我国地方政府机构改革研究
我国地方政府机构改革研究
内容摘要
在当下经济增加速度放缓，产业结构不断转型、升级的时代背景下，我国政府也需要进行相应的转型和调整以适应时代的发展。随着国家大部制的推行，各地政府进行一系列的改革，改革不是一蹴而就的事，也不是一改就成的事，改革是一个复杂漫长的过程，加上各地政府的改革是探索式的前进不免会出现一些错误、失误。因此本文将就地方政府的改革进行研究，在进行地方政府机构改革理论综述之后，对地方政府的改革动因进行分析，在此之后对当地政府的改革政策进行研究，最后结合实例来阐述改革出现问题的原因以及应对策略。通过本文的研究不仅能够了解地方政府改革的动因所在，而且能够从中找到应对改革问题的措施。
关键词：地方政府；机构改革；制度；利益冲突
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我国地方政府机构改革研究
目 录
内容摘要 ····························································································· I 引 言 ······························································································· 1 1 地方政府机构改革理论综述 ································································ 2
1.1 政府改革基本理论 ···································································· 2 1.2 地方政府机构改革的概念 ···························································· 2 2 地方政府机构改革动因分析 ·································································· 3
2.1 地方政府机构改革压力分析 ························································ 3
2.1.1民众要求新政府形象 ···························································· 3 2.1.2政府追求利益最大化 ···························································· 3 2.1.3缓解地方财政压力································································ 3 2.2 地方政府机构改革动力分析 ························································ 3
2.2.1建立地方公共服务型政府 ······················································ 4 2.2.2参照企业绩效标准的公共行政 ················································ 4
3 地方政府机构改革的政策研究 ····························································· 6
3.1 地方政府机构改革政策设计的一般原则 ········································· 6
3.1.1由中央集权走向地方合理分权 ················································ 6 3.1.2地方政府结构优化································································ 6 3.2 地方政府机构改革政策设计的侧重点 ············································ 7
3.2.1确立正确的指导思想 ···························································· 7 3.2.2正确的目标取向 ··································································· 7
4 我国地方政府机构改革的可行性分析—结合案例 ····································· 9
4.1 案例分析 ·················································································· 9 4.2 存在的问题及解决措施································································ 9
4.2.1存在的问题 ········································································· 9 4.2.2解决措施 ·········································································· 11
结论与展望 ························································································ 14 参考文献 ··························································································· 15
我国地方政府机构改革研究
引 言
随着社会主义市场经济体制及其运行所需的法律体系的初步建立，作为政治体制改革重要组成部分的政府机构改革已成为当务之急。九届人大一次会议对政府机构改革作了比较明确的规定继而我国各地地方政府进行相应的改革主要针对四个基本问题：机构庞大，人员臃肿，政企不分，官僚主义严重。这些问题主要有以下弊端：政企不分，政府直接干预企业的生产经营活动，不能形成科学决策的投资体制，容易造成责任不分和决策失误，难以发挥市场在资源配置中的基础作用。
我国的政府机构改革并不是仅通过单纯的精简就能实现的，它涉及到政府行政模式的改革与重建。其实质是对行政全配和运行方式的调整和革新。我国机构改革的原则是：1、按照发展社会主义市场经济的要求，转变政府职能，实现政企分开；2、按精简，统一，效能的原则，调整政府组织机构，实现精兵简政，加强宏观经济调控部门，加强执法监督部门，发展社会中介组织；3、按照权责的原则，调整政府部门的职责权限，明确划分部门见的职能分工，相同或相近的部门交由同一个部门承担，克服多头管理，政出多门的弊端；4、按照依法治国的，依法行政的要求，加强行政体系的法制建设，这些原则的实质，实是顺应行政权嬗变的主动应变之举，有助于使政府机构成为合的准行政权主体。在我国现阶段，国家本位文化传统和计划经济体制的惯性与正在逐步确定的社会主义市场经济的碰撞，表明行政权在我国的发生发展将是一个曲折漫长的过程，这也是我国机构改革一直在“精简—膨胀—再精简—再膨胀”的怪圈中循环的症结所在。因此，有必要对地方政府改革重新审视，找到真正的出路，确保改革取得最佳成效。
为了能够清晰的对我国地方政府改革的研究，本文进行如下安排： 第一章是地方政府机构改革理论综述，主要阐述政府改革的基本理论以及地方政府改革机构改革的概念。
第二章是地方政府机构改革动因分析，主要对地方改革的动因进行详细的分析以及对地方政府改革的动力进行分析。
第三章是地方政府机构改革的政策研究，主要研究的是地方政府机构改革政策设计的一般原则以及地方政府机构改革政策设计的侧重点。
第四章是我国地方政府机构改革的可行性分析，主要通过案例分析来阐述我国地方政府存在的问题以及其应对措施。
第五章是结论，对全文进行总结。
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