million—during the same period.
At least three primary contributing factors account for these changes. First and foremost, there is a much nicer choice of options available in cities and towns, across the board. There are more jobs to choose from, and more different kinds of companies and types of work. In addition, big cities offer much more excitement and stimulation, partly as a result of all the various options available in many areas. More importantly, people prefer to live in cities and towns for the convenience of the transportation system. They usually have a well developed bus, subway, highway and airport transportation networks.
Generally speaking, people in expanding numbers would prefer to live in cities and towns which offer a rich variety of many options, whether it is for jobs, leisure, cultural or intellectual activities. At the same time, people like the energy and stimulation of a big city environment and the convenience of a well-developed transportation system. (222 words)
上述柱状图清晰地揭示了过去二十年之间中国城镇和乡村人口数据发生的变化。自
1990 到 2010 年，城镇人口从 3 亿急剧上升到 6.6 亿，增加了 3.6 亿。相反，在同一时期， 乡村人口的数量发生了急剧下降，从 8.2 亿减少到 6.7 亿，减少了 1.5 亿。
至少三个主要原因造成了上述变化。首先且最重要的是，几乎在所有的城镇，都有许多更好的选择。有更多可供选择的工作，以及更多不同的公司和和工种。其次，大城市可以提供更多令人感到兴奋、刺激的事物，部分原因就是由于在这些地方有各种各样的选择。最为重要的是，由于交通系统的便捷性，人们更喜欢住在城镇。城镇通常有更为发达的公交、地铁、高速、机场等交通网络。
总之，越来越多的人更愿意选择居住在城镇。城镇可以提供丰富的选择机会，无论是工作、娱乐、文化还是智力活动方面。同时，人们喜欢大城市的能量和刺激，以及高度发达的交通系统所带来的便利。
4. 社会热点类：经济：2015 年英语（二）真题 （《2019 考研英语高分写作》P.72，录音序号 027） Directions:
Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should
1) interpret the chart, and 2) give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)
我国某市居民春节假期花销比例 新年礼物交通 聚会吃饭其他
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The pie chart above clearly illustrates the percentage of the residents’ spending in a certain city of China during the Spring Festival Vacation. From the statistics given, we may draw the conclusion that the spending on New Year presents is highest among all the four categories, at approximately 40%, whereas the amount spent on transport, gathering and dining and miscellaneous accounts for about 20% each.
The fundamental factors that contribute to the aforementioned comparison may be summarized as follows. To start with, a New Year gift might be memorable because of the special occasion when it is given. If the present is something that only your best friend knew you had wanted, you will never forget it, since it shows the closeness of your relationship with that friend. In addition, festival presents might be unforgettable since they are related to significant events in your life. For instance, I still remember the first New Year gift my best friend, Leo, gave me.
In summary, people spend a lot on Spring Festival presents for a large number of reasons. Some gifts might be memorable owing to the special person who gave the gift. Others are unforgettable due to the significance of the event. Most of all, it is easy to remember special presents as they give you a significant sense of personal worth. (221 words)
上述柱状图清楚地揭示了中国某市居民春节假期的花销比例。根据给出的数据，我们可以得出结论：新年礼物所占的开支百分比在四种类别中最高，大约为 40%；而交通、聚会吃饭和其他的开支比例各占 20%。
造成上述对比的主要原因可以概括如下：首先，一份春节礼物之所以令人难忘，是因为送礼物的时机本身很特别。如果只有最好的朋友才知道你想要那份礼物，并把它送给了你， 你一辈子都不会忘记，因为这份礼物代表着你们两人深厚的友谊。其次，春节礼物之所以令人难忘，是因为这些礼物与生命中的重大事件相关。比如，我还记得我最好的朋友列奥送给我的第一份新年礼物。
总之，人们在新年礼物上花销巨大是出于多种原因。有些礼物之所以令人难忘，是因为送礼物的人本身很特别；有些礼物则是因为与重大事件有关。而最重要的原因是特别的礼物会带给你无比的自尊。
5、社会热点类：旅游：2017 年英语（二）真题 （《2019 考研英语高分写作》P.74，录音序号 028） Directions:
Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should 1）interpret the chart, and 2）give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)
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2013-2015 年中国博物馆数量及参观人数
The line graph clearly illustrates that the number of museums in China and their number of visitors both increased markedly between 2013 and 2015. Based upon the data given above, we can see that the number of museums has risen dramatically from 4,165 to 4,692 during the three years, while the amount of visitors jumped from 637 million to 781 million in the same time.
Museums hold an attraction and fascination for most people, of all ages, from young children to the elderly, for at least two fundamental causes. The first reason many people are interested in visiting a museum is to lean about the history and culture of a place. A country’s capital city, like Beijing, London or Paris is a veritable museum lover’s paradise, where one could literally spend days visiting dozens of museums. Another reason why people visit museums is that they are not only for adults, but for the whole family—a wonderful activity enjoyed by children as well as grandparents. It gives the whole family something they can spend several hours together doing, and for free or at a reasonable cost.
In summary, people enjoy visiting museums because doing so helps them to understand the history and culture of the place, be it at a local, regional, country or international level. Meanwhile, it is an educational and cultural experience that can be enjoyed by the whole family. (232 words)
这幅线状图清晰地显示，从 2013 年到 2015 年，中国博物馆的数量和参观人数均急剧上 升。根据上述数据，我们可以看出在这三年中，博物馆的数量从 4165 所迅猛增加至 4692 所。 而与此同时，参观人数的数据从 6.37 亿急剧上升至 7.81 亿。
博物馆吸引着各个年龄层的人，从小孩到老人，各个年龄层的人无不为博物馆着迷，至少有两个根本原因。第一个原因，许多游客对参观博物馆感兴趣是为了了解当地的历史和文化。一国的首都，如北京、伦敦和巴黎，简直就是博物馆爱好者的天堂。一个人可以花数天时间参观许多博物馆。另一个原因，参观博物馆不仅是成年人的消遣，还是全家人的极好的活动，老人和小孩都喜欢。不管是免费还是得花合理的费用，参观博物馆给一家人提供了好几个小时待在一起的机会。
总之，人们喜欢参观博物馆——无论是当地、地区级、国家级还是世界级的博物馆—— 是因为它能帮助人们了解当地的历史和文化。同时，全家人去逛博物馆也是一件乐事，能从中学到知识，感受文化。
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6、教育文化类：教育：2012 年 12 月四级真题 （《2019 考研英语高分写作》P。75，录音序号 029） Directions:
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled \on the statistics provided in the chart below (Weekly earnings in 2010).
You should give a brief description of the chart first and then make comments on it.
Education: A Worthy Investment ($) Doctoral degree Master's degree Bachelor's degree Some college, no degree High school diploma $ Less than a high school diploma 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
The column chart above clearly illustrates the weekly earnings of people with different
educational backgrounds in the United States in 2010. According to the data from U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, there was a steady increase in average earnings with educational level, ranging from $444 for people with less than a high school diploma to $1670 for those with doctoral degrees. The reasons for this trend are as follows. In the first place, it has long been an accepted fact that a higher degree is a pre-requisite for finding a good job or a promising career. Having a career implies a progression in one’s work life, whereby one can progress into increasingly responsible positions with a commensurate increase in pay. In the second place, in our highly competitive society, whether in China or the U.S., it can be said that it is hardly possible for a person to find a good job with a promising future without at least a college degree. Even a bachelor’s degree is not always enough, and increasingly more and more young people are continuing on for their master’s or doctoral degrees.
From the analysis given above, we may predict that in order to remain competitive in the workplace, people in mounting numbers will return to school to continue their education, even though they already have their college or university degree. （225 words）
上述柱状图清晰地显示了 2010 年美国不同教育背景人群的周薪数据。根据美国劳工统 计局的数据，根据受教水平不同，平均周薪从高中以下文化程度人群的 444 美元稳步上升到 博士学位拥有者的 1670 美元。
存在这一趋势的原因如下。首先，拥有更高的学位是找份好工作并拥有光明职业前景的前提条件，这是大家长期以来公认的事实。拥有一份职业意味着职业生涯上的一大进步，之
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后才可以担任更高的职务，薪水也会相应地增加。其次，无论是在中国还是美国，在当今竞争愈发激烈的社会，一个人如果连大学文凭都没有，那么就可以说他几乎不可能找到一份前途光明的好工作。甚至连大学文凭也还不够，越来越多的年轻人正在继续深造，攻读硕士或博士学位。
根据以上分析，我们可以预测：为了保持在职场上的竞争力，越来越多的人即使拥有了大学文凭，也会回到学校继续深造。
7、教育文化类：职业选择：2013 年英语（一）真题改革版
（《2019 考研英语高分写作》P.77，录音序号 030） Directions
Write an essay based on the following chart in your writing, you should 1)interpret the chart, and 2)give your comments
You should write about 150 words.
The column chart above reflects what the college graduates plan to do after graduation. As can be seen from the diagram, 35.20% of undergraduates plan to take the civil servants examination, and 31.90% of them plan to take the test for graduate students, each accounting for approximately a third of the total.
When making this decision, students should consider a variety of factors, including their career plans, financial status and personal preferences. The first factor that undergraduate students should consider when deciding between postgraduate studies and work is their intended career. Students should do the necessary research to find out whether, and to what extent, job prospects for their intended line of work would improve with a postgraduate education. The second factor that students deciding between postgraduate education and employment should take into account is their financial situation. Scholarships, bursaries and loans may be available to some students, and these should also be taken into consideration when assessing whether one has ability to bear the costs of graduate studies. The final factor that undergraduate students should consider when deliberating between work and further education is their own personal preferences. These individual preferences should be given due consideration as students approach the end of
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