3.3
(1)对家庭书刊消费对家庭月平均收入和户主受教育年数计量模型,由Eviews分析结果如下:
Dependent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 12/24/15 Time: 09:03 Sample: 1 18 Included observations: 18
Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. X 0.086450 0.029363 2.944186 0.0101 T 52.37031 5.202167 10.06702 0.0000 C -50.01638 49.46026 -1.011244 0.3279 R-squared 0.951235 Mean dependent var 755.1222
Adjusted R-squared 0.944732 S.D. dependent var 258.7206 S.E. of regression 60.82273 Akaike info criterion 11.20482 Sum squared resid 55491.07 Schwarz criterion 11.35321 Log likelihood -97.84334 Hannan-Quinn criter. 11.22528 F-statistic 146.2974 Durbin-Watson stat 2.605783 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000
①模型为:Y = 0.086450X + 52.37031T-50.01638
②对模型进行检验:
1)可决系数是0.951235,修正的可决系数为0.944732,说明模型对样本拟合较好。 2)F检验,F=539.7364> F(2,15)=4.77,回归方程显著。
3)t检验,t统计量分别为2.944186,10.06702,均大于t(15)=2.131,所以这些系数都是显著的。
③经济意义:家庭月平均收入增加1元,家庭书刊年消费支出增加0.086450元,户主受教育年数增加1年,家庭书刊年消费支出增加52.37031元。
(2)用Eviews分析: ①
Dependent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 12/24/15 Time: 09:18 Sample: 1 18 Included observations: 18
Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic T 63.01676 4.548581 13.85416 C -11.58171 58.02290 -0.199606 R-squared 0.923054 Mean dependent var
Adjusted R-squared 0.918245 S.D. dependent var S.E. of regression 73.97565 Akaike info criterion Sum squared resid 87558.36 Schwarz criterion Log likelihood -101.9481 Hannan-Quinn criter. F-statistic 191.9377 Durbin-Watson stat Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000
②
Dependent Variable: X Method: Least Squares Date: 12/24/15 Time: 09:34 Sample: 1 18 Included observations: 18
Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic T 123.1516 31.84150 3.867644 C 444.5888 406.1786 1.094565 R-squared 0.483182 Mean dependent var
Adjusted R-squared 0.450881 S.D. dependent var S.E. of regression 517.8529 Akaike info criterion Sum squared resid 4290746. Schwarz criterion Log likelihood -136.9753 Hannan-Quinn criter. F-statistic 14.95867 Durbin-Watson stat Prob(F-statistic) 0.001364
以上分别是y与T,X与T的一元回归
模型分别是:
Y = 63.01676T - 11.58171 X = 123.1516T + 444.5888
Prob. 0.0000 0.8443 755.1222 258.7206 11.54979 11.64872 11.56343 2.134043
Prob. 0.0014 0.2899 1942.933 698.8325 15.44170 15.54063 15.45534 1.052251
(3)对残差进行模型分析,用Eviews分析结果如下: Dependent Variable: E1 Method: Least Squares Date: 12/24/15 Time: 09:39 Sample: 1 18 Included observations: 18
Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic E2 0.086450 0.028431 3.040742 C 3.96E-14 13.88083 2.85E-15 R-squared 0.366239 Mean dependent var
Adjusted R-squared 0.326629 S.D. dependent var S.E. of regression 58.89136 Akaike info criterion Sum squared resid 55491.07 Schwarz criterion Log likelihood -97.84334 Hannan-Quinn criter. F-statistic 9.246111 Durbin-Watson stat Prob(F-statistic) 0.007788
模型为:
E1 = 0.086450E2 + 3.96e-14
参数:斜率系数α为0.086450,截距为3.96e-14
Prob. 0.0078 1.0000 2.30E-14 71.76693 11.09370 11.19264 11.10735 2.605783
(3)由上可知,β2与α2的系数是一样的。回归系数与被解释变量的残差系数是一样的,它们的变化规律是一致的。
3.6
(1)预期的符号是X1,X2,X3,X4,X5的符号为正,X6的符号为负 (2)根据Eviews分析得到数据如下: Dependent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 12/24/15 Time: 10:13 Sample: 1994 2011 Included observations: 18
Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. X2 0.001382 0.001102 1.254330 0.2336 X3 0.001942 0.003960 0.490501 0.6326 X4 -3.579090 3.559949 -1.005377 0.3346 X5 0.004791 0.005034 0.951671 0.3600 X6 0.045542 0.095552 0.476621 0.6422 C -13.77732 15.73366 -0.875659 0.3984 R-squared 0.994869 Mean dependent var 12.76667
Adjusted R-squared 0.992731 S.D. dependent var 9.746631 S.E. of regression 0.830963 Akaike info criterion 2.728738 Sum squared resid 8.285993 Schwarz criterion 3.025529 Log likelihood -18.55865 Hannan-Quinn criter. 2.769662 F-statistic 465.3617 Durbin-Watson stat 1.553294 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000
①与预期不相符。
②评价:
1) 可决系数为0.994869,数据相当大,可以认为拟合程度很好。 2) F检验,F=465.3617>F(5.12)=3,89,回归方程显著
3) T检验,X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6 系数对应的t值分别为:1.254330,0.490501,-1.005377,
0.951671,0.476621,均小于t(12)=2.179,所以所得系数都是不显著的。
(3)根据Eviews分析得到数据如下: Dependent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 12/24/15 Time: 10:20 Sample: 1994 2011 Included observations: 18
Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. X5 0.001032 2.20E-05 46.79946 0.0000 X6 -0.054965 0.031184 -1.762581 0.0983 C 4.205481 3.335602 1.260786 0.2266 R-squared 0.993601 Mean dependent var 12.76667
Adjusted R-squared 0.992748 S.D. dependent var 9.746631 S.E. of regression 0.830018 Akaike info criterion 2.616274 Sum squared resid 10.33396 Schwarz criterion 2.764669 Log likelihood -20.54646 Hannan-Quinn criter. 2.636736 F-statistic 1164.567 Durbin-Watson stat 1.341880 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000
①得到模型的方程为:
Y=0.001032 X5-0.054965 X6+4.205481
②评价:
1) 可决系数为0.993601,数据相当大,可以认为拟合程度很好。 2) F检验,F=1164.567>F(5.12)=3,89,回归方程显著
3) T检验,X5 系数对应的t值为46.79946,大于t(12)=2.179,所以系数是显著的,
即人均GDP对年底存款余额有显著影响。 X6 系数对应的t值为-1.762581,小于t(12)=2.179,所以系数是不显著的。