T 1 As a phenomenon, intercultural communication has existed for thousands of years. However, as a discipline, its history is only about fifty years.
作为一种现象，跨文化交际已经存在了几千年。然而，作为一门学科，它的历史只有50年左右。 F 2 Intercultural Communication as a discipline first started in Europe. 跨文化交际作为一门学科最早起源于欧洲。
F 3 Culture is a static entity while communication is a dynamic process. 文化是一个静态的实体，交流是一个动态的过程。
T4 Culture can be seen as shared knowledge ,what people need to know in order to act appropriately in a given culture. 文化可以看作是共享的知识，人们需要知道什么才能在特定的文化中采取适当的行动。
T5 Although cultural stereotype has its limitations (over-generalization),it still contributes to a person ’s cultural cognition. 虽然文化刻板印象有其局限性(过度概括)，但它仍然有助于一个人的文化认知。
T 6 In intercultural communication, we should separate one ’s individual character from cultural generalization. 在跨文化交际中，我们应该把一个人的个性与文化泛化区分开来。
T 7 Cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic mistakes. The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his or her idea while cultural mistakes can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill-feeling between individuals.
文化错误比语言错误更严重。语言错误是指一个人没有充分表达他或她的想法，而文化错误可以导致严重的误解，甚至个人之间的敌意。
F 8 All people of the same nationality will have the same culture. 同一民族的所有人都有相同的文化。
T 9 Although two cultures may share the same ideas, their meaning and significance may not be the same. 虽然两种文化可能有相同的思想，但它们的意义和意义可能不一样。 F 10 One ’s actions are totally independent of his or her culture. 一个人的行为完全独立于他或她的文化。
II Comprehension Check
T_1 、All cultures require and value politeness, but the ways in which politeness is achieved may vary significantly. 所有的文化都要求并重视礼貌，但礼貌的实现方式可能有很大的不同。
T_2 、Don ’t take offence-getting the form of address ”wrong ”is rarely intended to be offensive. 不要生气-得到“错误”的称呼，很少是有意冒犯。
T_3 、 Addressing forms like “Miss Mary ”，“Brown ” by the Chinese may be a form of cultural compromise. 中国人叫“Miss Mary”“Brown”可能是一种文化妥协
T_4 .Ranks in the armed forces like Captain, Colonel can be used as titles. 军队中的军衔，如上尉、上校等，均可作为军衔使用
F_5 .Westerners can understand what Uncle policeman or P.L.A. Uncle means. 西方人能理解警察叔叔或人民解放军叔叔的意思。
F_6 .We can address Jason Douglas, who is a lawyer, as Lawyer Douglas. 我们可以称呼杰森·道格拉斯，他是一名律师，道格拉斯律师
F_7 .Chinese hospitality toward the westerners is always greatly appreciated. 中国人对西方人的热情好客总是受到极大的赞赏
F_8 .The Chinese way of showing concern is usually appreciated by the Westerners.
中国人表达关心的方式通常为西方人所欣赏。
F_9 . “Thank you for coming!” is a typical expression used by Western hosts when the guests just arrived. “谢谢你来!”这是西方主人在客人刚到的时候使用的一个典型表达。
T_10 .“I’m sorry to have wasted your time”or “I’m sorry to have taken up so much of your time”are usually appropriate for the business visit.
对不起，耽误了你的时间”或“对不起，占用了你这么多时间”通常适合商务访问。
III Comprehension Check
T 1. Sometimes the Chinese way of showing modesty may be considered as fishing for compliments. 有时中国人表现谦虚的方式可能被认为是在寻求赞美
T2. The social functions of Chinese and English compliments are roughly the same. 汉语和英语赞美语的社会功能大致相同。
T 3 .In informal situations, a large number of compliments are used to make people feel comfortable. 在非正式场合，大量的赞美会让人感到舒服。
F 4. The cultural assumption of compliments is the same between cultures.
不同文化之间对赞美的文化是一样的
T 5 .Adjectives and verbs are often used to convey compliment message in English, while adjectives, adverbs and verbs are often used in Chinese.
在英语中，形容词和动词常用于表达赞美信息，而在汉语中，形容词、副词和动词常用于表达赞美信息。 F6. English compliments often begin with the word “you”while Chinese compliments often start with the word “I”.
英语的赞美常常以“you”开头，而汉语的赞美常常以“I”开头。 F7. Chinese people give more compliments in daily life than Americans. 中国人在日常生活中比美国人给予更多的赞美
F8. Americans tends to be self-effacing in their compliments responses. 美国人在赞美他人时往往表现得很谦逊。
F9. Compliments on other ’s belongings are sometimes an indirect way of request in American culture. 在美国文化中，称赞别人的财物有时是一种间接表达想要。
T10 . If a guest compliments something in another person’s home, the Chinese host or hostess will probably give that thing to the guest.
如果客人在别人家里称赞什么东西，中国的主人或女主人很可能会把那个东西送给客人。
IV Comprehension Check
F 1 Verbal communication is more important than nonverbal communication 语言交流比非语言交流更重要。
F 2 “Dragon”means the same to the Westerner as“ 龙” to the Chinese. 龙在中国和西方都是一样的意思。
F 3 The Chinese phrase“知 识分子” has the same meaning as“intellectual.” 中文的“知识分子”和英文中的“intellectual”一样。
T 4 A term in one language may not have a counterpart in another language. 一种语言中的术语在另一种语言中可能没有对应的术语。
F 5 In referring to animals and birds, the Chinese practice is generally, but not always ,to use “公” or“母” to show whether a creature is male or female. This is the same with the English language.
中国所有的动物都可以用“公”“母”表示性别，这和英语中是一样的。
T 6 The following six English word“vice”“associate”“assistant”“deputy”“lieutenant”and “under”can all mean“副” in Chinese language.
“vice”“associate”“assistant”“deputy”“lieutenant”and “under”在中文中都是“副” F 7 There are as many similarities as dissimilarities between English proverbs and Chinese proverbs. 英语谚语和汉语谚语相似之处和不同之处一样多。
T 8 Violating a cultural taboo is as serious as violating a verbal taboo. 违反文化禁忌和违反语言禁忌一样严重。 T 9 Patterns of thought varies with culture. 不同的文化有不同的思维模式。
T 10 Particular thought patterns predominate in each culture, e.g. American culture is predominantly
factual-inductive, Russian culture is predominantly axiomatic-deductive, and Arab cultures are predominately intuitive-affective.
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