a variety of projects designed to spread awareness and improve the 46 of others.
Two years ago, Viner 47 a team of six students to 48 over $10,000 for the Make-A-Wish Foundation. And 49 , he ran three races in one day to collect for a summer camp for 50 whose parents have cancer.
Last year, the Viner family suffered more devastation（重创）when their home in New York was 51 by Hurricane Sandy — an experience that only 52 Viner’s belief that it is necessary and 53 to repay others.
“Things were washed away in a hurricane,” Viner says, “but 54 to making the world a better place is a purpose that doesn’t go 55 .” 36. A. career 37. A. cultures 38. A. touched
B. success B. affairs B. changed
C. mixture C. economies C. adjusted
D. competence D. languages D. covered D. surprisingly D. Apart from
D.
39. A. automatically B. suddenly 40. A. Instead of 41. A. adolescents approaches 42. A. giving back 43. A. match 44. A. lasting 45. A. anyway 46. A. abilities 47. A. required 48. A. pay 49. A. shortly 50. A. children 51. A. broken 52. A. fueled 53. A. generous 54. A. adapting 55. A. out
B. giving in B. challenge B. all-round B. somehow B. lives
B. Owing to B. experiences
C. fortunately C. As for
C. skills
C. giving out C. assess C. political C. indeed
D. giving over D. develop D. emotional D. moreover D. attitudes D. assisted D. raise D. eventually D. volunteers D. destroyed D. questioned D. conventional D. responding D. down
C. personalities C. led C. save C. currently C. victims C. crushed C. shook C. urgent
B. encouraged B. invest
B. recently B. applicants B. buried
B. affected B. practical B. appealing B. away
C. contributing C. back
第三部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Town of Apple Valley While we became an official Town in 1998, our history goes back much further. Local historians have found signs of Serrano Indian camps along the Mojave River in Apple Valley, which were already here when Francisco Garcés arrived in 1776. There are many stories about how Apple Valley acquired its name. According to Mary Hampton, the name arose from the abundance of apple orchards（果园）that existed here in the 1920s. Unfortunately, with the Great Depression, the orchards died off in the 1930s. Historical Points of Interest booklet O’Rourke The History of Apple Valley, by Kate Published by the Historical Advisory draws Available at the Town Hall, for $20. Kate on Committee. This book will soon be available personal interviews and published for this accounts to view on the website. DVD: The History of Apple Valley compilation of Apple Valley history. Images of America: Apple Valley, by Michelle This movie showcases four periods of our Lovato history. The complete set is available for Available at the Town Hall for $15. This purchase at the Chamber of Commerce and Town Hall photo history of our Town features over 200 for $20. photographs from various collections. 56. Which of the following can be true about Apple Valley? A. You can’t see masses of apples in Apple Valley. B. The origin of its name is generally acknowledged. C. Francisco Garcés was the real founder of the town. D. The first citizens of the town were Serrano Indians.
57. The information on the books, DVD and album is given mainly to ________. A. attract more visitors to Apple Valley them
C. make them promoted more effectively
D. help us learn about the town’s
B. inform tourists of access to
past
B
It may seem like a strange response: to break down in tears when you are happy. But now a group of psychologists say they have found the reason why.
Oriana Aragon, the lead author of the report which will be published in the journal
Psychological Science, said: “People may be restoring emotional balance with these
expressions.
“They seem to take people when people are overwhelmed（不能自持）with strong positive emotions, and people who do this seem to recover better from those strong emotions.”
The psychologists from Yale University examined subjects’ emotional responses to different situations, including happy reunions and “cute” babies.
They found individuals who expressed negative reactions to positive news were able to melt their strong emotions more quickly.
They showed examples of where people responded to a positive experience with a negative emotion, including concert goers screaming in horror at the presence of their hero and lottery winners breaking down in tears.
The report authors said: “To give an example, upon winning the lottery, one might judge the event to be an extremely good thing; feel overwhelmed with happiness and smile, yet there is also an expression of crying which normatively expresses sadness.
“This expression is not inherent（固有的）to the situation, the judgement, or the positive emotions. The negative expression might be merely a facial display, or it might reflect actual negative emotions.”
Miss Aragon, a postdoctoral associate at Yale, said the research went some of the way to explaining a common response that most people did not understand.
“These insights advance our understanding of how people express and control their emotions, which is importantly related to mental and physical health,” she said.
The psychologists claimed that there was also some evidence that the opposite was also true and that strong negative feelings may induce positive expressions.
For example, people often laugh when they are nervous or faced with a difficult
or frightening situations. They cite previous studied where psychologists found some subjects smiled at times of extreme sadness.
58. It is implied in the article that people may cry tears of joy ________. A. when they release their mixed emotions B. when they lose control of their emotions C. when their extreme emotions have to be hidden D. when their violent emotions need to be adjusted 59. The report authors tell us about ________. A. the two occasions of the negative expression B. the reasons for one’s psychological changes C. the reflection of different people’s personality D. the process of recovery from strong emotions 60. What does the article lead you to believe?
A. People laugh to drive away their feelings of nervousness. B. Strong negative feelings can beat positive feelings easily. C. Positive expressions don’t necessarily mean happy events. D. We’re likely to change negative things into positive ones.
C
Empathy is a feeling different from sympathy. When one is sympathetic, one implies pity but maintains distance from another person’s feelings. Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within their frame of reference, i.e., the capacity to place oneself in another’s position.
Empathy is a translation of the German term Einfühlung, meaning to feel as one with. It implies sharing the load, or “walking a mile in someone else’s shoes,” in order to appropriately understand that person’s perspective（想法）.
In therapy, for example, being sympathetic with a patient implies a distance and a failure to understand the patient’s viewpoint. On the other hand, the therapist who displays empathy is attempting to further his or her understanding from the perspective of the patient. This implies closeness rather than distance as it makes little distinction between the person suffering and the person attempting to
understand the suffering.
Group therapy often works because those with a specific issue, such as alcoholism, are able to show empathy to each other. Each person who is an alcoholic finds it easier to understand others who struggle with alcoholism.
Alternately, a group dedicated to providing support to people that have lost a child relies on the empathy of the members. Each person has something in common with the other group members. They can all deeply understand the monumental importance and tragedy of losing a child in a way that cannot be understood by a person who has not lost a child.
Often people who have suffered a loss or experienced a tragedy find themselves put off by sympathy. Sympathy often emphasizes that the grieving is alone. Even when kindly meant, sympathy is often rejected. Grieving people don’t necessarily want pity, but instead want understanding. Finding friends who can offer empathy helps to restore perspective in a world that has been torn by tragedy.
For those who truly wish to help a grieving person, empathy is not always possible. Most people cannot even begin to be “as one with” a person who has been raped, abused, or who has suffered the death of a loved one. However, in attempting to express empathy, one needs to think carefully, “What would this really be like?” Then, we may come closest to empathy.
In literature, catharsis（情感宣泄）for the reader is often achieved through empathy with a character. In fact, often literature, and other artistic mediums like film can be helpful psychologically. When a character is drawn well and one relates to the character’s thoughts or experiences, the resolutions（决定）made by the character can forward the reader or viewer into new ways of thinking about one’s own situations. In this way the reader or viewer’s own empathy may provoke（引发）catharsis.
61. Which of the following can be an empathy statement? A. I have to apologize for it. C. That really makes me sad.
B. That would annoy me, too.
D. I’m fairly proud of you, too.
62. The understand phrase “put off” in Paragraph 6 means “________”.