2019年中考英语阅读理解真题汇编
(带详细解析过程)
(名师精讲解题方法与技巧+实战训练，建议下载练习)
【考点分析】
阅读理解旨在考查学生阅读、理解的能力。近几年来，中考英语题中的阅读理解材料新颖，题材丰富，考查学生综合推断能力、根据语篇猜单词意思的能力的力度加大，考查学生关注细节的能力占很大部分。所以学生往往要么没能正确理解语篇中某些句子的意思，在细节题上丢分，要么就是对语篇的整体把握不够，在综合题或者推断题方面丢分。那么到底怎么做好阅读理解这一题型呢？
一、解题思路
（一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。
（二）快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。
（三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：
1． 抓住四个\和一个\，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。
2．抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。 3． 注意领会文章的寓意。
4．根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种：
① 直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。
② 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。
③ 综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。
题干中有\ conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。
④ 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。
⑤ 转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。
⑥ 排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。
四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。
真题实战训练 专项训练一 人物故事
时间：8～10分钟/篇 分值：2分/小题
Passage 1(2018黄冈)
One day, Mr. Li was reading a book in his office after school. To his surprise, a ball flew in suddenly and hurt him on the head. He took the ball to the window, but he only saw a group of boy students running away quickly and disappearing in a minute. He sat down again and continued his reading. As it got dark, it was time for him to leave for home. Looking at the ball, he wondered what to do with it. He knew the owner of the ball must be nearby and wished to get it back. He went downstairs and walked to the playground. It was at the center of the playground that he placed the ball with a piece of paper, on which he wrote “Be careful next time！”. Then he walked away.
The next morning, as Mr. Li opened the office door, he found the same piece of paper on the floor. Some words were added after his words: “Thank you for your kindness. Anyway, you are a clever fellow.”
( )1. What happened while Mr. Li was reading in his office? A. The window was broken by a ball. B. A ball hurt him on the head. C. A ball hit the window. D. The door was broken by a ball.
( )2. Why did the owner of the ball run away quickly? A. He was afraid of Mr. Li. B. He wanted to get the ball back. C. He wanted to go home. D. He went to look for the ball.
( )3. How did Mr. Li deal with the ball?
A. He took it home. B. He put it in his office.
C. He put it back on the playground. D. He had no idea about it.
( )4. According to the passage, we can know that ________． A. Mr. Li is interested in reading B. Mr. Li is too hard on his students C. Mr. Li is good at playing sports D. Mr. Li is a clever teacher with kindness
Passage 2(2018安徽)
While many young people were enjoying the summer vacation, Zach Bonner was working his hardest. Zach started walking from Valrico, Florida, his hometown, on Christmas, 2009. He reached Los Angeles nine months later in September, 2010. He covered a total of 2，478 miles and raised $120，000 for kids in need. Along the way, Zach attended school online. His mother, brother and sister took turns to walk or drive together with him.
Although he is very young, Zach has a long history of helping others. When a terrible storm hit town in 2004, Zach, when six, pulled a wagon(小推车)through his community and collected food for people in need.
He has raised $400，000 for his Little Red Wagon Foundation since then. It gives money to projects which help homeless children. In 2007, Zach began walking to support a children's charity(慈善组织)in Tampa, Florida. He finished his journey 23 days later, 280 miles away in Tallahassee. Then in the summer of 2009, he trekked about 670 miles from Atlanta to Washington, D．C., in just two months.
“As long as there are homeless kids, I will never stop walking for them.” Zach says. ( )1. What did Zach do during the summer vacation in 2010? A. He stayed at home to look after his family. B. He travelled to his hometown with his family. C. He joined in a school activity with other kids. D. He walked to collect money for kids in need.
( )2. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that Zach________． A. began to help people at a very early age B. made money to pay for his education C. enjoyed playing around in his community D. worked very hard for his family
( )3. At what age did Zach start walking to support a Tampa children's charity? A. At six. B. At nine. C. At eleven. D. At twelve.
( )4. The underlined word “trekked” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”． A. 延伸 B. 挖掘 C. 跋涉 D. 飞行
( )5. Which of the following best describes Zach? A. Friendly and shy. B. Silly but lovely. C. Kind and helpful. D. Clever but lazy.
Passage 3(2018 北京) From Nobody to Somebody
Brian was a funny student. He loved watching comedies(喜剧)best and hoped to become a comedy actor one day.
When he heard about the talent show to be held at his school, Brian decided to take part in. He had never acted on stage(舞台)before, and he was very excited. But some students laughed at him. “You are not funny but silly，” Ken, one of his classmates, said to his face. “No one will like what you do，” another boy also said to him, loudly.
Brian couldn't understand why they were so unkind to him. For a moment, he thought about giving up the show. But he remembered how much his friends liked his jokes, and also his teachers said he was very funny. So he decided to prepare for the show.
Brian did a great job at the talent show. Everyone loved his performance, and he won the first prize! His teachers and friends were proud of him. Even so, Ken told Brian that he was not funny, and that he would never be successful. Brian didn't understand why Ken said so, but he