1. 被用来 2. 考虑 3. 有道理
4. 电话是什么时候发明的？ 5. 我认为是1876年发明的。 6. 它们是用来干什么的呢？ 7. 你能帮我考虑一种发明吗？
8. 它真的是如此伟大的一项发明吗？
9. 考虑一下它在我们的日常生活中使用的多么频繁。 10. 不同发明的先锋都被列了出来。 11. 在那时，它还没有被广泛地应用。
discover, invent和find都是动词, 它们的词义相近, 但是有区别:
★discover意为“发现”, 指发现某种本来存在,但以前未被发现或未为人所知的事物或现象。 The lost bike was discovered at the bus stop. 丢了的自行车在公共汽车站那儿找到了。 Later I discovered that he was so kind. 后来我才发现他那么善良。
★invent 意为“发明”, 指发明以前不存在的东西。 Do you know who invented the computer? 你知道谁发明的电脑吗？
★find 意为“找到, 发现”, 指偶然发现或几乎没有困难地发现。 I found some old photos in that drawer. 我在那个抽屉里发现了一些旧照片。 练一练
1). Edison _________ the electric lamp. 2). I lost my necklace last night. I haven’t ________ it.
3). Who ___________ America first 4). The telephone _______ in 1876.
A. invented B. was invented C. was found D. was discovered
3. Can you help me think of an invention? My pleasure.
My pleasure也可说成It’s a / my pleasure.或 A pleasure ，意思是“我的荣幸；愿为你效劳；这是件愉快的事”。
— Will you please help me take the books to the classroom? 请你帮我把这些书带到教室里去好吗？ — My pleasure. / It's a pleasure. 愿为你效劳。
★ at (one's) pleasure 随便
You are free to come and go at your pleasure. 来去自由, 悉听尊便。
★ take pleasure in以某事为乐,喜欢做某事 ★ with pleasure 愉快地, 高兴地, 没问题
1
4. Well, you do seem to have a point …
you do seem to have a point … 是个强调句，用“助动词do +谓语动词原形”的结构。 He does look well.
他的确看起来气色很好。 You did give me a fright. 你真把我给吓了一跳。 5.have a point 有道理
I admit (that) you have a point. 我承认你有理。
I guess you have a point there. 我想你说的有道理。
1) mention表示“提到；提及”，是及物动词，其后接名词或代词作宾语时，无需用任何介词；另外注意不接双宾语。如：
He never mentioned his girl friend to me.
/ He never mentioned to me that he had a girl friend. 他从未向我提及他有个女朋友。
2) 若后接动词，要用动名词，不能用不定式
Whenever I mention playing football, he says he’s too busy. 我一提起踢足球，他就说太忙。
3) not to mention意为“更不用说; 还不算”
He can speak French, German and Japanese, not to mention English. 他会说法语，德语和日语，更不用说英语
4) 口语中说 Don’t mention it. 主要用来回答感谢，有时也用来回答道歉。如： A：Thank you very much. 多谢你了。 B：Don’t mention it. 不客气。 A：I’m sorry to have troubled you. 对不起打扰你了。 B：Don’t mention it. 没关系。 sectionB 1a-1e
流传到其它国家 spread to other countries 偶然；意外地 by accident 据说… It is said …
在户外的火上 over an open fire 掉入水中；落入水中 fall into the water 发生；出现 take place 毫无疑问；的确 without doubt . by mistake 错误地
I took his backpack by mistake. 我错拿了他的书包。
He put salt in her cup of tea by mistake. 他错把盐放进她的茶里。 mistake 1. n. 错误
2
I used to make mistakes in spelling． 我过去常常犯拼写错误。 2. v. 弄错; 误解
You mistook my meaning entirely. 你完全误解了我的意思。
mistake ... for ... 错把??当成?? Don't mistake me for an American. 不要把我误会成美国人。 by mistake与by accident 1) by mistake意为“错误地”
I took her umbrella by mistake last night because they are the same style．
昨晚我错拿了她的雨伞，因为它们的样式一样。 2) by accident意为“偶然地；意外地” The idea came to him by accident． 很偶然地他想到了这个主意。
I’m sorry to take your umbrella _______yesterday; here’s the umbrella． A. by accident B. by the way C. by guess D. by mistake
in the end 最后，终于 (相当于finally 或 at last) In the end, they found their teacher. 最后，他们找到了他们的老师。 I was saved in the end. 我最后获救了。
by the end常和of相连，用于指时间，意为“到??底(末)为止” They can finish the work by the end of this month. 到这个月底的时候，人们能完成这项工作。
at the end of可以指时间，也可指处所，意为“在??尽头，在??结束时”。 At the end of the road, you can see the shop. 在这条路的尽头，你能看到那家商店。
At the end of last term, we had an English exam. 上在学期结束时，我们举行了一次英语测试。 section B 2a-3b 1. for fun为了好玩
She wrote for fun for many years before starting to write seriously for a living. 在她开始正正经经地为谋生而写作之前，许多年她以写作自娱。 I am not saying it for fun.
我说这话并不是在开玩笑。 have fun 玩得高兴,过得快活
I had great fun playing cards with them. 我和他们玩纸牌非常有趣。 make fun of开玩笑
People make fun of her because she wears such a strange hat. 人们取笑她,因为她戴了一顶那么怪的帽子。
3
2. It is believed that … 意为“人们认为??”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，相当于相当于People believe that …。 It is believed that health is above wealth. 人们都相信健康重于财富。 类似的句型还有：
It is said that … (据说??)
It is supposed that … (据猜测??) It is reported that … (据报道??) divide v. 分开，分散
The river divides and forms two streams. 河流在这儿分开,形成两条小河。
Please don't let such a small matter divide us. 请不要让这样的小事使我们不和。 divide … into 把??分成 Divide the cake into equal parts. 把蛋糕分成等份。
…, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players. 这是“with+名词+分词”的结构，作伴随状语 She fell asleep with the light burning. 她点着灯睡着了。
With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫 … see people playing basketball in parks, …
see sb. doing sth.是指“看见某人正在做某事”，不是全过程，表正在进行。 I saw her cleaning the classroom. 我看到她正在扫打教室。
see sb. do sth. 是指“看见某人做过某事”, 是看着事情发生的全过程 I saw her clean the classroom. 我看到她打扫教室了。
像see 这样的感官动词还有hear, feel, watch, notice (注意到), 都可以跟do 或doing分别表不同的意思 。
I heard him play the piano. 我听到他弹钢琴了。
I heard him playing the piano. 我听到他正在弹钢琴。
Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become a popular sport to watch.
not only … but also 不但…而且…
not only … but also 应连接两个相对称的并列成分 Not only you but also he has to leave. （连接两个主语）
说明：若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。 I not only play tennis but also practise shooting. （连接两个谓语动词）
4
He plays not only the piano but also the violin. （连接两个宾语）
They speak English not only in class but also in the dormitory. （连接两个地点状语）
一、任务型阅读。
Sometimes the greatest things are invented by mistake. The greatest mistake of all time could be those delicious snacks in your comer drugstore.
One day, a woman was making chocolate cookies. When she ran out of chocolate powder (粉), she took out a chocolate bar and broke it into little pieces. She added the pieces to her cookie dough (面团) and baked (烘烤) it. She thought that the chocolate would (1) melt in the oven and make chocolate cookies. Far from melting, the pieces of chocolate stayed hard. When she took them out of the oven, she had chocolate chip cookies!
Another accidental invention was made by Frank Epperson, an elevenyearold boy. In 1905, Frank sat outside on a winter evening, mixing up a big jug (罐) of powdered soda pop. Frank accidentally left the jug out during the night. When he went outside the next morning, he found the mixture in the jug frozen (冻僵) with the mixing stick stuck in the middle. Frank pulled out the frozen pop and tasted it. It was delicious! Frank started
selling Epperson Icicles for 5 cents each. He later changed the name to (2) Popsicles.
So, the next time you drop your hamburger into your ice cream or your cooked potatoes into your chicken soup, don't worry! Some of the most delicious foods in the world were invented that way! 根据短文内容，完成下列任务。
任务一 请根据短文，猜测画线单词(1)melt的意思。将答案的字母代号填写在横线上。 A．change into water B．change into ice
任务二 请根据短文内容，完成chocolate chip cookies的制作过程。
任务三 请列举文中与(2)Popsicles同义的另外两个表述。
任务四 请从文章中找出能够概括本文主旨大意的一个句子。 二、阅读理解。
People are always afraid of making mistakes. But sometimes it's not bad to make mistakes, and here is why.
At first, mistakes are a clear sign that you are trying new things. It's always good to try new things, because when you are trying new things you are growing. If you never try new things, how can you improve? How can you create? The simple answer is, “You can't.” look around you, everything you see is the result of someone trying new things.
Another good thing about mistakes is this: when you are making mistakes, you are learning. Consider this: Edison failed 10，000 times before he invented the light bulb. When he was asked
5
how he felt to fail that many times, he said that he hadn't failed 10，000 times, but rather had learnt 10，000 things that didn't work.
Finally, when you make a mistake, you are that much closer to success. Why? Because you have said what you should say, and you have done what you should do. Every time you make a mistake, you are closer to success. But it doesn't mean that you can make mistakes without thinking. Instead, when you try new things you have to think them over, so that you can keep away form some unnecessary mistakes.
We shouldn't spend all our time and money on the only one way, but use the correctly. Because our time and money are limited(有限的).
There is an old saying, “If you are not making mistakes, you are not trying hard enough.” So go bravely and make mistakes. And learn. And grow. And succeed. 6．If you make a mistake, that means ． A．you're careful B．you're kind C. you're growing
7．If you never try new things, you can't . A．improve B．create C. A and B
8．After Edison failed 10，000 times, he . A．gave up
B．invented the light bulb C．invented the computer
9．When you make a mistake, you are closer to . A．time B．money C．success 10．What's the main idea of this passage？ A．Never make mistakes.
B．You can make mistakes without thinking. C．Sometimes it's good to make mistakes.
6