C. Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon D. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson 81. The U. S. Constitution came into effect in . A. 1787 B. 1789 C. 1791 D. 1793 82. The Constitution of the United States .
A. gives the most power to Congress B. gives the most power to the President
C. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the others D. gives the most power to the Supreme Court 83. The Bill of Rights . A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the President
B. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedoms C. is part of the Declaration of Independence D. has no relationship with the Constitution
84. The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.
A. freedom of religion
B. the right to get into people’s house by police C. freedom of speech and of press
D. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes
85. All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.
A. the Senator B. the Representative C. the Secretary of State D. the President 86. The following except are all powers of the President.
A. vetoing any bills passed by Congress
B. appointing federal judges when vacancies occur C. making laws
D. issuing executive orders
87. According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .
A. at least 35 years old
B. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United States C. born in America D. all of the above
88. The terms for a Senator and Representative are and years respectively.
A. two, four B. two, three C. two, six D. six, two 89. The Supreme Court is composed of justices.
A. six B. seven C. eight D. nine 90. The President is directly voted into office by . A. all citizens of America B. the citizens over 18 years old C. electors elected by the voters D. the senators and representatives
91. America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields
except . A. machinery B. automobiles C. ore D. chemicals
92. The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually,
to . A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economy
B. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economy C. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economy D. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy
93. Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.
A. political authority B. economic rights C. judicial authority D. diplomatic authority
94. The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of .
A. George Washington B. Thomas Jefferson C. Andrew Jackson D. Alexander Hamilton
95. The following inventions took place during the ―second industrial revolution‖
except . A. typewriter B. telephone C. electric light D. refrigerator 96. President Johnson tried to build a ―Great Society‖ by introducing various programs like the
following except . A. Medicare B. Food Stamps C. Education Initiatives D. Unemployment Pension 97. About of American crops are for export.
A. half B. one third C. one fourth D. one fifth 98. The following statements are all true except .
A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.
B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports. C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms. D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures. 99. is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.
A. Ford B. General Motors C. Chrysler D. American Motors 100. At present, U. S. exports account for of the world’s total.
A. 10% B. 15% C. 20% D. 25%
101. Formal education in the United States consists of , secondary and higher education. A. kindergarten B. public C. elementary D. private 102. Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.
A. mathematics and languages B. politics and business education C. science and social studies D. music and physical education 103. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of . A. Yale University B. Harvard University C. Princeton University D. New York University
104. Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.
A. universities and colleges B. research institutions C. technical institutions D. community colleges
105. Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S.
institutions.
A. choosing the president
B. establishing policies for administrators and faculty C. approving budget and other financial project D. decide which student to enroll
106. To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following
except . A. attending lectures and completing assignments B. passing examinations C. working for communities
D. earning a certain number of credits
107. Of the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American President yet.
A. Harvard University B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology C. Princeton University D. Yale University
108. is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its
serious attitude and great bulk. A. The Washington Post B. The New York Times C. Los Angeles Times D. New York Daily News
109. Of the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in
America.
A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS) B. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) D. the American Broadcasting System (ABS) 110. The National Day of the United States falls on . A. June 4th B. July 4th C. June 14th D. July 14th 111. Of the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.
A. Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen Poe B. Edgar Ellen Poe & Jonathan Edwards C. Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan Edwards D. Edgar Ellen Poe & Washington Irving 112. is regarded as ―the father of American literature‖.
A. James Fennimore Cooper B. Ralph Waldo Emerson C. Thomas Jefferson D. Washington Irving 113. Of the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work.
A. The Scarlet Letter B. The House of the Seven Gables C. The Marble Faun D. Nature
114. Of the following, is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece.
A. The Last of the Mohicans B. The Legend of Sleepy Hollow C. Moby Dick D. Daisy Miller
115. Of the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works.
A. colloquial speech B. a sense of humor C. a realistic view D. an idealistic view
116. Of the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists.
A. Stephen Crane B. Frank Norris C. Theodore Dreiser D. Herman Melville 117. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is , and its theme is about .
A. The Great Gatsby, the American Dream B. Tender is the Night, love
C. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneself
D. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human nature
118. Of the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.
A. The Sun Also Rises B. The Sound and the Fury C. A Farewell to Arms D. For Whom the Bell Tolls
119. Of the following writers, is Not a Nobel Prize winner.
A. Alice Walker B. Ernest Hemingway C. William Faulkner D. Eugene O’Neil 120. is the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature.
A. Ralph Ellison B. Tony Morrison C. Richard Wright D. James Baldwin
参考答案：
1-10 A B C D B C D A C B 11-20 D D B C C A B A C D 21-30 C D B A B C C B D A 31-40 C B A C D C D B A C 41-50 D B B A B C C D D A 51-60 B C B D C A C D B A 61-70 C A B B C C D B A D 71-80 C B C D B B C A C D 81-90 B C B B C C D D D C 91-100 C C D D D D B B D A 101-110 C B B B D C B B B B 111-120 C D D C D D A B A B
II. State your understanding of the following questions. 1. How do British enjoy the Christmas day?
Christmas is the biggest and best loved British holiday. Schools close for the holiday period, as do shops and offices, so people can spend time at home with their families. Most British people celebrate it by exchanging gifts and Christmas cards, preparing holiday foods, and decorating homes and workplaces.There are three Christmas traditions which are particularly British: one is the Christmas Pantomime, a comical musical play. Another tradition is the Queen's Christmas message, broadcast over the television and radio. A third British tradition, which is also celebrated in countries with British heritages, is Boxing Day, which falls on the day after Christmas.
2. What were the major causes of Britain’s relative economic decline in the postwar period?
First, Britain suffered great economic losses in two World Wars and had gone heavily into debt to finance the war. Second, the era of the British Empire was over. India and other British colonies, which provided raw material & large market for British goods, gained independence. Third, Britain was forced to maintain an expensive military presence in many overseas locations until the end of 1960s. Fourth, Britain had to make Substantial financial contributions to NATO and the UN Security Council. Finally, Britain failed to invest in industry after WWII whereas its competitors like Germany and Japan caught up with Britain by investing in the most modern equipment and means of production.
3. What is the Commonwealth of Nations?
It is a voluntary association of independent sovereign states, all of which acknowledge the British monarch as symbolic head of the association. The Commonwealth is not a political union
of any sort, and its member states have full autonomy to manage their own internal and external affairs. It is primarily an organization in which countries with diverse economic backgrounds have an opportunity for close and equal interaction after gaining independence. The major activities of the Commonwealth are designed to advocate democracy, human rights, and to promote economic cooperation and growth within its members.
4. What are the ideals that guide the American educational system?
The first ideal is that as many people as possible should receive as much education as possible. It is an outcome of the American's assertions about the equality among people.The second ideal is that of producing a society that is totally literate and of local control. Education in the U.S. is governed by state and local governments, not by the national government.The third ideal is that scholars and students should work to discover new information or conceive new ways to understand what is already known. Learning is not just a process of memorizing knowledge that already exists in books. It is an enterprise of exploration, experimentation, analysis and synthesis.
5. How is a President voted into office in America? What are your ideas about the American election?
Each party holds its national convention every four years to choose a candidate for the presidency. To win a presidential election, a candidate has to spend millions of dollars, travel all over the country to make speeches, and debate on television with the rival. The general election is technically divided into two stages. During the first stage , presidential electors for each state will be chosen. In the second stage the electors meet and vote a President. Since the second stage is only a kind of formality, everyone knows who will be the next President as soon as the first stage is over.
An open answer to the second part.
6. Why can we say that Puritanism has much influence on America?
a) Puritans were encouraged to read the Bible in order to better understand the God’s will. Thus, education had been essential for Puritans, which education had been stressed during American history.
b) When Puritans came to America, they wanted to build ―a city upon hill‖—an ideal
community. Since that time, Americans have viewed their country as a great experiment, a worthy model of other nations.
c) Puritans established another American tradition—a strain of often intolerant moralism, which had had much influence on the following generations.
d) The Puritans also have left rich cultural heritage to future Americans. The American values such as individualism, hard work, and respect of education owe very much to the Puritan beliefs.