Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2016·山东诊断]A rare butterfly has been discovered in Britain for the first time in 60 years, having moved from Eastern Europe. The only previous record of a wild yellow－legged Tortoiseshell in Britain was in 1953, when it was seen just once in Sevenoaks, Kent. Several weeks ago, there were already four confirmed sightings, along the East coast in Norfolk, Suffolk and Kent, and six further reports of the butterfly in coastal areas. Conservationistsareveryexcitedaboutthesightings, whicharerareinthebutterflyworld.S
The butterflies are thought to have flown on easterly winds across Europe in the last few weeks. The large and colourful insect mainly lives in Eastern Europe. In recent years, it has spreadW1 into Scandinavia and its number increases rapidly during warm weather. Also known as the Scarce Tortoiseshell, it has an orange and blue colour and is about one third bigger than our own Small Tortoiseshell.
Butterfly Conservation was starting its annualW2 Big Butterfly Count, a yearly survey of the butterflies across the nation. Sir David Attenborough, President of the charity, said, “The UK is a nation of amateur naturalists and we have a proud tradition of celebrating and studying our wildlife. By takingpartinP1 the Big Butterfly Count this summer, you can contribute to discovering the fantasticW3 butterflies and other wildlife that share your garden, parks and countryside.”He added, “Butterflies_fought_back last year after a terrible 2012 but despite this, butterfly numbers were still below averageW4. Three quarters of the UK's butterflies are in declineW5 and one third are in danger of dyingoutP2. This is bad news for the UK's birds, bees, bats and other wildlife.
本文讲述的是一种稀有蝴蝶最近在美国被发现，并讲述了与保护蝴蝶有关的一些情况。 1．These rare butterflies usually live in ________. A．Eastern Europe
B．Norfolk, Suffolk and Kent C．coastal areas D．Sevenoaks, Kent
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段“having moved from Eastern Europe”可以判断答案。 2．The annual Big Butterfly Count is intended to ________. A．inspire amateurs' studying interest B．teach people to do good gardening C．study butterflies across Britain D．celebrate naturalists' contributions
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第三段“a yearly survey of the butterflies across the nation”可知答案是C。
3．What do the underlined words probably mean in the last paragraph? A．Butterflies' number increased.
B．Butterflies struggled to survive. C．Butterflies were dying out. D．Butterflies felt like fighting.
答案：A 词义猜测题。根据下文“after a terrible 2012 but despite this, butterfly numbers were still below average”可以猜测，该句表示“蝴蝶”数量增加，“but despite”为关键信息。
4．What's the main idea of the text? A．Butterflies are quite rare in Britain. B．Butterflies like travelling frequently. C．A rare butterfly appeared in Britain. D．The butterfly world changed a lot.
答案：C 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知主题，从第二段到最后均是在分析蝴蝶保护的相关情况，故答案是C。
W重点词汇 1．spread vt. 传播 2．annual adj./n. 每年的；年刊 3．fantastic adj. 极好的；壮观的 4．average adj. 平均的；一般的 5．decline n．/vi. 下降；减少 P重点短语
1．take part in 参加(活动) 2.die out 灭绝；消失 S句式仿写
原文：Conservationists are very excited about the sightings, which are rare in the butterfly world.(非限制性定语从句)
译文：保护者看到这一场景非常的兴奋，这在蝴蝶界是很罕见的场景。 仿写：The weather turned out to be good, which_was_more_than_we_could_expect. 天气转晴了，这大大的超出了我们的预料。
B
[2016·唐山摸底]Soccer is not a violentW1 game. But players can hit the ball with their head to purposely change the direction of the ball. In the sport this move isknownasP1 a header. Unfortunately, they may sometimes crash into other players, the ground or goal posts. During the World Cup semifinal soccer match in Sao Paulo, Brazil, July 2014，Netherlands' DirkKuytwentforaheaderwithArgentina'sJavierMascheranoandEzequielGaray, makinghiscompetitorsinjuredW2inhead.S
Catherine McGill is a neuropsychologist (神经心理学家) at the Children's National Health System in Houston. She examines many children who have suffered concussions (脑震荡)，which are the most common brain injury. She says concussions from soccer and other youth sports are increasing.
“Firstly, parents, coaches, and medical providers alike are getting better at recognizing and responding to the injury, and it's a huge proofW3 to media paying more attentiontoP2 this and leagues (联队) paying more attention to the safety of their players. Also, kids are getting bigger, faster, stronger across the sports, and so more injuries may be occurring simply because of that.”
Catherine McGill spoke at a recent conferenceW4 on ways to make soccer safer for young players which was held recently in New York. She says researchers are examining the effects of soccer－related head injuries. They want to know whether repeated hits to the head can cause CTE, which is a brain disorder that worsens as a person ages.
She says parents often ask what age children should start “heading” or whether there should be “heading” at all. She thinks it's a very individualW5 decision. The age for one child may be quite different from another.
本文讲述的是足球比赛中“头球”对大脑的影响。 5．According to the passage, Dirk Kuyt is probably ________. A．a league leader C．a doctor
his competitors injured in head.”可知。
6．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Young soccer players are stronger and swifter nowadays. B．Parents are getting better at dealing with head injuries. C．Media are paying more attention to such injuries in sports. D．Leagues are more concerned about the safety of their players.
答案：A 词义猜测题。that常用来指上文中的内容，故根据“kids are getting bigger, faster, stronger across the sports”可猜测答案。
7．What can we learn from Catherine McGill's research? A．Heading is a common move for players in soccer matches. B．Children can start heading at any age in playing soccer. C．CTE is mainly caused by soccer－related head injuries. D．Concussions from soccer and other youth sports are on the rise.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“concussions from soccer and other youth sports are increasing.”可知。
8．What's the main purpose of the passage? A．To entertain us with exciting soccer matches. B．To warn us of something dangerous in sports. C．To inform us of risks of heading in soccer. D．To share ways to make soccer safer for children.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据神经心理学家的研究发现，经常“头球”可能会存在着脑震荡的风险。因此，写作目的可知答案是C。
W重点词汇
B．a soccer player D．a coach
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Dirk Kuyt went for a header with ..., making