2018届二轮复习 短文改错考点角度三方面探究 学案(9页word版)

2018届二轮复习 短文改错考点角度三方面探究

高考短文改错主要从词法、句法、行文逻辑等三个角度设问,考查学生对语言知识的掌握和综合运用语言的能力。

一、从词法设问

检查考生对词汇的理解、记忆和辨别能力。在高考短文改错题中,这类改错题主要考查考生对单词、短语及固定搭配的理解、记忆和辨别能力。 1.多词或少词 (1)介词

[例1]Please help with me and give me some advice. (2015 课标) 解析:因help是及物动词,直接接宾语me,故with多余,应删除。

[例2]My soccer coach retired in last week. (2015 陕西) 解析:因last week前习惯上不用介词,故应删去in。

[例3]...and wait your teacher to lead you outside. (2014 四川)

解析:因wait for sb. to do(等待某人做某事)是固定搭配,故wait后加for。 (2)冠词

[例4]I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. (2015 浙江)

解析:因in a hurry是固定短语,所以在hurry前加a。

[例5]...as a result, nobody knew truth. (2012 浙江) 解析:是特指,应在truth前加the。

[例6]He was right there in the front of me. (2011 陕西)

解析:因in the front of意为“在……(内部)的前面”;in front of 意为“在……(外部)的前面”,“他就在我前面”肯定是我外部的前面,故删除其中的the。 2.错词 (1)介词误用

[例7] Unfortunately,on the development industrialization, the environment has been polluted. (2015 课标) 解析:on应改为with,表示“随着……”。

(2)a, an, the混用

[例8]...Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. (2014 辽宁) 解析:average 前的a应换成 an, 因average以元音音素开头。

(3)名词单复数的误用

[例9]...looking at some of the picture we had taken together. (2014 辽宁) 解析:picture 应改为pictures,因picture为可数名词,此处表示“一些照片”,故用其复数形式。

[例10] The teacher was angry because we had the same answers in the tests. (2013 四川)

解析:tests应改为test,因本句指的是这一次测试,不用复数形式。

[例11] It felt very strange to travel without any luggages. (2011 课标) 解析:luggages应改为luggage,因luggage为不可数名词,无复数。

(4)词性的混用

此类错误主要集中在形容词与副词的混用,形容词与名词的混用和动词与名词的混用等。

[例12] Dad and I were terrible worried. (2015 课标)

解析:修饰形容词worried应用副词, 故改terrible为terribly。

[例13]That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are. (2014 辽宁)

解析:作are的表语要用形容词,故改closely为close。

[例14]...but I know I’ll never fall sleep. (2013 浙江)

解析:作表语要用形容词,故改sleep为asleep,事实上可将fall asleep(入睡)作为固定短语来记。

[例15]Unfortunate,I had an accident and hit another car... (2012 浙江) 解析:放句首作状语,修饰整个句子,要用副词,故改Unfortunate为Unfortunately。

[例16]He has ruined his healthy. (2013 辽宁)

解析:作宾语或者说在形容词性物主代词后要用名词,故把healthy改为health。

二、从句法设问

检查考生对句子结构、复合句的理解、掌握及运用能力。这类错主要表现为:非谓语动词的错误,主谓不一致,连词的误用。

1. 非谓语动词的错误

[例17] I also shared with my friends many photos taking in Beijing. (2013 陕西)

解析:因句中已有谓语动词shared了,take应为非谓语动词;又因take与逻辑主语photo是被动关系,要用过去分词短语作后置定语,故taking应改为taken。

[例18] I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou. (2011 课标)

解析:buy应改为buying, 因为此处buy是主句谓语动词was的伴随状语,与主语I是主动关系,故用buy的现在分词。

[例19]Suddenly Mary, my best friend, asking me to let her to copy my answers. (2013 四川)

解析:因本句无谓语动词,asking应为谓语动词,根据上下文时态可知,要用一般过去时,故改asking为asked。

2. 主谓不一致

[例20]...what you should do when a fire alarm go off. (2014 四川) 解析:在when引导的时间状语从句中,主语为a fire alarm,是第三人称单数形式,故动词go改为goes。

[例21]Hard work have made him very ill. (2013 辽宁)

解析:因主语为hard work是第三人称单数形式,故改have为has。

[例22]...but the only clothes I had was those I had on. (2011 课标) 解析:主语为clothes,是复数,故改was为were。

联系客服:779662525#qq.com(#替换为@) 苏ICP备20003344号-4