schools fail to set high standards of language proficiency. They only teach a little grammar and less advanced vocabulary. And the younger teachers themselves have little knowledge of the vital structures of language.
4、 Because teaching grammar is not an easy job and most of the students will easily get bored if it's not properly dealt with.
5、 He familiarized his son with different parts of speech in a sentence and discussed their specific grammatical functions including how to use adverbs to describe verbs.
6、 Because the son had never heard about the various names and functions of words in an English sentence before.
7、 The author uses “road map^and “car”to describe grammar and vocabulary. Here/ road map\considered as grammar and “car”as vocabulary.
8、 Since the subjunctive mood his son used is a fairly advanced grammar structure, the interjection“whoa!’’reflects the tremendous pride the father had toward his son; it also reflects the author’s humor in using the word because it was once used by his student, though in two different situations and with two different feelings.
Ex.3 Words in use
1 .condense 2.exceed 3.deficit 《exposure 5.asset 6.adequate 7.competent 8.adjusting 9.precisely lO.beneficial
Ex.4 Word building
?al/-ial: managerial/editorial/substance/survival/tradition/margin -cy : consistency/accuracy/efficient -y : recovery/mi n istry/assemb 1 y
Ex.5 Word building
1.editorial 2.recovery 3.accuracy 4.substance 5.managerial 6.margin 7.assembly 8.Ministry 9.survival 10.tradition 11.consistency
12.efficient
Ex.6 Banked cloze 1-5: LCJAI 6-10: ONEHF Ex.7 Expressions in use
1 .feel obliged to 2.be serious about 3.run into 4.distinguish between 5.thrust upon 6.was allergic to 7.get lost 8.be attracted to 9.make sense lO.looked upon as
Ex.8 Structured writing
Some bookworms in my dormitory often spend hours reading their “Bible”，Practical English Grammar, and do a lot of exercises in that book , but I don't care about it at all. My assumption is since I have never learned Chinese grammar, what's the sense of learning English grammar? In fact，English grammar has always been a big headache to me.
English grammar is very complicated because, unlike Chinese, there are many verb tenses. Even stranger than verb tenses, English grammar also contains something very confusing. For example, I don't remember how many times my middle school teacher tried to“impose’’the differences between used to and be used to on us. Sometimes he would go on with the explanation for 20 minutes or so. He even summarized the differences by listing three or four points for us to memorize. However, they could never stay in my head. I don’t remember how many times I got it wrong with the sentences containing used to or be used to on my exams . I was really confused with these two phrases,and I can never get them right.
In brief, I’m allergic to learning English grammar. Curiously, I just wonder if the native speakers of English have a microcomputer in their brain to help them utter the two phrases promptly with just a click of their brain mouse!
Ex.9 E-C Translation
人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言，经常被许多不以英语为第一语言的国家使用。与其他语言一样，英语也发生 了很大的变化。英语的历史可以分为三个主要阶段：古英语，中古英语和现代英语。英语起源于公元5IH：纪，当时 三个日耳曼部落入侵英国，他们对英语语言的形成起/很大的作用。在中世纪和现代社会初期，英语的影响遍及 不列颠群岛。从17世纪初，它的影响力开始在世界各地显现。欧洲几百年的探险和殖民过程导致/英语的重大变 化。今天，由于美国电影、电视、音乐、贸易和技术、包括互联网的大受欢迎，芙国英语的影响力尤其显著。 Ex. 10 C-E Translation
Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in the world. The formation and development of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters. In this long evolutionary process, Chinese characters have not only played an important role in exchanging ideas and transmitting culture but also developed into a unique art form. Calligraphic works well reflect calligraphers’
personal feelings, knowledge, self-cultivation, personality, and
Watch your step if you go out or you might fall.
1. 2. 3.
There is nothing more important than being honest with everyone at school and at work. There is nothing more than helpful than using the Internet to improve my English skills.
There is nothing more than encouraging and stimulating than communicating successfully with your colleagues. Collocation：
Warm-up
1. seemingly free 2. barely enough 3. easily accessible 4.absolutely needed 5.financially bankrupt 6.completely charmed 7.truly autonomous 8.staggeringly expensive 9.emotionally crippled 8 1. financial distress 2.financial trouble 3.financially bankrupt 4.seemingly free 5.suspend desires 6.easily accessible 7.emotionally crippled 8.artificial sense 9.truly autonomous Incompletely charmed 11 .staggeringly expensive 12.buying decisions
Unit6 Section A
1
IB 2C 3A 4E 5D 2
1 An irrational behavior can be described as an action or opinion not based on adequate use of logic and reason:
Be willing to pay much more for a cup of Starbucks coffee when there's cheaper，equally good coffee across the street.
Once a price is established in their minds, they will compare other similar items to this price, not only for the current but also for the future. Buy products they don’t need just because they get something for free in the transaction. Do something just because some other people are doing the same thing.
2 Ignorance - People can be totally unaware about a situation, yet form their own views and judgments. They often tend to jump to conclusions based on rumors.
Emotions - People take offense or get angry before the actual situation occurs. They become anxious and harbor unrealistic expectations. Stress - It is the main reason that causes physical as well as mental problems. Stress creates feeling of anger, irritation and frustration.
Blind beliefs - People live entirely on the lines that are drawn by others and do not have their own point of view. They are too conscious about society and its reactions to them.
3 Yes, I'm often irrational because of different kinds of stress, uncertainty about my future, and sensitivity to how people look at me.
No, 1 don’t think I’m irrational because I always use my logic and common sense to judge things and react to what has happened to me. Scripts:
As the most intelligent animal on this earth
，we are supposed to behave in a rational way, i.e., act according to logic and reason required in a situation. But does that really happen? Do we always behave rationally? Certainly not. There
are a lot of people who behave irrationally, causing problems to themselves as well as to others. Irrational behavior is part of human nature, but as MIT Professor Ariely has discovered, people tend to behave irrationally in a predictable fashion. Though we cannot explain the exact cause behind irrational behavior, we know that it is a manner of behavior not based on logic and reasoning. I would like to give you an example of irrational behavior. If a person has heard about someone suffering from some disease, he will start thinking that he may suffer from the same disease. This is irrational and illogical behavior. I don’t think this behavior is always intentional. Reading comprehension Understanding the text
1
1 He was imposing on his iroops a necessary sacrifice to achieve victory over their opponents. By doing this, the soldiers would be more determined and concentrated on the battles. 2 The purpose for the experiment is to investigate seemingly irrational human behavior when making a decision, such as the tendency for keeping multiple options open.
3 The experiment enabled people to see why it’s always so hard for them to say \4 Students should quickly check all the doors and keep clicking on the one with the highest cash. They should absolutely ignore the vanishing doors.
5 Because we can see that the students didn’t really focus on ensuring future cash earnings. What they tried to avoid was the immediate pain of watching options close.
6 Because in life the doors are closing slowly, not like the ones on the computer in the experiment, people don't really see the opportunities actually vanishing away little by little. 7 He suggests that people should prohibit overbooking, reduce options, delegate tasks to others, and even give away ideas to others to pursue.
8 People can obtain pleasure and satisfaction by focusing their energy and attention in a more concentrated fashion. They will have more with fewer, carefully chosen options.
Critical thinking 2 I ?Surprising but very strategic and visionary.
?Reflection of his unique foresight and wisdom. ?Knowledgeable about winning battles. ?Experienced in fighting with enemies. 2?Interesting and thought-provoking.
?Reflect students' mentality. ?Meaningful and valid. ?May not he convincing to some people. 3?Both consequences are surprising.
?Both are about choices and decision-making. ?Both have to do with strategies. ?Both focus on human's mentality. 4?Afraid of losing potential opportunities.
?Too greedy and too ambitious.
?Over-confident about their real capacity. ?More choices, better chances.
5
?Fewer options, more focused concentration. ?Fewer choices, better quality. ?Everything has two sides. ?Too much greed ends up with nothing. Language focus 3
I implement 2 rival 3 motivating 4 discarded
5 fluctuating
6 prejudiced 7 restore 8 enlightening 9 profit 10 investigate Word building
4
Words learned New words formed -ic Expressions in use 7
strategic sympathetic confirmation location reflection provision installation registration quote sympathize criticize industrialize 5 1 sympathize 2 confirmation 3 strategic 4 installation 5 quote 6 sympathetic 8 location 9 7 criticize reflection 10 industrialize 11 provision 12 registration Banked cloze
40 6 5 F 3H
9 J I M 2D 6L 71 8C 10 A
I was attached to 2 be measured in 3 come in handy 4 clinging to 5 pay a big price 6 are exhausted from 7 imposed on 8 revolve around Structure analysis and writing Structured writing 8
There are a lot of people who behave irrationally, causing problems to themselves as well as to others. It’s hard to analyze the exact causes behind irrational behavior, but we know that it is a manner of behavior that is not based on logic and reasoning. Irrational behavior is caused by various factors but two stand oul.
The first main factor that contributes to irrational behavior is uncontrolled emotions. Irrational people take offense or get angry before the actual situation occurs. They become anxious and express exaggerated emotions such as crying and shouting. They have unrealistic expectations, expecting everyone to like them and if someone does not, they feel angry and neglected. It is fairly common for people to show such signs of irrationality.
Too much stress can also lead to irrational behavior. In fact, these days, stress is the major cause of physical as well as mental problems. Stress creates feelings of anger, irritation and frustration. For instance, when you spend a stressful day in the office, il makes you anxious. You start releasing your frustration or stress by screaming at your family members for small reasons like a badly prepared meal. That day you feel everything is wrong.
In summary, uncontrolled emotions and too much stress can result in irrational behavior. To behave rationally is not an easy job because the behavior is internalized. However, to discover the source of your irrationality will help you behave more rationally. Translation 9
极简主义是指去掉多余的，仅保留需要的部分、用最简单的话来说，极简的生活方式，就是生活得越简单越好，It 到获得心灵的平静，这种简单既是精神上的，也是身体上的：这样的生活方式会减轻压力，带來更多自由时间.
并增强幸福感、极简主义者会说.他们生活得更有意义了，更从容了，极简的生活方式让他们着眼于生活中更重 要的事物：朋友、爱好、旅游和体验。当然，极简主义并不怠味着拥有物质财富从本质上來讲有什么不对。现在 的问题似乎在于，我们往往太重视所拥有的东西，而常常抛弃了健康、人与人之间的关系、我们的热情、个人成 长，以及帮助他人的愿望。极简主义除/在我们的门常生活中可以得到应用，还存在于很多创意领域，包括艺术 、建筑、没汁、舞蹈、电影、戏剧、音乐、时尚、摄影和文学等。
10
National Happiness Index (NHI) is an index that measures how happy people are. It is also a tool that measures the levels of economic development and people's livelihood and happiness in a country or region. With the fast growth of Chinese economy, the Chinese government has been paying more and more attention to people's living quality and the increase of happiness index. The government stresses improvement of its people's livelihood, striving to improve their economic conditions and meet their growing material and cultural needs. Currently, the Chinese government advocates the unleashing of more reform dividends, with the aim of offering more real benefits to its people. All these measures will combine to effectively increase the NHI of our people.
Unit 6 Text B
Understanding the text 2
l.
Critical thinking 3
C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.D
1.
Like to look good in other’s eyes.
Tend to have spending habit Make them feel happy. Want to be in fashion
2.
Bored
Frustrated.
Confused Stunned
3. Don’t know which option they want most.
Seem to them there is never the best option. Want everything lest they miss a “perfect” one.
4. Human beings are greedy by nature.
Many believe “The more, the better”. Most people are too materialistic.
5. Not really a good thing.
Make people greedier and more materialistic. Make people exhausted to make decisions. Discourage appreciation. Words in use 4
1. 6.
1. 5.
concerning 2.specitled 3.controversy 4.rendered 5.enforced
distribute 7.highlighted 8.implication 9.penetrating lO.subtract Expressions in use 5 played a role 2.turned out 3.are depressed about 4. settle for rushed into 6. out of control 7.transferred to 8.rely on
Sentence structure 6
1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3.
The more carefully he thought about it, the clearer it became to him that this was a job for someone with experience. The more exercise you do, the more energetic you will become, the easier your everyday tasks will seem. The more interesting the plot is，the more appealing the film will become to the audience.
Sentence structure 7
He is normally a quiet person, but when it comes to sports, he becomes a completely different man. When it comes to computers and the Internet, all the students become excited, each eager to say something
about his
experience.
A Frenchman may be ready to start a chat with a stranger on a train or in a cafe, but when it comes to friendship, the French seem to be more cautious than the British.
Collocation 8
1. conscious effort 2.winning strategy 3.limited choice 4. remotest idea 5.temporary pain 6.primary role Collocation 9 1. rival options 2.painful choices 3.carefully chosen 4.multiple options