开封中英文介绍
版本一：
Hello everyone, today my presentation is about my hometown .it is an old city. Firstly，let’s play a game. I’ll give you 3 pictures Please guess the city’s name.
Kaifeng ，a prefecture-level city（地级市） in eastern Henan province, located along the southern bank of the Yellow River ，is one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China.
During the Song Dynasty, it was called Dongjing or Bianjing ,then, Kaifeng was the capital of China ,with a population of over 400,000, living both inside and outside the city wall. Typhus was an acute problem of the city.And Kaifeng reached its peak of importance in the 11th century, when it was a commercial and industrial center at the intersection of four major canals. During this time, the city was surrounded by three rings of city walls and probably had a population of 600,000 to 700,000. It is believed that Kaifeng was the largest city in the world from 1013 to 1127.
张择端 清明上河图 清明上河园As the representative work of Zhang Zeduan, a famous palace painter living in the late Northern Song Dynasty, Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is a handscroll of painting reflecting the life and customs of the Northern Song Dynasty.Additionally, the most famous construction of the antique buildings is the Garden Landscape in Qingming Festival at Bian River，and it is built based on the Qingming scroll。
名胜古迹简介 As the capital cities of Kingdom Wei(Warring States Period),Liang, Jin，Han, Zhou(the five dynasties), Song dynasty and the end of Jin dynasty, Kaifeng was founded in 4500 years ago, named Qifeng in Xia dynasty. Therefore, there are a lot of places of historic interest, such as Longting, Tower Bo，the tower of Kaibao temple(Kaifeng iron tower), Great Xiangguo Temple and the place of interest around the lord bao lake.
包公祠Lord Bao Memorial Temple is located in Baohe Park just southwest of the city center. It was initially built in 1066 in memory of Baozheng, a famous upright officer during the Northern Song Dynasty (960 - 1127). Lord Bao Memorial Temple is a typical ancient architectural complex with style imitating that of the Song Dynasty. Covering an area of one hectare,
铁塔The Iron Pagoda is located in Iron Pagoda Park in the northeast part of the city, this structure was built in 1049 during the Northern Song Dynasty. With a history of more than nine hundred years, it is one of the earliest constructions made of glazed bricks and tiles in China. It got its name from the iron-gray color of its glazed bricks. The octagonal pagoda is fifty-five meters high (with its foundation buried in silt from the Yellow River) and has thirteen levels. Although it was constructed of glazed bricks of different shapes and sizes, it looks very much like a
huge wooden pillar, with carved patterns of Buddhas, flowers, human figures and legendary animals, all representing the highly developed workmanship of the Song Dynasty. The top of the pagoda affords a good view of the whole city of Kaifeng.
夜市 小吃Kaifeng offers a wide range of food specialities such as steaming pie and Chinese dumpling. In the evening, Kaifeng's streets turn into restaurants while hundreds open their stands and begin selling their food in the famous night market. Often people from the nearby Zhengzhou come to Kaifeng to spend an evening with their family as the atmosphere is very appealing. Less adventurous Western tourists may prefer to eat inside the restaurants and just have their drinks outside because they might not want to try chicken feet, pork feet or bucks. Particularly famous is Kaifeng's five-spice bread (wǔxiāng shāobǐng), which, like pita, can be opened and filled.
The lively unusual snack night market is this old city one of allnight long big characteristics. it has many varieties, if completely eats, perhaps you could not be able to return to the hotel. 版本二：
Kaifeng , known previously by several names (see below), is a prefecture-level city in eastern Henan province, People's Republic of China. Located along the southern bank of the Yellow River, it borders the provincial capital of Zhengzhou to the west, Xinxiang to the northwest, Shangqiu to the east, Zhoukou to the southeast, Xuchang to the southwest, and the province of Shandong to the northeast.
Kaifeng is one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China. As with Beijing, there have been many reconstructions during its history.In 364 BC during the Warring States Period, the State of Wei founded a city called Daliang as its capital in this area. During this period, the first of many canals in the area was constructed linking a local river to the Yellow River. When the State of Wei was conquered by the State of Qin, Kaifeng was destroyed and abandoned except for a mid-sized market town, which remained in place.
Early in the 7th century, Kaifeng was transformed into a major commercial hub when it was connected to the Grand Canal as well as through the construction of a canal running to western Shandong Province. 河南开封的中文介绍
河南省，简称“豫”，位于中国中东部黄河中下游，因其大部分位于黄河以南而得名，省会郑州。与山东、安徽、湖北、陕西、山西、河北相邻，是中华文明和中华民族的发源地，中原河洛、三商文化源远流长，汉字文化、姓氏文化、根亲文化、诗词文化、功夫文化等博大精深；省内文物古迹、风景名胜众多，少林寺、龙门石窟、殷墟、清明上河园、嵩山、云台山等闻名海内外。远古时期，黄河中下游地区河流纵横，森林茂密，野象众多，河南又被形象地描述为人牵象之地，这就是象形字“豫”的根源，也是河南简称“豫”的由来。《尚书·禹贡》将天下分为“九州”，豫州位居天下九州之中，故有中原、中州之称。
开封古称东京（亦有汴梁、汴京之称），简称汴，位于河南省东部，在中国版图上处于豫东大平原的中心位置，是我国七大古都之一，是中国优秀旅游城市，享有七朝都会、文化名城、大宋故都、菊城之盛名。开封与洛阳、郑州、安阳、西安、北京、南京、杭州并称中国八大古都，是中原地区的重要旅游城市和对外开放城市，因而悠久历史，文化积淀深厚。
开封建城的历史已有3000多年，开封之名源于春秋时期，因郑国庄公选此地修筑储粮仓城，取“启拓封疆”之意，定名“启封”。汉代景帝时（公元前156年），为避汉景帝刘启之讳，将启封更名为开封。自公元前364年至公元1233年，先后有战国时期的魏，五代的后梁、后晋、后汉、后周，北宋和金七个王朝在此建都，历经千年梦华。蒙古灭金建元，在全国设立11个简称行省，中原设河南江北行中书省，这是河南称省之始，省会及路治都设在汴梁路的开封，后开封一直是河南的省会。直到1954年，省会由开封迁往郑州， 开封变为省辖市。
北宋画家张择端绘制的巨幅画卷《清明上河图》，生动形象地描绘了东京开封城的繁华景象。北宋也是继唐代以后科技、文化、艺术发展的又一鼎盛时期，创造了一代灿烂辉煌对后世影响深远的宋文化。清正廉明的包公，满门忠烈的杨家将，图强变法的王安石，民族英雄岳飞等历史名人，都曾在开封留下光辉的足迹，他们的丰功伟绩，作为民族文化，至今仍在海内外广为传颂。同时，开封的民风民俗主要有庙会、灯会、鸟市、菊花、夜市、风筝、斗鸡、 盘鼓 ，特色景观则有龙亭、包公祠、清明上河园、铁塔、大相国寺、翰园碑林、开封府、金明池等。
《东京梦华录》是宋代孟元老的笔记体散记文，凡十卷，约三万言，是一本追述北宋都城东京开封府城市风貌的著作。所记大多是宋徽宗年间北宋都城东京开封的情况，描绘了这一时期居住在东京的上至王公贵族、下及庶民百姓的日常生活情景，是研究北宋都市社会生活、经济文化的一部极其重要的历史文献内容。人们往往将其与《清明上河图》视同姐妹之作，二者对于考察研究北宋城市经济发展史的工作都具有重要意义。同时，《东京梦华录》开创了以笔记描述城市风土人情、掌故名物的新体裁，为以后反映南宋都城临安的同类著作《梦粱录》等所沿用。
《清明上河图》，北宋时期张择端的风俗画作品，中国十大传世名画之一。宽24.8厘米，长528.7厘米，该画卷是北宋画家张择端存世的仅见的一幅精品，属国宝级文物，现存于北京故宫博物院。作品以长卷形式，精致的工笔记录了北宋末期、徽宗时代首都汴京（今河南开封）郊区和城内汴河两岸的建筑和民生，生动地记录了中国12世纪城市生活的面貌，这在中国乃至世界绘画史上都是独一无二的。