2.6 »¯Ñ§ÖеļÆÁ¿ÎÊÌâ
Ò»¡¢ Óйػ¯Ñ§Ê½Ó뻯ѧÁ¿µÄ¼ÆËã
1¡¢ÏÂͼΪ¹þÒ©¼¯ÍÅÖÆÒ©Áù³§Éú²úµÄ¡°Ð¸ÇÖиÇÅÆ¡±¸ß¸ÆÆ¬±êÇ©ÉϵIJ¿·ÖÎÄ×Ö£¬Çë×ÐϸÔĶÁºó»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌâ¡£
[Ö÷ÒªÔÁÏ]̼Ëá¸Æ¡¢Î¬ÉúËØD [¹¦Ð§³É·Ý]²¹¸ÆÃ¿Æ¬Öк¬£º ¸Æ(ÒÔCa¼Æ)500 mgάÉúËØD 100 IU [ʳÓ÷½·¨] ÿÈÕ1´Î£¬Ã¿´Î1Ƭ [¹æ ¸ñ] 2.5g/Ƭ (1)άÉúË÷DÖÖÀà½Ï¶à£¬ÆäÖÐάÉúËØD2µÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªC28H44O£¬ÊÔ¼ÆËãάÉúËØD2µÄĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿Îª £»Î¬ÉúËØD2ÖÐC¡¢H¡¢OÎïÖʵÄÁ¿±ÈΪ ¡£
(2)¸ß¸ÆÆ¬ÖеĸÆÔªËØÒÔ ÐÎʽ´æÔÚ¡£ (Ìî×Öĸ) A£®µ¥ÖÊ B£®»¯ºÏÎï
(3)¼ÆËã¸ß¸ÆÆ¬ÖÐ̼Ëá¸ÆµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý ¡£
(4)¸ù¾ÝÄã¶Ô²¹¸Æ²úÆ·µÄµ÷²éºÍÒÑÓеĻ¯Ñ§ÖªÊ¶£¬ÅжÏÏÂÁÐÎïÖÊ ¿É×÷Ϊ²¹¸ÆÆ·Ö±½Ó·þÓõÄÊÇ (Ìî×Öĸ)¡£ A£®Ñõ»¯¸Æ B£®ÇâÑõ»¯¸Æ C£®ÆÏÌÑÌÇËá¸Æ
(5) ÓÐͬѧÌá³ö²¹¸Æ»¹¿ÉÒÔʳ²¹£¬¼´Ê¡Ç®ÓÖ²¹¸Æ¡£×ö·¨¿ÉÒÔÊÇ ¡£ (6) ʳÓÃ¸ß¸ÆÆ¬ÖеÄ̼Ëá¸Æ½øÈëθÄÚÄÜ·¢Éú»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦£¬Æä»¯Ñ§
·½³ÌʽÊÇ£º_____ ___¡£
2¡¢2008ÄêÈý¹¼¯ÍÅÔÚÄÌ·ÛÖÐÌí¼Ó¹¤Òµ²úÆ·Èý¾ÛÇè°·ÖÆÔì¶¾ÄÌ·ÛʼþÕð¾ªÈ«¹ú.ʳƷ¹¤ÒµÖг£³£ÐèÒª²â¶¨Ê³Æ·µÄµ°°×Öʺ¬Á¿£¬µ°°×ÖÊÖ÷ÒªÓɰ±»ùËá×é³É, Æäº¬µªÁ¿Ò»°ã²»³¬¹ý30%¡£Èý¾ÛÇè°·£¬»¯Ñ§Ê½C3H6N6¡£°×É«¾§Ì壬΢ÈÜÓÚË®¡£ÈËÃdz¤ÆÚÉãÈëÈý¾ÛÇè°·»áÔì³É°òëס¢Éö²¿½áʯ£¬²¢¿É½øÒ»²½ÓÕ·¢°òë×°©¡£
(1)Èý¾ÛÇè°·ÊôÓÚ____________; A.»ìºÏÎï B.ÎÞ»úÎï C.ÓлúÎï
(2) Èý¾ÛÇè°·µÄʽÁ¿Îª £»ÆäÖÐ̼¡¢Çâ¡¢µªÔªËصÄÖÊÁ¿±ÈΪ ¡£ (3)¼ÆËãÈý¾ÛÇè°·ÖеªÔªËصÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý ¡£
(4)¸ù¾ÝÄã¶ÔÈý¾ÛÇè°·µÄÁ˽⣬ÄãÄÜ˵Ã÷ÕâÖÖÖ÷ÒªÓÃÓÚ¹¤Òµ²¢ÇÒÓж¾ÐÔµÄÎïÖÊΪºÎ»á³öÏÖÔÚÓ¤¶ùµÄÄÌ·ÛÖÐÂ𣿠(5)¹¤ÒµÉϺϳÉÈý¾ÛÇè°·Ö÷ҪʹÓÃÄòËØÎªÔÁÏ£¬ÔÚ¼ÓÈȺÍÒ»¶¨Ñ¹Á¦Ìõ¼þÏ£º 6 CO(NH2)2 ¡ú C3H6N6 + 6 NH3 ¡ü+ 3 CO2¡ü
¼ÆËãÿÉú²ú5Ħ¶ûµÄÈý¾ÛÇè°·£¬ÐèÒªÄòËØ¶àÉÙǧ¿Ë£¿Éú³ÉµÄÆøÌåÔÚ±ê×¼×´¿öϵÄ×ÜÌå»ýΪ¶àÉÙ£¿£¨Ð´³ö¼ÆËã¹ý³Ì£©
3¡¢Ä³ÌþÖУ¬Ì¼ÔªËØÓëÇâÔªËØµÄÖÊÁ¿±ÈΪ12£º1£¬¸ÃÌþµÄÕôÆøÃܶÈÊÇͬÎÂͬѹÏÂÇâÆøµÄ39±¶£¬ÇóËüµÄ·Ö×Óʽ¡£
4¡¢ÒÑÖª£¬6.5gÄ³ÆøÌ¬ÌþÔÚ±ê×¼×´¿öϵÄÌå»ýÊÇ5.6L¡£(1)Çó¸ÃÌþµÄĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿¡£(2)д³ö¸ÃÌþµÄ½á¹¹¼òʽ¡£(3)Èô6.5g¸ÃÌþ±»¹ýÁ¿äåË®ÍêÈ«ÎüÊÕ£¬·´Ó¦ÖÐÏûºÄäåÖÊÁ¿Îª¶àÉÙ£¿
5¡¢Ä³ÓлúÎï1.5g£¬ÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖÐÍêȫȼÉÕ£¬½«È¼ÉÕ²úÎïÏÈͨ¹ýŨÁòËᣬÔöÖØ0.9g£¬ÔÙ½«Ê£ÓàÆøÌåͨ¹ýÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬ÈÜÒºÔöÖØ2.2g £¬±ê×¼×´¿öϸÃÓлúÎïÕôÆøÃܶÈΪ2.67g/L£¬¸ÃÓлúÎï
1
ÄÜʹ×ÏɫʯÈï±äºìÉ«£¬ÊÔÍÆ³ö·Ö×Óʽ£¬Ð´³ö½á¹¹¼òʽ¡£
6¡¢ÉèNAΪ°¢·üÙ¤µÂÂÞ³£Êý£¬ÏÂÁÐÐðÊöÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ ( ) A£®24gþµÄ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýΪNA B£®1L0.1mol¡¤LÒÒËáÈÜÒºÖÐHÊýΪ0.1NA C£®1mol¼×Íé·Ö×ÓËùº¬ÖÊ×ÓÊýΪ10NA D£®±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬22.4LÒÒ´¼µÄ·Ö×ÓÊýΪNA
7¡¢NA´ú±í°¢·ü¼ÓµÂÂÞ³£Êý¡£ÏÂÁÐÓйØÐðÊöÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ ( ) A£®±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬2.24LH2Oº¬ÓеķÖ×ÓÊýµÈÓÚ0.1NA
B£®³£ÎÂÏ£¬100mL1mol/LNa2CO3ÈÜÒºÖÐÒõÀë×Ó×ÜÊý´óÓÚ0.1NA C£®·Ö×ÓÊýΪNAµÄCO¡¢C2H4»ìºÏÆøÌåÌå»ýԼΪ22.4L£¬ÖÊÁ¿Îª28g D£®3.4gNH3Öк¬N¡ªH¼üÊýĿΪ0.2NA
-1
+
¶þ¡¢ ÓйØÈÜÒºµÄ¼ÆËã
ÓйØÈÜÒºÈܽâ¶ÈµÄ¼ÆËã ÓйØÈÜÒºÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈµÄ¼ÆËã ÓйØÈÜÒºpHµÄ¼ÆËã ÓйØÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈµÄ¼ÆËã 1¡¢½«Ä³Î¶ÈÏÂCuSO4ÈÜÒº300g, Õô·¢µô64gË®£¬»Ö¸´µ½ÔÀ´Î¶ȣ¬»ò¼ÓÈë16gÎÞË®CuSO4£¬
¾ùÄÜʹÈÜÒº´ïµ½±¥ºÍ¡£¼ÆËã¸ÃζÈÏÂCuSO4µÄÈܽâ¶ÈΪ
2¡¢£¨2003ÉϺ££©Ä³Î¶ÈÏ£¬¼×¡¢ÒÒÁ½¸öÉÕ±Öи÷Ê¢ÓÐ100 gÏàͬŨ¶ÈµÄKClÈÜÒº£¬ÏÖ½«¼×ÉÕ±ÖеÄÈÜÒºÕô·¢µô35gH2O£¬Îö³ö¾§Ìå5g£»ÒÒÉÕ±ÖеÄÈÜÒºÕô·¢µô45gH2O£¬Îö³ö¾§Ìå10g¡£ÔòÔÈÜÒºµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ£¨ £©
A 10£¥ B 15£¥ C 20£¥ D 25£¥
3¡¢½«Ä³Î¶ÈϵÄKNO3ÈÜÒº200gÆäÃܶÈΪ1.06¿Ë/Á¢·½ÀåÃ×£¬Õô·¢µô10gË®£¬»Ö¸´µ½Ôζȣ¬»òÏòÆäÖмÓÈë10gKNO3¹ÌÌ壬¾ù¿ÉʹÈÜÒº´ïµ½±¥ºÍ¡£ÊÔ¼ÆË㣺 £¨1£©¸ÃζÈÏÂKNO3µÄÈܽâ¶È¡£ £¨2£©Ôδ±¥ºÍÈÜÒºÖÐÈÜÖʵÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý¡£
£¨3£©ÔÈÜÒºµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È¡£
´ð°¸£º£¨1£©100g/100gH2O £¨2£©47.5% £¨3£©4.98mol/l
4¡¢ÔÚ±ê×¼×´¿öϽ«336L°±ÆøÈÜÓÚ1LË®ÖУ¬µÃµ½ÈÜÒºµÄÃܶÈΪ0.92g/cm3£¬¼ÆË㣻ÈÜÒºµÄÖÊÁ¿°Ù·Ö±ÈŨ¶ÈΪ £¬ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ ¡£ 5¡¢37%µÄŨÑÎËᣬÃܶÈÊÇ1.18 g/cm,ÕâÖÖÑÎËáµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ
2
3
6¡¢ÏÖÓÐ100mL18.4mol/LµÄŨÁòËᣬÃܶÈΪ1.84 g/cm
3.
£¨1£©Èç¹ûÏ¡ÊͺóÅä³É400mlÈÜÒº£¬Ï¡ÊͺóÁòËáµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ
£¨2£©Èç¹û¸ú400mlË®»ìºÏ£¬»ìºÏºóÁòËáµÄÃܶÈÊÇ1.22 g/cm£¬ËùµÃÁòËáµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ ¡£
7¡¢100mL 0.3mol/LNa2SO4ÈÜÒººÍ50mL 0.2mol/L Al2(SO4)3ÈÜÒº»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºÖÐSO4Àë×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ
A.0.2mol/L B.0.25 mol/L C.0.40mol/L D.0.50mol/L
8¡¢½«11.1gCaCl2ÈÜÓÚË®Åä³ÉÈÜÒº£¬²âµÃÈÜÒºÖÐÂÈÀë×ÓÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈΪ0.02mol/L£¬ÔòÅä³ÉÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ý ml
9¡¢È¡100mL 0.3mol/LÑÎËáºÍ300ml 0.25mol/LÁòËá×¢Èë500mLÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖУ¬¼ÓˮϡÊ͵½¿Ì¶ÈÏߣ¬¸Ã»ìºÏÎïÖÐHµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÊÇ £¬pHΪ ¡£
10¡¢Á½·ÝµÈÌå»ý¡¢µÈŨ¶ÈµÄNaOHÈÜÒº£¬·Ö±ðÓëÌå»ýÏàµÈµÄMgCl2¡¢AlCl3ÈÜÒº»ìºÏ£¬³ä·Ö·´
Ó¦ºó£¬Mg2+¡¢Al3+¾ùÇ¡ºÃÐγɳÁµí£¬ÔòÔMgCl2¡¢AlCl3ÈÜÒºÖÐCl-Ũ¶ÈÖ®±ÈΪ A£®1£º1 B£®1£º2 C£®2£º3 D£®3£º2
+
2-3
Èý¡¢ Óйػ¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽµÄ¼ÆËã
1¡¢½«3.136L£¨±ê×¼×´¿ö£©µÄÂÈÆøÍ¨Èë30mLÃܶÈΪ1.33g/cm3µÄ10.0 mol/L.ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÅ¨ÈÜÒºÖÐ,¼ÓÈÈÉÙÐíʱ¼äºó·¢ÉúÈçÏ·´Ó¦£¨Î´Å䯽£©£º
Cl2 + NaOH ¡ú NaCl + NaClO + NaClO3 + H2O ·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºÖк¬ÓÐ0.22 mol NaCl¡£
£¨1£©ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ %£¨±£ÁôÁ½Î»Ð¡Êý£©¡£ £¨2£©·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºÖк¬ÓÐNaClO3µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª mol¡£ ´ð°¸£º£¨1£©30% £¨2£© 0.04mol
2¡¢º¬ÂÁ90%µÄÂÁºÏ½ð3.0g¸ú16ml3.0mol/LµÄÑÎËá³ä·Ö·´Ó¦£¬£¨ºÏ½ðÖÐÆäËû³É·ÖÓëËá²»·´Ó¦£©¹ýÂ˺ó³ýÈ¥ÔÓÖÊ£¬½«ÂËҺϡÊ͵½1000.0ml£¬È¡³ö10.0ml£¬¼ÓÈë0.3mol/LµÄ°±Ë®£¬Ê¹ÂÁÀë×ÓÍêÈ«³Áµí¡£
Çó£¨1£©ÂÁ¸úÑÎËá·´Ó¦Éú³É¶àÉÙÉýÇâÆø£¿ £¨2£©Ï¡ÊͺóÈÜÒºÖÐÂÁÀë×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È¡£
£¨3£©Ê¹10 mlÈÜÒºÖеÄÂÁÀë×ÓÍêÈ«³Áµí£¬ÐèÒªÏûºÄ0.3mol/LµÄ°±Ë®¶àÉÙml£¿
ËÄ¡¢ ÓйØ×ۺϼÆËã 1¡¢¹ýÁ¿¼ÆËã
½«0.3 mol ZnºÍº¬0.4 mol H2SO4µÄÁòËá·´Ó¦£¬×î¶àÄÜÉú³É¶àÉÙĦ¶ûH2£¿
2¡¢»ìºÏÎï¼ÆËã
ÔÚÁòËáÄÆºÍ̼ËáÄÆµÄ»ìºÏÎï4.96gÖмÓÈë×ãÁ¿µÄ4.8%µÄÑÎËᣨÃܶÈ1.02g/L£©£¬
3