精心整理
英语二新题型练习（一） ?Directions:
Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbyreadinginformationfromtheleftcolumnthatcorrespondstoeachofthemarkeddetailsgivenintherightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.MakeyouransweronANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
“Universityhistory,thehistoryofwhatmanhasaccomplishedintheworld,isatbottomtheHistoryoftheGreatMenwhohaveworkedhere,”wrotetheVictorianThomasCarlyleWell,notanymoreitisnot. Suddenly,Britainlookstohavefallenoutwithitsfavoritehistoricalform.Thiscouldbenomorethanapassingliterarycraze,butitalsopointstoabroadertruthabouthowwenowapproachthepast:lessconcernedwithlearningfromourforefathersandmoreinterestedinfeelingtheirpain.Today,wewantempathy,notinspiration. FromtheearliestdaysoftheRenaissance,thewritingofhistorymeantrecountingtheexemplarylivesofgreatmen.In1337,PetrarchbeganworkonhisramblingwritingDebinsIllustribus-onFamousMen,highlightingthevirtus(orvirtue)ofclassicalheroes.Petrarchcelebratedtheirgreatnessinconqueringfortuneandrisingtothetop.ThiswasthebiographicaltraditionwhichNiccoloMachiavelliturnedonitshead.InThePrince,hechampionedcunning,ruthlessness,andboldness,ratherthanvirtue,mercyandjustice,astheskillsofsuccessfulleaders.
Overtime,theattributesofgreatnessshifted.TheRomanticscommemoratedtheleadingpaintersandauthoroftheirday,stressingtheuniquenessoftheartist’spersonexperienceratherthanpublicglory.Bycontrast,theVictorianauthorSamuelSmilewroteself-Helpasacatalogueoftheworthylivesofengineers,industrialistsandexplorers.“Thevaluableexampleswhichtheyfurnishofthepowerofself-help,ofpatientpurposeresoluteworkingandsteadfastintegrity,issuingintheformationoftrulynobleandmanlycharacter,exhibit.”wroteSmile,“whatitisinthepowerofeachtoaccomplishforhimself.”HisbiographiesofJamesWatt,RichardArkwrightandJosianWedgwoodwereheldupasbeaconstoguidetheworkingmanthroughhisdifficultlife. ThiswasallabitbourgeoisforThomasCarlyle,whofocusedhisbiographiesonthetrulyheroiclivesofMartinLuther,OliverCromwellandNapoleonBonaparte.Theseepochalfiguresrepresentedliveshardtoimitate,buttobeacknowledgedaspossessinghigherauthoritythanmeremortals. Noteveryonewasconvincedbysuchbombast.“Thehistoryofallhithertoexistingsocietyisthehistoryofclassstruggles,”wroteMarxandEngelinTheCommunistManifesto.Forthem,historydidnothing,itpossessednoimmensewealthnorwagedbattles:“Itisman,livingmanwhodoesallthat.”Andhistoryshouldbethestoryofthemassesandtheirrecordofstruggle,Assuch,itneededtoappreciatetheeconomicrealities,thesocialcontextsandpowerrelationsinwhicheachepochstood.For:“Menmaketheirownhistory,buttheydonotmakeitjustastheyplease;theydonotmakeitundercircumstanceschosenbythemselves,butundercircumstancesdirectlyfound,givenandtransmittedfromthepast.”
Thiswasthetraditionwhichrevolutionizedourappreciationofthepast.InplaceofThomasCarlyle,BritainnurturedChristopherHill,EPThompsonandEricHobsbawm.Historyfrombelowstoodalongsidebiographiesofgreatmen.Wholenewrealmsofunderstanding-fromgendertoracetoculturalstudies-wereopenedupasscholarsunpickedthemultiplicityoflostsocieties.Andittransformedpublichistorytoo:downstairsbecamejustasfascinatingasupstairs.
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精心整理 [A]emphasizedthevirtueofclassicalheroes 41.Petrarch highlightedthepublicgloryoftheleadingartists. 42.NiccolòMachia[C]focusedonepochalfigureswhoseliveswerehardtoimitate. velli [D]openedupnewrealmsofunderstandingthemassesandtheirrecordo43.SamuelSmiles fstruggle. 44.ThomasCarlyle [E]heldthathistoryshould 45.MarxandEngel[F]dismissedvirtueasunnecessaryforsuccessfulleaders. s [G]depictedtheworthylivesofengineerindustrialistsandexplorers. 练习（二） Directions: ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraphs(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points) A.Besilly B.Havefun C.Askforhelp D.Expressyouremotions. E.Don’toverthinkit F.Beeasilypleased G.Noticethings ActYourShoeSize,NotYourAge. (1)Asadults,itseemsthatwe’reconstantlypursuinghappiness,oftenwithmixedresults.Yetchildrenappeartohaveitdowntoanart-andforthemostparttheydon’tneedself-helpbooksortherapy.Instead,theylookaftertheirwellbeinginstinctivelyandusuallymoreeffectivelythanwedoasgrownups.Perhapsit’stimetolearnafewlessonsfromthem. 41___________. (2)Whatdoesachilddowhenhe’ssad?Hecries.Whenhe’sangry?Heshouts.Scared?Probablyabitofboth.Aswegrowup,welearntocontrolouremotionssotheyaremanageableanddon’tdictateourbehaviours,whichisinmanywaysagoodthing.Buttoooftenwetakethisprocesstoofarandendupsuppressingemotions,especiallynegativeones.That’saboutaseffectiveasbrushingdirtunderacarpetandcanevenmakeusill.Whatwefeelappropriatelyandthen-again,likechildren-moveon. 42__________.
AcoupleofChristmasesago,myyoungeststepdaughter,whowas9yearsoldatthetime,gotaSupermanT-shirtforChristmas.Itcostlessthanafiverbutshewasoverjoyed,andcouldn’tbiggerhouseorbettercarwillbethemagi
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精心整理
csilverbulletthatwillallowustofinallybecontent,buttherealityisthesethingshavelittlelastingimpactonourhappinesslevels.Instead,beinggratefulforsmallthingseverydayisamuchbetterwaytoimprovewellbeing. 43__________.
Haveyouevernoticedhowmuchchildrenlaugh?Ifweadultscouldindulgeinabitofsillinessandgiggling,wewouldreducethestresshormonesinourbodies,increasegoodhormoneslikeendorphins,improvebloodflowtoourheartsandeverhaveagreaterchanceoffightingoffinfection.Allofwhichwould,ofcourse,haveapositiveeffectonourhappinesslevels. 44__________.
Theproblemwithbeingagrownupisthatthere’sanawfullotofseriousstufftodealwith-work,mortgagepayments,figuringoutwhattocookfordinner.Butasadultswealsohavetheluxuryofbeingabletocontrolourowndiariesandit’simportantthatwescheduleintimetoenjoythethingwelove.Thosethingsmightbesocial,sporting,creativeorcompletelyrandom(dancingaroundthelivingroom,anyone?)-itdoesn’tmatter,solongasthey’reenjoyable,andnotlikelytohavenegativesideeffects,suchasdrinkingtoomuchalcoholorgoingonawildspendingspreeifyou’reonatightbudget. 45__________. Havingsaidalloftheabove,it’simportanttoaddthatweshouldn’ttrytoohardtobehappy.Scientiststellusthiscanbackfireandactuallyhaveanegativeimpactonourwellbeing.AstheChinesephilosopherChuangTzuisreportedtohavesaid:“Happinessistheabsenceofstrivingforhappiness.”Andinthat,oncemore,weneedtolooktotheexampleofourchildren,towhomhappinessisnotagoalbutanaturalbyproductofthewaytheylive. 练习（三） Directions: Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatext.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points) [A]Livelikeapeasant [B]Balanceyourdiet [C]Shopkeepersareyourfriends [D]Remembertotreatyourself [E]Sticktowhatyouneed [F]Planningisevervthing [G]Wastenot,wantnot ThehugelypopularblogtheSkintFoodiechronicleshowTonybalanceshisloveofgoodfoodwithlivingonbenefits.Afterbills,Tonyhas￡60aweektospend,￡40ofwhichgoesonfood,but10yearsagohewasearning￡130,000aIyearworkingincorporatecommunicationsandeatingatLondon'sbetftrestaurants'\aweek.Thenhismarriagefailed,hiscareerburnedoutandhisdrinkingbecameserious.\lhealthteamsavedmylife.AndIfeltlikethatagain,toacertaindegree,whenpeoplerespondedtotheblogsowell.ItgavemethevalidationandconfidencethatI'dlost.Butit'sstilladay-by-daything.\latandfieldingoffersfromliteraryagents.He'sfeelingpositive,buthe'llcarryonblogging-notabouteatingasch 来源网络，仅 供个人学习参考