2011 年专四真题阅读长难句分析
TEXTA 1. There is the danger that the high-speed connectivity of the Internet will reduce our attention span — that we will be incapable of reading anything of length or which requires deep concentration. 【分析】本句为主从复合句，主句主干为There is the danger。而that the high-speed connectivity of the Internet will reduce our attention span 和 that we will be incapable of reading anything of length or which requires deep concentration 均为 danger 的同位语从句，两者互为因果关系。 【译文】风险在于，互联网的高速连接会减少我们的注意力持续时间，从而导致我们不能够 阅读长篇论著，或是阅读需要高度集中注意力的书籍。 2. In such a fast-changing world, in which reality seems to be remade each day, we need the ability to focus and understand what is happening to us. 【分析】本句为主从复合句，主句主干为 we need the ability。in which reality seems to be remade each day是world的定语从句；不定式结构 to focus and understand what is happening to us 是 ability 的后置定语；名词性从句 what is happening to us 作 understand 的宾语。 【译文】在这样一个飞速变化的世界，现实世界似乎每天都在被重塑，因此，我们要能够集 中注意力，从而理解正发生在我们身上的事情。 3. Our society needs to be able to imagine the possibility of someone utterly in tune with modern technology but able to make sense of a dynamic, confusing world. 【分析】本句为主从复合句，主句主干为 Our society needs to be able to imagine the possibility。 而 utterly in tune with modern technology 和 able to make sense of a dynamic, confusing world 均 是 someone 的后置定语。 【译文】我们的社会需要让人们能够想象这种可能性，那就是，有人既能够完全适应现代技 术，又能够理解这个动态的、让人困惑的世界。
TEXT B 1. I know when the snow melts and the first robins (知更鸟) come to call, when the laughter of children returns to the parks and playgrounds, something wonderful is about to happen. 【分析】本句为主从复合句，主干为 I know something is about to happen。其中 when the snow melts and the first robins come to call, when the laughter of children returns to the parks and playgrounds, something wonderful is about to happen 为 know 的宾语从句，其中 something wonderful is about to happen 是宾语从句的主句，而 when 引导时间状语从句。 【译文】我知道，当积雪融化时，当知更鸟开始鸣叫时，当孩子们的笑声重新回荡在公园和 游乐场里时，奇妙的事情就要发生了。 2. Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi-Fi. 【分析】本句为主从复合句，主句主干为 Asking the family...is like announcing...。Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard 为 动名词结构，作整个句子的主语，而 there will be no more Wi-Fi 是 announcing 的宾语从句。 【译文】要求家人周末时从后院融化的积雪里整理冬天堆积起来的无用的东西就像宣布不再 有 Wi-Fi 一样。 3. Newly wakened from our winter’s hibernation (冬眠), yet still needing extra blankets at night, we open our windows to the first fresh air floating on the breeze and all of the natural world demanding “Awake and be clean!” 【分析】本句为主从复合句，主句为 we open our windows。分词短语 Newly wakened from our winter’s hibernation, yet still needing extra blankets at night 作伴随状语。floating on the breeze 是 air 的后置定语；而 demanding “Awake and be clean!”是 all of the natural world 的伴随状 语。
【译文】我们刚刚从冬眠状态中被唤醒，但夜里仍需额外加盖毯子。我们打开窗户，呼吸微 风吹来的新鲜空气，世间万物都在提醒我们：“醒醒，该打扫了”。 4. Biologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring’s first light, which has to do with melatonin, the sleepytime hormone (激素) our bodies produce when it’s
dark. 【分析】本句为主从复合句，主句为 Biologists offer a theory。不定式结构 to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring’s first light 是 impulse 的后置定语；which has to do with melatonin 是 impulse 的定语从句；the sleepytime hormone our bodies produce when it’s dark 是 melatonin 的同位语。 【译文】生物学家为这一冲动提供了理论解释，在春天的第一道曙光里，清理房子里每个抽 屉和橱柜的冲动与光线暗淡时身体产生的褪黑激素，即睡觉时产生的激素，有关。 5. Seeing my adult son willingly cleaning that dirty bathtub gives me hope for the future of his 12-year-old brother who, instead of working, is found to be sleeping in the seat of the window he is supposed to be cleaning. 【分析】本句为主从复合句，主句为 Seeing my adult son...gives me hope。其中动名词结构 Seeing my adult son...作整个句子的主语；who, instead of working, is found to be sleeping in the seat of the window 是 brother 的定语从句，instead of working 为插入语；而 he is supposed to be cleaning 是 window 的定语从句。 【译文】看着我那成年的儿子十分情愿地清扫着肮脏的浴缸，让我对他 12 岁的弟弟的将来 还是充满希望的——这小家伙现在不仅不干活，而且还在他本该打扫的窗户旁边的座位上睡 着了。
TEXT C 1. After World War Ⅱ, many Japanese abandoned the arranged marriage as part of their rush to adopt the more democratic ways of theirAmerican conquerors. 【分析】本句为简单句，句子主干结构为 many Japanese abandoned the arranged marriage。as part of their rush to adopt the more democratic ways of theirAmerican conquerors 是介词短语作 状语，表对象。 【译文】二战后，作为急于采纳美国征服者更为民主方式的一部分，许多日本人放弃了包办 婚姻。 2. But the Western way was often found wanting in an important respect: it didn’t necessarily produce a partner of the right economic, social, and educational qualifications. 【分析】本句为主从复合句，主句为 the Western way was often found wanting in an important respect。冒号后内容为 respect 的同位语从句。 【译文】但人们经常发现西方的恋爱结婚方式在一个重要方面有所欠缺：它并不确保能够找 到一个在经济状况、社会地位、教育方面都门当户对的伴侣。 3. The Western ideal of marrying for love is accommodated in a new omiai in which both parties are free to reject the match. 【分析】本句为主从复合句，句子主干为 The ideal is accommodated in a omiai。in which both parties are free to reject the match 是 omiai 的定语从句。 【译文】西方为爱结婚的理想包含于新的相亲中，双方都有拒绝对方的自由。
TEXT D 1. She owned and operated three McDonald’s shops in Illinois, but as a divorced mother of three
boys, she yearned for a business that would provide for her children and let her spend more time with them. 【分析】本句为并列句，第一个分句主句为 She owned and operated three McDonald’s shops。 第二个分句主句为 she yearned for a business。that would provide for her children and let her spend more time with them 作 business 的定语从句。 【译文】她在伊利诺斯州拥有并经营三家麦当劳店，但是作为三个孩子的离异妈妈，她渴望 一项既能供养孩子，又能让她有更多时间陪孩子的生意。 2. When McDonald’s decided it wanted a new bun supplier, Harrington became determined to win the contract, even though she had no experience running a bakery. 【分析】本句为主从复合句，主句主干为 Harrington became determined。不定式结构 to win the contract 是目的状语；When McDonald’s decided it wanted a new bun supplier 是时间状语从 句；even though she had no experience running a bakery 是让步状语从句。 【译文】当麦当劳确定自己需要一个新的面包供应商时，尽管哈灵顿没有经营面包店的经验， 但她下定决心要赢得合同。 3. Some of her clients’ sales have declined, but she’s found new clients and improved efficiencies to help sustain the company’s double-digit growth. 【分析】本句为并列句，第一个分句主干为 Some of her clients’ sales have declined。第二
个 分句主干为 she’s found new clients and improved efficiencies，不定式结构 to help sustain the company’s double-digit growth 是目的状语。 【译文】某些客户的的销售额在减少，但是她通过挖掘新客户并提高工作效率，从而帮助公 司维持了两位数的增长。