动词过去式的变化规则

动词过去式的变化规则

1、规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成，具体变化有：

1） 一般的直接在词尾加-ed。如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned

2）以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如：like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved smile--smiled; hope--hoped. 注意：ie结尾动词,直接加d: died;tied.

3）以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop—stopped, trip—tripped ;

4）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。如：study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married worried; studied. 不规则动词(Irregular Verbs)的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法：

1）以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如：put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat read—read must--must

2）以d结尾的词，把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent

3）以n结尾的词，在词后加t。如：mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt 4）以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。如：blow—blew, draw—drew, know—

knew, grow—grew throw—threw（动词show除外，show—showed） 5）含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。如：keep—kept, sleep

—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt sweep—swept

6） 含有元音字母o / i的词，将o / i变成a。如：come—came become—became sing

—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank

7）以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。如：bring—brought，buy— bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught 8）把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如：drive—drove，ride—rod，write—wrote

9）动词原形中的e改为o，如：get—got，forget—forgot 10）动词原形中的ee改为e，如：feed—fed，meet—met

11）动词原形中的eak改为oke，如：break—broke，speak—spoke 12）动词原形中的ell改为old，如：sell—sold，tell—told

13）动词原形中的an改为oo，如：stand—stood，understand—understood 14）以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如：can—could，shall—should，will—would

15）在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕，say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕，mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕 16）不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如：am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，find—found，fly—flew，go—went，have ／has— had，hold—held，leave—left，make—made，may—might，run—ran，see —saw，take—took