英语单项知识的讲解与练习（31）
151、would rather do something than do something
(1)、rather
可与比较级和too连用, 而fairly, quite, very不可以；
rather与形容词连用时，可放在a/ an之前或之后，但在the之后。形容词、副词前也可用fairly, quite, very(相当)来修饰，fairly指不太大的程度。
(2)、A rather than B/ rather A than B, rather than(倒不如说、是……而不是……)是选择性连词，表示 ：宁可A 也不要B/ 与其B 不如A/ 是A 而不是B。如：I, rather than you, should do the work.该做这工作的是我而不是你。
rather than还相当于other than，意为“除了……以外”，常用于否定句中。如：No school lessons were held in languages rather than English.没有一所学校使用英语以外的语言进行教学。
(3)、would rather/ would sooner that somebody did something 宁愿别人做某事(所有人称都可用，从句要用虚拟语气，用过去式表示现在或将来的动作，用过去完成式表示过去的动作)。
(4)、rather 修饰贬义形容词，fairly 修饰褒义形容词。如：I’d rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home very late last night. He came home very late last night, or rather very early this morning 或者不如说是今天凌晨回的家。
(5)、-’d rather表示意愿，主语多为第一人称。-’d better表示建议，主语多为第二、三人称。I’d rather 与表示喜好的like, enjoy, appreciate
等连用时，不表示选择，意为“相当喜欢”，rather 是程度副词。如：I’d like a cup of tea.
I would/ had rather 后接的从句通常不用that 引导，从句动词用虚拟式。如：I would/ had rather you paid me now.
(6)、有时为了加强语气而把rather than 放在句首，这时它就可搭用动名词短语。如：Rather than being criticized, he should be praised.他不该挨批评，而是该受到表扬。
(7)、I’d rather 后可接不定式的完成式，表示对已发生事项在选择上的不恰当。如：I’d rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home我宁愿昨夜去看戏而不是待在家里。
(8)、would rather 前后可用不同的主语来表示“某人宁愿让另一人做某事”，用一般过去时表示现在或将来要做的事。如：I would rather you went home now.我愿意让你现在就回家。
谈到过去的动作，要用过去完成时来表示。如：I’d rather you hadn’t done it.
(9)、would rather (not) do something than do something/ prefer something to something/ prefer doing something to doing something/ prefer to do something rather than do something/ would do something rather than do something宁愿做某事而不做某事； 练习：
①Whom would you rather ___ the picture of you?
A. have taking B. to have taken C. have take D. having to take
②I’d rather ___ the game than ___ the other player.
A. lose; hurt B. to lose; to hurt C. lose; hurting D. losing; hurt ③John wants to see you today. I would rather he ___ tomorrow than today.
A. come B. came C. should come D. has come ④What would you rather ___ yourself? I’d prefer ___ at home than ___ shopping.
A. do; to stay; going B. do; staying; going C. to do; to stay; go D. do; to stay; go
⑤Shall we go skating or stay at home? Which ___ do yourself? A. do you rather B. would you rather C. will you rather D. should you rather ⑥Do you mind if I keep pets in this building? ___.
A. I’d rather you didn’t actually B. Of course not, it’s not allowed here C. great! I love pets D. No, you can’t
⑦Rather than ___ on a crowded bus, he always prefers ___ a bike. A. ride; ride B. riding; ride C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding ⑧He would rather that you ___ the book to him now.
A. returned B. return C. are returning D. had returned ⑨I ___ to work there if I have to listen to him.
A. would not rather go B. would rather not going C. would not rather going D. would rather not go