arranged to sit next to each other. Once on board, I showed her where to put her luggage, and took her to the bathroom area. We settled down to sleep. In the morning, she became comfortable enough to do what most 15—year olds do; talk and text on her mobile phone.
Throughout the trip, I made sure she picked up her ID, which had fallen out of her backpack, and generally kept an eye on her in a non—intrusive way. I hope someone takes her under their wing when she flies (another anxiety—producing first) back to Sacramento.
I do hope that kindness will spread around the world through these ways. We?re conditioned to think that our lives revolved（旋转）around great moments. But great moments often catch us unaware, beautifully wrapped in what others may consider a small one. 4. Where was the author going by train? A. Seattle B. Eugene. C. Sacramento. D. Amtrak.
5. Why did the author push to the front of the line? A. To get his seat assignment. B. To get a seat in the front. C. To help the girl find her seat.
D. To ask for the two seats next to each other. 6. What can be learnt from the text? A. The girl has never travelled by air before. B. The girl has never been to Seattle before.
C. The mother and daughter have never taken the train before. D. The girl was too nervous to do nothing alone throughout the trip. 7. What does the author?s story intend to tell us? A. Experience is the best teacher. B. You never know till you have tried. C. Happiness lies in giving help to others. D. Do something good even though it may be tiny. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. D
本文为夹叙夹议文章。【解析】作者在旅行途中答应一位母亲帮忙照顾一位从未坐过火车去西雅图的女孩，并倡议做好事要从小事做起。
4. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的妇女问他人是否去西雅图，在路上能帮忙照顾她的女儿。作者答应和她的
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女儿一起走，并承诺在路上照顾，可知作者也是去西雅图（Seattle）的，分析选项可知A正确 。 5. 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句The conductor wanted to know if there were people traveling together, so I pushed my way to the front of the line with the girl and we were arranged to sit next to each other.可知，作者走到排队的前面是想被按排与女孩坐在一起，故选D项。
6. 细节理解题。第四段最后一句I hope someone takes her under their wing when she flies (another
anxiety—producing first) back to Sacramento.可知女孩这是第一次，以前从未坐过飞机，故A正确。第一段母亲的话I was hoping you could watch out for my daughter, she?s never been on a train before.可知，这个女孩以前从未乘火车去过西雅图，而不是从未去过，故B错误的。文中没说女孩子的妈妈去没去过，故C错误的。根据第三段的内容可知女孩一路上用手机聊天等，可知D说女孩太紧张什么也没做是不对的。故选B项。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段，作者希望做好事能在世界上传播，我们习惯一些伟大的时刻，但我们往往意识不到伟大的时刻常被很好地包裹（隐藏）别人可能认为是小的事情里。即小小的善举是伟大壮举的组成部分，所以即使好事虽小也要做。分析选项可知D项符合题意。
C
It is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon Rain Forest. Without it we would not have grown into primates. Or we would probably still （灵长类动物）be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawling around on four legs in search of meat. Without competition, Columbus wouldn?t have discovered America and Edison would never have invented the light bulb.
Friendship, like all relationship between two people, involves competition. It isn?t competition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prize. Perhaps the ecological definition — the simultaneous（同时的）demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrients, living space, or light — better explain it.
As in nature, high school life is governed by a set of laws, similar to a shortened version of Darwin?s theory of evolution, overpopulation, and competition. There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them, ranking and categorizing（分类）take place. In high school, friendships learn to co—exist with competition even though at times the relationship is rough. In fact, in some circumstances, competition is too much of a burden for a friendship to bear, causing it to fall apart. College admission is the final high school objective. Four years of hard work is to achieve good grades, and a student?s fate is determined not only by these achievements, but by the records of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve a similar recognition.
Nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life. It sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to school work. A healthy, friendly competition can have only
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benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy（妒忌）can tear friendships apart. Yet, despite all this, without competition, we would be lost.
8. What does the ecological definition mainly explain? A. How friends compete with each other. B. How to win the competition. C. What the result of competition is. D. What competition exactly is.
9. According to the writer, what causes the high school students to compete? A. The number of them is too large. B. Friendship is a burden for them. C. They know the laws of nature well. D. They are divided into different groups.
10. Which best describes the relationship of friendship and competition? A. Friendship is always based on competition. B. The degree of competition is vital to friendship. C. Competition is terribly harmful to friendship. D. Competition is a result of lost friendship. 11. What does the author think of “competition”? A. The results of competition are out of control. B. Competition becomes fiercer in high school. C. Competition is certain to happen at schools.
D. Friendship is not as important as competition at schools. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】本文主要讲了竞争推动了人类社会的发展以及如何在竞争和友谊中寻找平衡。
8. 细节理解题。由Perhaps the ecological definition — the simultaneous (同时的) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrients, living space, or light — better explain it.可知生态定义主要解释了竞争是什么，选D。
9. 细节理解题。由There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them, ranking and categorizing (分类) take place.可知造成高中生竞争的原因是高中生数量太庞大，选A。
10. 推理判断题。由A healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendships apart. 可推断出竞争的程度对友谊至关重要，选B。
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11. 细节理解题。由Nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life.可知作者认为在学校，竞争一定会发生，选C。
D
Many people wrongly think that cities don?t have farms and that fruits and vegetables are only grown in the country. Believe it or not, there are more and more urban farms popping up in cities all over the world.
Alexandra Sullivan, a food system researcher in New York City, studies urban agriculture. Urban agriculture is another name for farming and gardening in a city environment. Ms. Sullivan studies everything from tiny gardens in empty lots between buildings to bigger fields that have been planted and grown. According to Ms. Sullivan, “Urban agriculture has existed since cities have, across the world.”
The number of humans living in urban areas, or cities, is increasing. The amount of people who want to garden in urban areas is also rising, Ms. Sullivan says, “In small gardens, on rooftops and indoors, they grow fruits, vegetables, grains, and herbs, and raise animals to produce milk, eggs, honey, and meat. They use these foods as supplements to food produced by rural agriculture.” Even though some people who live in urban areas grow crops, urban residents still need to rely on food grown in rural areas. This is because a city doesn?t have enough space to grow enough food for everyone living in it.
In New York City, urban farmers have come up with many different ways to grow their own produce, even though there isn?t a lot of room. For example, Brooklyn Grange is a farming operation that has two rooftop vegetable farms in New York City. All together, the farms are made up of 2.5 acres of rooftop space. This makes Brooklyn Grange one of the largest rooftop farming operations in the world.
Brooklyn Grange grows all kinds of things. The farming company sells its vegetables to local residents and restaurants. And because the farms are on rooftops, they are specially adapted to their urban location. They use available space that is not needed for anything else. As more urban farmers find ways to grow food in cities, urban residents will be better able to get fresher materials for their meals. 12. Which of the following is Ms. Sullivan?s opinion according to the next? A. The number of people living in cities is increasing slowly. B. Urban residents still rely on food grown in rural areas completely. C. Urban agriculture has a history as long as cities. D. Urban agriculture can provide huge income.
13. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Farmers. B. City residents. C. Rurai residents. D. Companies.
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