磷脂酶抑制剂新进展

具有抗炎、抗过敏活性磷脂酶

抑制剂的研究进展*

王 寅 朱再明

(辽宁师范大学化学系 大连 116029)

刘 彦

(大连医科大学生化教研室 大连 116027)

摘 要 磷脂酶参与细胞跨膜信息传递,磷脂酶A2还是机体炎症、过敏介质产生的关键酶。因此,磷脂酶抑制剂的合成研究对研究细胞表达某种功能的信息传递机制及与磷脂酶A2激活相关的疾病治疗机制和药物研究具有重要意义。本文主要综述了近期有关磷脂酶A2抑制剂的合成、结构、抑效性能、构效关系及应用前景等,对磷脂酶C和磷脂酶D的抑制剂作了简要介绍。

关键词 磷脂酶A2 磷脂酶C 磷脂酶D 磷脂酶抑制剂

Recent Advances in Phospholipase Inhibitors

Wang Yin Zhu Zaiming

(Department of Chemistry, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029,

China) Liu Yan

(Department of Biochemistry, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027,

China) Abstract Phospholipase A2,C,D are involved in the pathways of cell

transmembrane signal transduction,and phospholipase A2(PLA2) is also a critical enzyme which catalyzes the specific hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids and causes the release of inflammatory and allergic

mediators.The studies on phospholipase inhibitors are of significance in investigating the mechanism of the signal transduction of cell functional expression and the mechanism of some diseases related with PLA2 activation,and also in the development of some antiinflammatory and

antiallergic drugs.A brief review on phospholipase inhibitors including their structures,properties, structure-effect relationship and application prospects is given.

Key words phospholipase A2; phospholipase C; phospholipase D; phospholipase inhibitors

磷脂酶(phospholipase)是指水解甘油磷脂的酶,依水解甘油磷脂的位点不同,将磷脂酶分为磷脂酶A1(PLA1)、磷脂酶A2(PLA2)、磷脂酶C(PLC)和磷脂酶D(PLD),如下图所示。甘油磷脂是构成细胞膜的主要成分,也称膜磷脂。近年来发现其一项重要功能是作为细胞应答外界

刺激(第一信使),表达相应功能或效应的跨膜信息传递的第二信使库,此第二信使是磷脂酶水解膜磷脂的产物。如PLA2水解磷脂生成第二信使花生四烯酸(AA);磷脂酰肌醇4,5-二磷酸(PIP2)特异的PLC(PIP2-PLC)水解PIP2生成第二信使二脂酰甘油(DAG)和三磷酸肌醇(IP3),以及PLD水解磷脂生成第二信使磷脂酸(PA)。现发现参与细胞信息传递的磷脂酶有PLA2、PLC、PLD。何种磷脂酶参与细胞表达某种功能或效应

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