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“突出语境，强化语意，注重运用”
江苏高考英语试题单项填空考查热点及应试策略
江苏省扬州中学
江苏省高考英语试题自主命题思路继续保持一贯的风格：突出语篇、强调应用、注重交际，着重考查学生在听、说、读、写各个方面的实际运用能力。但又体现了“稳中求变，变中求新，立足语篇，突出语境”这一指导思想。试卷内容贴近生活、贴近时代，知识覆盖面广，因此试卷具有较高的信度、效度，难度也比较适中。这样的命题一定会有利于高校选拔人才，有利于中学实施素质教育，有利于推进基础教育课程改革。为帮助老师、同学对20XX年江苏高考英语试卷进一步了解，调整、指导20XX年高考英语的复习教学，现对试卷中的单项填空题考查热点及应对策略略作评析，仅供参考。
I. 考查重点 该大题主要考查学生在语境中综合运用词汇、语法、习惯用语和日常交际用语的能力。其测试内容如下：
考查内容 时态 语态 动词 词组辨析 情态动词 非谓语动词 主谓一致 定语从句 从句 状语从句 宾语从句 代词 形容词比较级 副词 介词 情景对话 数量及题号 1（27） 1（23） 1（25） 1（21） 2（30、32） 1（34） 1（29） 1（31） 1（35） 1（22） 1（33） 1（26） 1（24） 1（28）
如试题及上表所示，考查内容基本涵盖中学阶段所学知识，但是：
（1）动词是考查的重点。如试卷中的25题表明，动词短语的识记及辨析能力一直是高考的必考题，也是学生失分较多题。
（2）注重特定语境中的语法和词汇知识的运用考查。强调应用、注重交际，纯语法规则的考查题较少，考查理解能力和逻辑推理能力的试题较多。充分体现了《英语课程标准》中“改变英语课程过分重视语法和词汇知识的讲解与传授，忽视对学生实际语言运用能力的培养的倾向”的新思想。
（3）加大题干句子结构的复杂程度，融结构考查与理解考查于一提，读句能力的要求有明显提高。
（4）交际题型多达5道 (为近年最多的一次)，占33.3%，充分体现了注重交际的教学导向。 II. 原题拷贝
20XX年江苏高考英语单选题解析
21. --- I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
--- You _______. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages. A. will B. may C. have to
D. should
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【解析】D．情态动词should的最基本用法，用以表示劝告或推荐。
22. My most famous relative of all, _______ who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my great-grandfather.. A. one B. the one C. he D. someone 【解析】B．本题考查同位语，冠词，代词用法。调整一下语序变成：My most famous relative of all was Rob Sussel, my great-grandfather, the one who really left his mark on America.不难看出the one who really left his mark on America做my great-grandfather的同位语，又因为所填的代词被定语从句修饰，所以要加定冠词。
23. --- I don’t suppose the police know who did it.
--- Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and ________ now. A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned
【解析】B．本题考查时态、语态。注意最后一词now，故用被动语态地进行时态。 24. This new model of car is so expensive that it is _______ the reach of those with average income. A. over B. within C. beyond D. below
【解析】C．本题考查介词。表示在能力上超出，应用beyond. beyond the reach of those with average income.意为“超出平均收入人的购买能力”。再如：超出某人的想象力beyond one’s imagination；超出某人的理解力，某人无法理解beyond one’s understandings. over一般用来表示时间，数量上的超过，或者空间上越过一段距离。
25. --- Are you going to have a holiday this year?
--- I’d love to. I can’t wait to leave this place _______. A. off B. out C. behind D. over
【解析】C．本题考查动词短语的识记及辨析。leave…behind有两层意思。一是表示：把…抛在后面。如：Britain is left behind in the race for new market英国在开发新市场方面被抛在后面。二是表示：永久离开。如：She knew that she had left childhood behind.她知道童年已经一去不复返了。本句中表示永久离开这个地方。leave sth. off意为“停止”； leave sth. out意为“排除，忽略”；leave over意为“推迟”。
26. The committee is discussing the problem right now. it will _______ have been solved by the end of next week. A. eagerly B. hopefully C. immediately D. gradually
【解析】B．本题考查副词词意辨析。正在讨论这个问题，所以到下周是有希望解决好。 27. Although medical science __________ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. A. achieved B. has achieved C. will achieve D. had achieved
【解析】B．本题考查动词时态。依据what worries us is that some of them are returning.可判断是到目前为止，所以用现在完成时。
28. --- It took me ten years to build up my business, and it almost killed me. --- Well, you know what they say. _________. A. There is no smoke without fire B. Practice makes perfect C. All roads lead to Rome D. No pains, no gains 【解析】D．本题考查英语谚语。由上文可知，是“不劳无获”。
29. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to
keep it running, ______ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.
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A. who B. that C. as D. which 【解析】D．本题考查定语从句。which指代上文所提到的整个句子。
30. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said 【解析】A．本题考查分词作伴随状语。
31. _______ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem (生态系统) to recover.
A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once
【解析】D．本题考查状语从句，Once用作连词引导状语从句表示“一旦，一经”，符合句意。
Even if意为“即使，假使”；If only意为“假如…就好了”从句中常用虚拟语气；While意为“当…时候，与…同时；尽管”。 32. --- There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. --- My goodness! I can’t imagine _________ that old. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been
【解析】C．本题考查动词imagine的用法：imagine doing...，此处用被动式：being done 。 33. I wish you’d do ________ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better. A. a bit less B. any less C. much more D. a little more
【解析】A．本题考查形容词的比较级。 less talking和more work.相对应。any 修饰比较级，常用于否定句和疑问句中，故不选B。
34. A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting
tomorrow afternoon. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【解析】A．本题考查冠词。表示一身兼两职后接单数动词，注意时间状语tomorrow afternoon
故不选C。 35. We haven’t settled the question of ______ it is necessary for him to study abroad. A. if B. where C. whether D. that
【解析】C．本题考查宾语从句。whether和if引导宾语从句的区别，if 表示“是否”不可引导介词后的宾语从句，此时只能用whether。 III. 试题特征
近年来江苏高考英语单项选择题中基础知识题占一定的比例，试题难度有所降低，但几乎所有的基础知识题的设置都有一定的语境，或需要参照一定的语境，而不是对基础知识孤立的考查。试题设计坚持语境化命题原则，纯语法规则的试题减少，考查英语能力、理解能力及逻辑推理能力的试题增加；知识覆盖面广，同时突出语境，注重对学生综合知识的考查。命题设计包括如下特征： （1）创设语境法
—Do you have anything ____ .? —Oh, thank you, I can manage it myself.
A. to do B. to be done C. doing D. do （2）设置干扰 ①打乱句式
The officer gave orders that anyone __a gun should be reported to the police station.
A saw take
B. seen taking D. seen taken
C. seeing take