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Research the AIof Renju and the Communication

Summary:

This system will use Renju as research objects, passing to design a Renju game that can provide two kinds of dissimilarities to the play mode. to involve to of the related technique carry on the study of the first step, play more attention in the AI calculate way research aspect.

It provide two kinds of choice modes in the game:Person's machine to the war and the everyone to war.The player passes to choose the different AI grade and computer in person's machine the rightness the war a definitely superiority.Both

parties can carry on play chess in the everyone the rightness the war, the regrets chess but want to pass the approval of the other party.Can also carry out on-line chat in the meantime.AI different grade with search the depth assurance differently.This system takes depth as 2, 3, 4 is an entry-level respectively, medium class, high class.The network orders correspondence towards then using the Socket realization to order in the war to.

Key word: Renju ,AI,networks

Ŀ ¼

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