第一讲 冠词
建议用时：20分钟
Part Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．[2017·山西太原调研]Hi, John. ________ Mr Smith is waiting for you at the school gate who wants to have ________ word with you about his son's performance in school.
答案：A; a 第一空表示某一个，相当于a certain；第二空have a word with sb.是固定搭配，意思是“和某人说句话，与某人交谈”。
2．[2017·北京东城区期末]It is said that Mary earns eight dollars ________ hour as ________ babysitter.
答案：an; a 第一空指每小时，且hour的发音以元音音素开头，故用an；第二空表示泛指，且babysitter的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。
3．[2018·石家庄模拟]________ Blacks settled down in Canada in ________ early 1990's.
答案：The；the “the＋姓氏复数”表示一家人，the Blacks “布莱克一家人”；英语中表示“在……年代”要加the, in the 1990's “在二十世纪九十年代”。
4．[2017·武汉中学调研]Nowadays, how we can take good care of ________ old is becoming ________ hot and serious topic.
答案：the; a/one the old表示一类人，意思是“老人”；第二空表泛指，意为“一个严肃的话题”，可以用a/one。
5．[2017·山东济宁模拟]Laennec did ________ same and learned to tell by tapping carefully on ________ chest whether it was diseased or not.
答案：the; a 第一空the same为惯用法；第二空a chest表示泛指概念。
6．[2018·福建厦门质检]Although the experiment turned out to be ________ failure, we decided to try ________ second time.
答案：a；a 第一空为抽象名词具体化，故应填不定冠词，表示“一件失败的事”；第二空在序数词前加不定冠词，表示“再一，又一”。
7．[2017·江西新余期末]Finally, I accepted the offer of ________ 80-year-old peasant woman who lived alone in a little house.
答案：an 根据语境可知，此处泛指一位80岁的农妇，且“80”的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
8．[2018·重庆巴蜀中学期末]It really matters how he treated ________ latest failure, for the examination is around ________ corner.
答案：the; the 第一空在最高级前，且表示特指，故用the；第二空为固定短语around the corner，意为“即将到来，即将发生”。
9．[2017·陕西渭南模拟]—What do you think of the grammar book?
—Oh, it really is ________ useful reference book, which is worth reading ________ second time.
答案：a; a 第一空表示“一本有用的参考书”，表示泛指意义，useful的首音节为辅音，故填a；第二空a second表示“再一，又一”。
10．[2018·山东济南一中模拟]________ small but growing number of cities and corporations that do handle e-waste responsibly represents progress toward making the world ________ cleaner, better place for us all.
答案：The; a 第一个空格后面有定语of cities and corporations，所以特指这些城市和公司的数量，故填the；第二个空指由于这些负责任的公司和城市努力解决电子垃圾问题，所以使得世界成为一个更加清洁，更加美好的地方，强调“一个”的意义，故填a。
Part Ⅱ.单句改错
1．[2017·哈六中模拟]I'll be free from December 18 and will have a plenty of time to be together with you.
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答案：去掉a plenty of为固定搭配，没有a，故去掉a，既可修饰可数名词复数也可修饰不可数名词。
2．[2018·河北保定模拟]In the Spring Festival, my family and I went to Beijing and had different holiday.
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答案：different前加a holiday为可数名词单数，其前有形容词修饰，但缺少限定词。根据语境可知，此处holiday为泛指，故应在different前加a。
3．[2017·山东威海模拟]Last Sunday, it was my father's funny day. After supper, my father went to see the film.
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答案：the→a 根据语境可知，此处的电影是首次出现，故应用不定冠词表泛指概念。 4．[2018·桂林模拟]When it was my turn, I felt so shy that I didn't dare to say anything before class.
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答案：class前加the 根据语境可知，现在轮到“我”了，“我”感到如此害羞以至于“我”不敢在全班同学面前讲话。the class表示“全班同学”的意思。
5．[2018·福建福州质检]Seven years ago, some reports covered a story that the world's longest railway tunnel was under the construction in Switzerland.
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答案：去掉第二个the under construction “正在建造中”，为固定词组，没有the。故删除第二个the。
Part Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 [2018·山西临汾模拟]
New area to ease pressure
On April 1, 2017, China announced that it would build the Xiong'an New Area in Hebei Province. This will be __1__the same importance as the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone and the Pudong New Area, according to the State Council.
The area, about 100 kilometers southwest of downtown Beijing, will cover three counties__2__sit at the center of the triangular area formed by Beijing, Tianjin, and Shijiazhuang.
The Xiong'an New Area has great potential for growth, __3__ (report)
People'sDaily. It has a broad space__4__(develop) and will expand to cover 2,000
square kilometers. The transportation of the area is convenient, with only an__5__(hour) drive to Beijing and Tianjin.
The new area also has__6__sound natural environment. It is home to Baiyangdian, one of the__7__(large) freshwater wetlands in North China. With more than 140 lakes, the wetland is__8__(wide) known as the “pearl” of the North China Plain.
Once__9__(build), the area will reduce the heavy burdens on Beijing. For example, many companies, universities and scientific research centers will move from Beijing to the area.
International experts and media also think highly of this new area, saying that it__10__(set) an example to developing countries, noted Xinhua.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了雄安新区的位置、地位及未来的发展规划等情况。
1．of 考查介词。句意：国务院表示，这将与深圳经济特区和浦东新区的重要性相同。be of＋名词＝be＋形容词，句中importance是名词，故填of。
2．which/that 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：该地区位于北京市中心西南约100公里处，将覆盖位于北京、天津、石家庄三市之间形成的三角区域中心的三个县。“__2__ sit at the center of the triangular area formed by Beijing, Tianjin, and Shijiazhuang.”是定语从句，修饰先行词three counties，设空处在从句中作主语，应该用that或which。
3．reported 考查谓语动词。此处作句子的谓语动词，表示人民日报报道，是发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时，故填reported。
4．to develop 考查非谓语动词。所给提示词作定语修饰a broad space，表示将来的动作，用不定式作定语。故填to develop。
5．hour's 考查名词所有格。此处表示“一个小时的车程”。修饰名词drive，应用名词所有格。故填hour's。
6．a 考查冠词。environment “环境”，不可数名词，当有形容词修饰时，需用不定冠词，sound读音以辅音音素开头，故填a。句意：新区有着良好的自然环境。
7．largest 考查形容词的最高级。根据语境可知，此处表示最大的，用large的最高