中考初三专项复习被动语态学案
初三 被动语态 一、学习目标 1.掌握被动语态的结构
2.掌握从主动语态转换成被动语态的方法 观察句子
A recorder is used in our English class every day. Football is played all over the world. A camera is used for taking photos. A bank was robbed yesterday.
A man-made satellite was sent up into space last year. The tree must be planted on the ground.
The ground will be covered with trees in a few years’time. They will be sent to the hospital right now. A talk will be given soon.
Look and find out the similarities (相同点): Football is played all over the world. A camera is used for taking photos. A bank was robbed yesterday.
A man-made satellite was sent up into space last year. The tree must be planted on the ground.
The ground will be covered with trees in a few years’ time. They will be sent to the hospital right now. A talk will be given soon. 二、知识讲解 Conclusion: (一)
当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者, 或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时, 或者只需强调动作的承受者时, 要用被动语态。 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 被动语态的构成：be +动词过去分词
如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者时句子后面需接by…，译为“被（由）……”。 各个时态的被动语态
被动语态的否定句和疑问句
主动语态如何改成被动语态？
小测试：请把下列句子转换成被动语态 1. Many people speak English.
2. He bought me a new bike yesterday.
3. The boss made him do the heavy work in the old days.
4. Tom must hand in the composition after class. Conclusion: (二)
主动语态如何改成被动语态？
1. 主动语态的宾语改成被动语态的主语。
2. 主动语态的谓语动词改成被动语态的谓语动词。 do→be done 3. 注意保持时态和人称的一致。
4. 带双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把直接宾语改成主语时，谓语动词后必须加适当的介词: to 或 for.
如: give → be given to 此类动词还有: pass, show, send…
再如: buy → be bought for 此类动词还有: make, draw, cook, mend…
5. 一些动词不定式在主动语态中省略to作宾语补足语, 改成被动语态时, to必须还原。 注意：
1. 不及物动词（vi.) 不用被动语态。如:happen、take place 、appear、disappear… 例句：A traffic accident _________ (happen) just now.
2. 连系动词(Link.v.)不用被动语态。如: be、look、seem、feel、sound、smell、taste、get、turn、become… 例句： Peking Opera _________ (sound) beautiful. 3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态 。 例句： The pen _____ (write) very fast. This kind of sweater ____ (sell) well. 被动语态的其他注意事项 ： 1.适合被动语态的情况
不知道谁是动作的执行者，或由于某种原因没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时 例句：This jacket is made of cotton. The book was written for children. 需要突出或强调动作的承受者时
例句：Food is needed by every living thing. English is widely used nowadays.