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宝山区2017-2018学年第二学期教学质量监测
高三年级英语学科试卷
Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularR
SectionA
Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallRcorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.
HowMuchoftheJetsons’WorldHasBecomeaRealitR?
Formostofourreaders,TheJetsonsmaRbeanunfamiliarname.However,formanRAmericanborninorbeforethe1980s,itisanamewefondlRremember.TheJetsonswasapopularcartoonthatfeaturedafamilRlivinginanadvancedworld___21___peoplesettleinhousesbuiltintheskR,workonlRthreedaRsaweekanddriveflRingcarsthatresembleflRingsaucers.WhileskR-highhousesandthree-daRworkweeksdon’tappeartobeonthehorizon,othervisionsofthefuture___22___（turn）intopracticalrealities.
FlRingcarshavebeenonthemindsofscientistsandinventorsfordecades.TheRarepartofatRpicalimagingofthefuturefast-pacedandluRurious,___23___（allow）ustospeedthroughtheskies.As___24___（see）inTheSkR’sNolongertheLimit,thisflightoffancRmaRsoonbearealitRinDubai.Aiming___25___（become）theworld’smostadvancedcitR,DubaiiscurrentlRtestingthefirst-everflRingtaRi.
___26___moneRstilleRistsinitscurrentcash-basedforminTheJetsons,peopletodaRarelookingtowardaworldwhereevencashisout-of-date.BitcoinisatRpeofdigitalmoneRthathastakentheworldbRstorm.Sinceitsintroduction,themoneR’sprice___27___（increase）toratesashighasUS$19,000.This,however,maRnotpredictwellforthefutureofdigitalcurrencR,aseRpertswarnthatBitcoinisabubbleand___28___crashsoon.It’spossiblethatsomedreamsofthefuturemaRstillbe___29_________ourreach. OthermoreprobabletechnologiesalreadReRist,foreRample,futureflRingeRehospitalsinAHospitalwithWings,unusual-engineeredfoldingpaperinCleverFoldingandthepopulationofendangeredcorals（珊瑚）inLab-BredCoraltotheRescue,etc.Alltheseshow___30___humansarealreadRcapableof.So,whatelsecouldthefuturehaveinstoreforus? SectionB Directions：Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgivenintheboR.EachwordcanbeusedonlRonce.NotethatthereisonemorewordthanRouneed. A.adaptedB.harderC.alternativesD.featuresE.cooperationF.questions G.accuracRH.capturedI.regardlessJ.oppositeK.analRzing ComputerreadsbrainactivitRtofindoutthemusiceachpersonislisteningto
IntheeRperiment,siRvolunteersheard40piecesofclassicalmusic,rock,pop,jazz,andothers.TheNeural（神经的）fingerprintofeachsongonparticipants’brainwas___31___bRtheMagneticResonance（MR）machinewhileacomputerwaslearningtoidentifRthebrainpatternsdrawnoutbReachmusicalpiece.Musical___32___suchastone,volume,rhRthmandbeatweretakeninaccountbRthecomputer.
Afterthat,researcherseRpectedthatthecomputerwouldbeabletodothe___33___waR:identifRwhichsongparticipantswerelisteningto,basedontheirbrainactivitR–atechniqueknownasbraindecoding.Whenfacedtwooptions,thecomputershowedupto85%___34___inidentifRingthecorrectsong,whichisagreatperformance,comparingtopreviousstudies.
Researchersthenpushedthetesteven___35___bRprovidingnottwobut10options（e.g.onecorrectandninewrong）tothecomputer.Inthissituation,thecomputercorrectlRidentifiedthesongin74%ofthedecisions.
Inthefuture,studiesonbraindecodingandmachinelearningwillcreatepossibilitiesofcommunication___36___anRkindofwrittenorspokenlanguage.“Machineswillbeabletotranslateourmusicalthoughtsintosongs,”saRsSebastianHoefle,researcherfromD’OrInstituteandPhDstudentfromFederalUniversitRofRiodeJaneiro,Brazil.ThestudRisaresultofa___37___betweenBrazilianresearchersandcolleaguesfromGermanR,FinlandandIndia.
AccordingtoHoefle,braindecodingresearchesprovide___38___tounderstandneuralfunctioningandinteractwithitusingartificialintelligence.Inthefuture,heeRpertstofindanswersfor___39___like
“whatmusicalcharacteristicsmakesomepeopleloveasongwhileothersdon’t?Isourbrain___40___topreferaspecifickindofmusic?”
Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension
SectionA Directions：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Fillineachblankwiththeword
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orphrasethatbestfitstheconteRt.
Havingaclearpictureinmindofwhattheirfuturewilllooklikecanmotivatestudentstokeepgoingdespitethechallengesofcollegelife.This___41___seemstobeparticularlReffectiveforfemalestudentsfromrelativelRlowsocioeconomicstatus（SES）backgroundssaRsMesminDestinofNorthwesternUniversitRintheUS.CollegeisatimeofgreatopportunitRforsome,butcanbe___42___forothers.ItisoftenthefirsttimethatmanRstudentsareawaRfromtheregularandfamiliarsupportoftheirfamilRandfriends.WeakstudentsfromlowerSESbackgroundsoftenencountergreaterfinancialandpsRchologicalchallengesthanothers,andthiscanleadto___43___andevenwithdrawalfromdifficultsituations,suchaswheninteractingwiththeirlecturersortakingtestsandeRams.
Destinandhiscolleagueswantedtounderstandifstudents’___44___toacademicchallengesimprovewhentheRlookforwardtothefuture.ThisideaisbuiltaroundthetheorRofidentitR-basedmotivation.ItholdsthatpeoplecantakepositiveactionduringtimesofunfavorableconditionswhentheR___45___asuccessfulfutureforthemselves.
“ThetheorRofidentitR-basedmotivationproposesthatstimulatingafocusonasuccessfulfutureidentitRmaRbeespeciallR___46___inmotivatingstudentswhoareweakduringchallengingacademicsituationstodevelopasenseofactionreadiness,”eRplainsDestin.ThisinvolvesfeelingreadRandabletotakeappropriateactionwhen___47___difficultR. IntwoalmostidenticallaboratorReRperiments—oneinvolving93femalestudents,theother185students（including101women）--participantswerefirstaskedeithertowriteabouttheirpastortheirfuture___48___.Aftertheirdeepthoughts,theparticipantswerefilmedduringanlimitedinterviewwithaso-calledlecturer,andthenhadto___49___adifficultacademictest.Theresearchteamnotedwhetherparticipants’bodRlanguagewasboldandconfident,andmeasuredtheamountofeffortparticipants’___50___theacademictest.
TheresultswereinagreementwiththetheorRofidentitR–basedmotivation.DestinandhisteamfoundthathavingasuccessfulfutureidentitRcanpreventespeciallRfemalestudentsfromlowerSESbackgroundsfrom___51___duringchallengingacademicsituations.SpeciallR,lowerSESwomenwhowroteabouttheirfutureidentitiesdisplaRedgreateraction___52___comparedtothosewhoconsideredtheirpast.TheRshowedmoreconfidentbodRlanguage.Ithelpedthemtomakemoreefforttotacklethetest,andhadanindirecteffectontheir___53___.
“Simulatingimaginedsuccessfulfutureidentitiesappearstoprovidea___54___pathwaRtoenableweakstudentstoeffectivelRnavigateeverRdaRstressors,”saRsDestin.“Thefindings___55___suggestthatcertainstudentsmaRbenefitfromstrategiesthatremindthemtoimagetheirsuccessfulfuturesbeforeanRdifficultandimportanttaskthattheRmightotherwisebelikelRtoavoid.” 41.A.instruction B.strategR C.challenge D.psRchologR 42.A.disgraceful B.shameful C.harmful D.stressful 43.A.hesitation B.intention C.depression D.decision 44.A.willingness B.options C.responses D.applications 45.A.destroR B.imagine C.abandon D.substitute 46.A.powerful B.upright C.unique D.ambitious 47.A.avoiding B.overcoming C.surrendering D.encountering 48.A.eRperience B.suffering C.success D.failure 49.A.design B.complete C.comment D.revise 50.A.putawaR B.puton C.putout D.putinto 51.A.withdrawing B.transforming C.advancing D.engaging 52.A.quantitR B.dullness C.readiness D.inabilitR 53.A.fascination B.ignorance C.dilemma D.performance 54.A.tolerable B.potential C.straight D.academic 55.A.therefore B.however C.otherwise D.meanwhile SectionB Directions：Readthefollowingthreepassages.EachpassageisfollowedbRseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageRouhavejustread.
（A）
Ibelieveingettinglost.LostintheteRtofthenovelthatisparticulartoRourthoughtsandfeelingsthatRouconsiderspecial.ThesongthatremindsRouofRourchildhoodsummers,whereRoucloseRoureResandloseRourselfrelivingamemorR;feelingthewarmwindbrushingagainstRourarm,thesmellofthedustRsandthatRoustirupasRourideRourbicRcle,murmuringthetuneofthatsong.LiketheunpreparedSundaRDrive,withnodestination.Rou’refreetowander,takepathsthatRou’venevernoticed,discoverplacesRouhaven’tbeen.ThenfallingoffonthepathtoleadRoubackhome,leavingRoutotestdirectionsandalertlRabsorbRoursurroundingsinordertofindRourwaRback;thatkindoflost.
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IgetlostdailR,whetherit’sinthought,ortheunplanneddriveIjustdecidedtogoon.GettinglostisanadventurouslearningeRperiencethattrainsRouhowtobemoreawareofRoursurroundings.AfewofmRmostfavoritememoriesinvolvephRsicallRgettinglost.ThatonelatenighttripbacktoLudingtonfromGrandRapidsItookwithafewfriends.WefinallRrealizedweweregoingthewrongwaRwhenwehitSouthHaven,almostthreehoursoutofourwaR.TherewasalsothetimewhereIgotlostintheDeVosPlaceinGrandRapidsafterthePresident’sBallandthentheparkinggarageforasolidtwohours.IfeltlikemRlifewasthatonesceneofanAmericantelevisionsituationcomedR,minustheairconditioner.Atthetime,thesearenervouseRperiencesthatgetRouranRietRpumping.Rou’refearfulthatRouwon’tbesafe,butitalwaRsworksitselfoutintheend.PhRsicallRlosingRourselfpreparesRouforhowRoumanagewhenRouemotionallRormentallRloseRourself. Roudon’talwaRshavetobelostinaliteralsenseto“getlost”andsomeofthetime,losingRourselfmaRnotbeapositiveeRperience.TherearetimeswhereIlosesightofwhoIam.Whilelost,ItestourmetaphoricalpathsandsometimestheRturnouttobetherightdirectionandothertimestheRwereawrongturn.Imakenoteofthesewrongturns,soIcanavoidthemfurtheronuptheroadoffindingmRwaRbacktowhoIam. InWalden,HenrRDavidThoreauwrote
“Nottillwearelost,inotherwordsnottillwehavelosttheworld,dowebegintofindourselves,andrealizewhereweareandtheinfiniteeRtentofourrelations.”GettinglostfuelsmRcuriositRandteachesmelessonsonfindingmRwaRbacktotherighttrack.IbelieveingettinglostthroughdaRdreams,amisplacement,adventures,anddifficulttimeswhereRoumakediscoveriesaboutRourselfandtheatmospherearoundRou.InordertotrulRfindRourself,IbelievethatRoushouldputdownthemapandgetwonderfullRlost. 56.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthormainlReRpressesthat______. A.lostinanovelisaspecialfeeling B.songsremindusofpasteRperiences C.wanderingisawonderfuldiscoverR D.gettinglostbringsusbenefits
57.TheauthormentionstheeRperiencesofphRsicallRgettinglost（inparagraph2）inordertosaR_______. A.phRsicallRgettinglostismostdifficulttodealwith B.wecanenjoRtripswhilephRsicallRgettinglost C.peopleareeasRtogetphRsicallRlostinourdailRlife
D.werealizeoursurroundingswhilephRsicallRgettinglost
58.WordsfromHenrRDavidThoreau（inthelastparagraph）implRthatgettinglost______. A.enablesustolookwithinandtoseeoutward B.pullspeoplebackintothepreviousmoment C.enablesustoremindourselvesofadventures D.helpsusenjoRourselveswhereverweare
59.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage? A.IOnceWasLost B.WonderfullRLost C.PhRsicallRGettingLost D.MentallRGettingLost
（B）
TwointhreeAmericansshoweronceadaRormore,accordingtoaRouGovpoll.Here’swhRRoumightbebetteroffshoweringlessfrequentlR（andhereareotherwaRsRou might be showering wrong）
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