摘要
随着经济发展、人民生活水平的提高和城市人口的急剧增长，城市垃圾问题日益成为困扰世界各国城市发展的重要问题。其中卫生填埋作为一种有效的消纳城市垃圾的处理方式，是世界各国垃圾处理的首选。鉴于此,本设计为城市生活垃圾卫生填埋场的初步设计。
垃圾填埋场会对周围的土壤、地下水、大气造成现实的影响和潜在的危害。不合理的填埋场址其后期对周围的环境影响将是灾难性的，所以，选址工作在垃圾填埋场的整个建设中的地位显得尤为重要。这里选用层次分析法来选址。
该设计从实际出发,应用经验公式计算出数值,得出既符合实际又经济的设计。垃圾填埋场由垃圾堆体、终场覆盖、雨水收集与导排、填埋气的导排与处理、渗滤液收集与处理、安全与环境检测等系统组成。结合具体情况,优化设计,最大限度减少垃圾填埋场污染环境,节省投资。
关键词: 垃圾；卫生填埋场；选址；层次分析法；设计；
Abstract
With development of economy、improvement of people’living standard and rapid increment of population in cities.theproblem of municipal waste becames more and more important to the issue of cities’sustaineble development for every country . As an effective mean to treat municipalwaste.Landfill is the primary method all over the word。In view of this, the design of city life for preliminary design of the landfill.
Around landfill site soil,groundwater and air will be set in a potentially dangerous status.An unreasonablelandfill site selection will be catastrophic to environment in future .Therefore,site selection is of more importance to the whole construction of landfill .Here I use Analytic Hierarchy Process to selecte the site.
This design from reality, application experience formula calculates that accords with practical values, and economic design by rubbish landfill. Cover and final rainwater collection, and guide line, and the breath of landfill leachate treatment, collecting and processing, safety and environmental testing system. Combined with a specific situation, optimization design, minimize landfill environmental pollution, save investment.
Keywords:sanitarylandfill; site selection; Analytic Hierarchy Proces;
目录
摘要 ..................................................................... I ABSTRACT ................................................................ II 1. 文献综述 .............................................................. 1
1.1垃圾处理处置概况 .................................................. 1 1.2目前国内的研究现状 ................................................ 2 1.3国外生活垃圾处理现状 .............................................. 3 1.4垃圾处置场选址方法介绍 ............................................ 4 1.5 措施分析 .......................................................... 6 2. 选址分析与研究 ........................................................ 8
2.1选址原则 .......................................................... 8 2.2选址要求 .......................................................... 8 2.3选址方法—层次分析法 .............................................. 9 2.3.1层次分析法概念及建模 ........................................... 10 2.3.2 层次分析法在垃圾填埋场选址中的应用 ............................. 14 3. 设计计算 ............................................................. 19
3.1垃圾产生量 ....................................................... 19 3.1.1城市人口确定 ................................................... 19 3.1.2垃圾量的确定 ................................................... 19 3.2填埋场库容 ....................................................... 21 3.2.1填埋场的面积和库容计算 ......................................... 21 3.2.2垃圾坝的选择和设计 ............................................. 21 3.3总图布置 ......................................................... 22 3.4防渗系统 ......................................................... 22 3.4.1关于防渗系统设计所参照的规范是： ............................... 22 3.4.2防渗方式选择 ................................................... 23 3.5渗滤液收集导排系统与填埋坑地下水的排出与收集 ..................... 24 3.5.1 渗滤液收集导排系统设计 ......................................... 24 3.5.2 填埋坑地下水的收集与排出 ....................................... 25 3.6渗滤液处理系统 ................................................... 26