Unit 4 Earthquakes
1．crack n．裂缝；噼啪声 vt.& vi.(使)开裂；破裂 2．event n．事件；大事 3．ruin n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产 4．track n．轨道；足迹；痕迹 5．useless adj.无用的；无效的；无益的 6．trap vt.使陷入困境 n．陷阱；困境 7．bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 8．shelter n．掩蔽；掩蔽处 vt.掩蔽，遮蔽；庇护 9．damage n．& vt.损失；损害 10．sincerely adv.真诚地；真挚地 11．outline n．要点；大纲；轮廓 12．headline n．报刊的大字标题 13．earthquake；quake n．地震 重点单词 14．burst n．突然破裂；爆发 vi.爆裂；爆发→burst (过去式)→burst (过去分词) 15．nation n．民族；国家；国民→national adj.国家的；民族的→nationality n．国籍 16．extreme adj.极度的→extremely adv.极其；非常 17．injure vt.损害；伤害→injury n．损害；伤害→injured adj.受伤的 18．destroy vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭→destruction n．毁坏；毁灭 19．shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动 n．休克；打击；震惊→shocked adj.震惊的→shocking adj.令人震惊的 20．rescue n．& vt.援救；营救→rescuer n．救援者 21．electricity n．电；电流；电学→electric adj.用电的→electrical adj.与电有关的；电气科学的 22．disaster n．灾难；灾祸→disastrous adj.毁灭性的；灾难的 23．mine n．矿；矿山；矿井→miner n．矿工 24．frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬→frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的→frightening adj.令人恐惧的 25．congratulation n．祝贺；(pl.)贺词→congratulate vt.祝贺
26．judge n．裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决→judg(e)ment n．意见；判断力；审判 27．express vt.表示；表达 n．快车；速递→expression n．表达；表示；表情 1．right_away 立刻；马上 2．as_if 仿佛；好像 重点短语 3．at_an_end 结束；终结 4．in_ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 5．dig_out 掘出；发现 6．a_(great)_number_of 许多；大量的 7．judge_by/from 根据/由……判断 8．be_buried_in 埋头于 1．部分否定的用法 All hope was not lost.(教材P26) 2．everywhere引导状语从句 重点句型 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.(教材P26) 3．“all of＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.(教材P30) 4．be doing sth when…意为“正在做某事这时(突然)……” The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.(教材P31) 定语从句(Ⅰ)(that, which, who和whose引导) 1．A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals.(教材P26) 语法要点 2．The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.(教材P26) 3．Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.(教材P26) 4．Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.(教材P26)
1burst vi.& vt.(burst, burst)爆裂；爆发；突然出现
n．[C]突然破裂；爆发
In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.(教材P26) 在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。 (1)burst in/into 闯入；突然破门而入 (2)
burst out crying/laughing??
? 突然哭起来/笑起来
burst into tears/laughter??
?song 大声唱起来；突然唱起歌来?
(3)burst into?
??flames 突然起火
(4)burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支 (5)a burst of 一阵……
①The police burst in/into the house and arrested the gang. 警察突然闯进房子逮捕了那帮人。
②Aileen burst out crying (cry) for a while, and burst into laughter (laugh) for another moment, which left us at a loss.
艾琳一会儿突然哭起来，一会儿又突然笑起来，这使我们一头雾水。 ③He burst with anger when he found out the truth. 当发现真相后他勃然大怒。
④Reading The Emperor's New Clothes, I had to let out a burst of laughter over his foolishness.
读了《皇帝的新装》，我不禁为他的愚蠢而捧腹大笑。 2ruin n．[U]毁灭；毁坏；[pl.] 废墟；遗迹
vt.毁坏；(使)破产；(使)堕落
In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.(教材P26) 在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就沦为了废墟。 be/lie in ruins成为废墟
??bring…to ruin＝lay…in ruins(1)? 使……毁灭；使……没落；使……破产??come/fall/go＋to/into ruin灭亡；荒废
??oneself自取灭亡(2)ruin?
?one's health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉?
①A large number of churches fell into ruin after the war. 战争过后，许多教堂都被毁了。 ②Bad weather ruined our holidays. 坏天气把我们的假日全给搅了。