and they are regarded by all good wives, far and near, as perfect barometers. 季节的每一更迭，气候的每一转变，乃至一天中的每一小时，都给这些山峦的奇幻色彩和形态带来变化，远近的主妇都把这些看作是准确的晴雨表。 III. 为了生动 英语原文中即使没有词的重复，翻译时为了使译文生动，有时也可以采用下列各种重复手段。 1， 运用两个四字词组 汉语中有大量的四字词组，这是汉语的一大特点。四字词组比较精炼，念起来顺口，有节奏感，如运用恰当，可使文字生动活泼增强修辞效果。为了使译文符合忠实、通顺的标准，译者有时可酌情运用两个同义或近义的四字词组，这也可以说是一种重复。 But there had been too much publicity about my case. 但我的事现在已经搞得满城风雨，人人皆知了。 The streets were overrun by Hitler’s bullies. 那时希特勒的暴徒在街上横行霸道，无恶不作。 Target priorities were established there. 目标的轻重缓急，孰先孰后，是在那里决定的。 2， 运用词的重叠 词的重迭是汉语中常用的一种修辞手段。古代诗词中有很多这类例子，如：“青青河畔草，郁郁园中柳”、“年年岁岁花相似，岁岁年年人不同”、“寻寻觅觅，凄凄惨惨戚戚”等等。在散文中也可经常见到词的重迭运用，如“清楚”往往说成“清清楚楚”，“明白”往往说成“明明白白”。英译汉时，我们可适当采用词的重迭，特别时四字重迭词组，使译文生动活泼，通顺达意。 I had been completely honest in my replies, withholding nothing. 我的回答完全是坦坦荡荡，直言无隐。 His children, too, were as ragged and wild as if they belonged to nobody. 他的那些孩子，也是穿得破破烂烂，粗野不堪，就象没有父母似的。 With his tardiness, carelessness and appalling good humor, we were sore perplexed. 他老是磨磨蹭蹭，马马虎虎，脾气又好得惊人，我们都对他毫无办法。 3， 运用四字对偶词组 汉语中有不少四字对偶词组，在这个四字中前后两对字形成对偶，往往具有相同或类似的含义，所以也是一种重复。英译汉时我们可酌情采用此类对偶四字词组，使译文显得生动活泼。
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great contributions gratitude ingratitude prosperity eternal glory to vivid hesitate arrogance grotesque careless in chaos street gossip rumors 丰功伟绩 感恩戴德 忘恩负义 繁荣昌盛 永垂不朽 生动活泼 彷徨犹豫 骄傲自大 奇形怪状 粗心大意 乌烟瘴气 街谈巷议 流言蜚语 I was admittedly shy. 我是以腼腆胆怯著称的。 It was a bright September afternoon, and the streets of New York were brilliant with moving men. 这是九月的一个晴朗的下午，纽约的大街上，人来人往，五光十色。 Whatever initial worries we had about the plane soon vanished. 不管开始时我们对这架飞机有什么不放心，这种顾虑不久就烟消云散了。 If this was a time of triumph for the many, it was a painful period for the few. 多数人兴高采烈之日，却是少数人伤心失意之时。 Exercises 试译下列各句，重复斜体的名词： We should learn how to analyze and solve problems. 我们应学会如何分析问题和解决问题。 It is our duty to rebuild and defend our homeland. 重建家园和保卫家园是我们的职责。 试译下列各句，重复斜体前置词前的名词： The prisoners often got into argument with each other or with the guard. 囚犯们经常彼此争吵，或者同看守争吵。 Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration. 无知是羡慕的根源，也是恐惧的根源。 试译下列各句，重复斜体的动词：
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People forget your face first, then your name. 人们首先忘记你的容貌，接着又忘记你的名字。 This requires care and, for difficult problems, great experience. 这就需要细心，而且对许多困难问题来说，还需要丰富的经验。 试译下列各句，重复斜体前置词前的动词： Grammar deals with the structure of language, English grammar with the structure of English, French grammar with the structure of French, etc. 语法论述语言的结构，英语语法论述英语的结构，法语语法论述法语的结构，等等。 They talked of things they longed for — of meat and of hot soup and of the richness of butter. 他们谈到了他们所渴望的那些东西——谈到了肉类，谈到了热汤，谈到了黄油的丰富营养。 试译下列各句，重复斜体代词所代表的名词： Ignoring a problem does not solve it. 对于一个问题置之不理，并不能解决问题。 But there are clues, and they seem to bear out my earlier suspicion. 但还是有蛛丝马迹可寻的。这些蛛丝马迹似乎都足以证实我最初的揣测。 试译下列各句，注意对斜体的名词运用重复手段： Big families had their own difficulties. 大家庭有大家庭的难处。 Each had his own business to handle. 各人有各人的事要处理。 Whoever works hard will be respected. 谁工作努力，谁就会受到尊重。 第 页
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